What is pathophysiology of Breast cancer?

Kode ti kaïngo kobela ti cancer ti me ayeke so wa?

Pathophysiologie ti cancer ti me andu aye so ayeke gbian na yâ ti tele ti zo na so ayeke si na ngoi so cancer ni ayeke maï na ayeke gue na li ni.

A ndu mandango aye so ayeke na gbe ti mênë ti zo nga na aye so ayeke na gbe ti mênë ti zo, so ayeke pusu acellule ti cancer ti maï na ti mû ndo na yâ ti mama.

Ye so andu aye tongana aye so ayeke na yâ mênë ti zo, aye so ayeke na yâ mênë ti zo nga na aye so angoro zo, so ayeke na gunda ti kobela ti cancer ti me.

Ambeni kota gbiango ye so ayeke si na yâ tele ti zo na ngoi ti kobela ti cancer ti me ayeke:

1. Aye so aga na peko ti gbiango ye na yâ mênë ti zo: Aye so aga na peko ti gbiango ye na yâ ambeni ye tongana mênë ti mama, tongana BRCA1 na BRCA2, alingbi ti sala si zo awara kobela ti cancer ti me mingi ahon.

A lingbi ti wara acellule so na yâ mênë ti zo wala a wara ni na ngoi so zo ni ade na fini.

2. Aye so ayeke na yâ tele ti zo so ayeke sala si tele ti lo akpengba: Aye so ayeke na yâ tele ti zo, mbilimbili estrogen, alingbi ti sala mbeni ye na yâ maïngo ti cancer ti me.

Tongana yâ ti awali ayeke sara kua nzoni pëpe wala tongana awali ayeke nyon mingi, a lingbi ti sara si ala wara cancer ti me.

3. A-inflammation: A-inflammation so aninga na yâ ti bio ti me alingbi ti sala si cancer ti me amaï na lege so a yeke maï na a yeke bata acellule ti cancer na fini.

4. Kete ndo so cancer ni amaï dä: Ndo so angoro cancer ni, so andu nga aye so ayeke na yâ ti acellule ti lo, acellule ti lo ti bata na tele ti lo, nga na mênë ti lo, alingbi ti sala ngangu na ndo maïngo ti cancer ni nga na ndo ti lege so lo yeke mû ndo.

5. A yeke kangbi yâ ti tele ti zo na ambeni mbage nde: Kanser ti me alingbi ti kangbi na yâ ambeni mbage ti tele na lege ti aye tongana lymphe wala mênë, na a sala si ambeni cancer nde abâ gigi na yâ ambeni mbage ti tele so ayo.

Ti hinga ye na ndo ti kobela ti cancer ti me ayeke kota ye mingi ti tene a kanga lege na ni nzoni, a hinga ni hio nga a sava ni nzoni.

['Atënë so a bâ na ndo ni']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Underwood SM: Breast cancer in African American women: nursing essentials. ABNF J. , 17 (1): 3-14.

Paliwal SR, Paliwal R, Agrawal GP, Vyas SP: Liposomal nanomedicine for breast cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2011, 6 (6): 1085-100.

Rauch GM, Adrada BE: Comparison of Breast MR Imaging with Molecular Breast Imaging in Breast Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, Staging, and Treatment Response Evaluation. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2018, 26 (2): 273-280.

Wei H, Wang H, Ji Q, Sun J, Tao L, Zhou X: NRBP1 is downregulated in breast cancer and NRBP1 overexpression inhibits cancer cell proliferation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther. 2015, 8 (): 3721-30.

Eden JA: Human breast cancer stem cells and sex hormones--a narrative review. Menopause. 2010, 17 (4): 801-10.

Schneider BP, Winer EP, Foulkes WD, Garber J, Perou CM, Richardson A, Sledge GW, Carey LA: Triple-negative breast cancer: risk factors to potential targets. Clin Cancer Res. 2008, 14 (24): 8010-8.

['Tënë ti ziango kamene na lê: tënë ti seni']

['A zia site so gi ti fa na ye na azo na ti mû wango na ala.']

