Lo càncer del colon es diagnosticat mejans una combinason de tèsts e procediments, que pòdon inclure:
1. Examèn fisic: Lo mètge realiza un examèn fisic per verificar las anomalias o los signes de malautiá.
2. Analisis sanguinas: Los analisis sanguins pòdon ajudar a determinar se i a d'anomalias dins la sang que poirián indicar la preséncia de càncer.
3. Examèns de las taulas: Un examen de las taulas pòt detectar la preséncia de sang dins las taulas, çò que pòt èsser un signe de càncer del colon.
4. Colonoscopia: procediment que consistís a inserir dins lo recte un tub prim e flexible amb una lutz e una camèra a l'extremitat per examinar lo colon.
Pendent una colonoscopia, lo mètge pòt tanben prene de mòstras de teissuts (biopsias) per los examinar per las cellulas cancerosas.
5. sigmoidoscopia: Coma per la colonoscopia, la sigmoidoscopia examina la partida inferiora del colon.
6. colonoscopia virtuala: Es un escàner del colon que crèa un imatge 3D del colon e del recte.
7. tèst de sang oculta dins las fèscas: Aquel tèst verifica la preséncia de sang dins las fèscas, çò que pòt indicar la preséncia de càncer.
8. Enema de bari de doble contraste: Examen al rai X del colon e del recte, que s'utiliza un material de contraste per mostrar las anomalias.
9. Biopsia: Una biopsia es l'extraccion d'una pichona quantitat de teissut del colon per l'examinar jos un microscòpi per determinar se i a de cellulas cancerosas.
10. Imatges: las tomografias, las RMN e los raigs X del pit pòdon èsser utilizats per determinar se lo càncer s'espandiguèt a d'autras partidas del còs.
Un còp lo diagnostic de càncer del colon realizat, lo mètge determinarà l'estadi del càncer, çò qu'ajuda a determinar lo melhor tractament.
L'estadi es basat sus la talha e la localizacion de la tumor, e tanben se s'espandiguèt dins d'autras partidas del còrs.
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How is colon cancer diagnosed?
Colon cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Physical examination: A doctor will perform a physical examination to check for any abnormalities or signs of illness.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can help determine if there are any abnormalities in the blood that may indicate the presence of cancer.
3. Stool tests: A stool test can detect the presence of blood in the stool, which may be a sign of colon cancer.
4. Colonoscopy: This is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end is inserted into the rectum to examine the colon.
During a colonoscopy, the doctor can also take tissue samples (biopsies) to be examined for cancer cells.
5. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy, a sigmoidoscopy examines the lower part of the colon.
6. Virtual colonoscopy: This is a CT scan of the colon that creates a 3D image of the colon and rectum.
7. Fecal occult blood test: This test checks for the presence of blood in the stool, which may indicate the presence of cancer.
8. Double-contrast barium enema: This is an x-ray examination of the colon and rectum, in which a contrast material is used to highlight any abnormalities.
9. Biopsy: A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue from the colon for examination under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
10. Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and chest x-rays may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of colon cancer is made, the doctor will determine the stage of the cancer, which helps determine the best course of treatment.
Staging is based on the size and location of the tumor, as well as whether it has spread to other parts of the body.
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