['A lingbi a sala kusala pëpe na asango so a mû ti hinga wala ti kaï na mbeni kpale ti seni wala kobela, na a lingbi ala so aye ti wara wango ti kaïngo kobela teti ala mveni ahunda mbeni wanganga so ayeke na mbeti ti hinga ye na ndo ni.']

['Bâ so tongana a hunda na zo ti fa wungo ti azo so ayeke na mbeni kobela, a yeke ngangu ti tene lo fa tâ wungo ti azo ni.']

['Gi lakue wango ti wanganga ti mo wala mbeni wanganga so ahinga kua ti lo nzoni na ndo ti kobela ti mo. Zia lâ oko pëpe ti ke wango ti wanganga wala ti ku ti wara ni ndali ti mbeni ye so mo diko na ndo ti site so. Tongana mo bâ so mo yeke na yâ ti mbeni kpale ti seni, iri 911 wala gue hio na hôpital so ayeke nduru na mo.']

['Kengo tene: droit ti lo ti sala tene']

['Ndia ti Amerika na ndo droit ti sigingo na ambeti (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) ti ngu 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (so a hiri ni DMCA) amû lege na azo so ayeke na droit ti sigingo na ambeti ti bâ wala ambeti so asigigi na ndo ti Internet ni adoro droit ti ala so ndia ti Amerika amû na ndo droit ti sigingo na ambeti amû lege na ala ti sala ni. ']

['Tongana mo pensé so mbeni ye so ayeke na ndo ti site ti e wala na yâ ti ambeni ye so e yeke sara andu droit ti mo ti batango ambeti ti e, mo (wala zo so mo sara kua na iri ti lo) alingbi ti tokua na e mbeni mbeti ti hunda ti tene a zi ni wala a kanga lege na mo ti wara ni.']

['A lingbi a tokua ambeti ni na lege ti mbeni lettre so a sû na ndo ti ordinateur wala na lege ti mbeni téléphone (bâ mbage "A-adresse ti téléphone").']

['Ndia ti DMCA ahunda ti tene na yâ ti mbeti ti mo so a tene mbeni zo asara mbeni ye so ake ndia ti droit ti batango ambeti, mo zia atënë so ge: (1) fango peko ti kua so ndia ti batango ambeti ni ake ni; (2) fango peko ti aye so a tene a sara ye ti ke ndia ti batango ambeti ni nga na atënë so alingbi ti mû lege na e ti wara aye ni so; (3) asango ti mo ti wara mo, so andu adresse ti mo, numéro ti téléphone ti mo nga na adresse ti e-mail ti mo; (4) mbeni tënë so mo tene na bê ti mo kue so tënë ti aye ni so mo dema tere dä so ayeke pëpe tënë ti zo so ayeke na droit ti batango ambeti ni, wala zo so ayeke sara kua na iri ti lo, wala ndia ti kodoro ti mo.']

['(5) Mo sû maboko ti mo na gbe ti ngbanga ti mvene na mo tene so atënë so ayeke na yâ ti mbeti ni ayeke tâ tënë nga so mo yeke na ngangu ti sara si a bata droit ti mo ti sigingo na ambeti so a tene a doro ni.']

['Nga (6) mbeni maboko ti zo so ayeke na droit ti sigingo na ambeti ni wala mbeni maboko ti mbeni zo so ayeke sara kua na iri ti zo ni.']

['Tongana mo sû atënë so kue pëpe, a lingbi ti sara si a mû ngoi mingi pëpe ti bâ lege ti tënë ti mo ni.']

['Tënë ti kiri ti bâ zo']

['Tongana mo yeke na mbeni hundango tënë wala mbeni tënë ti tene, tokua ni na e na lege ti mbeni lettre.']

What is pathophysiology of breast cancer?

Pathophysiology of breast cancer refers to the abnormal changes in the normal physiological processes and mechanisms that occur in the development and progression of breast cancer.

It involves the study of the underlying biological and molecular mechanisms that lead to the uncontrolled growth and spread of cancer cells in the breast tissue.

This includes the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that contribute to the initiation, promotion, and progression of breast cancer.

Some of the key pathophysiological changes in breast cancer include:

1. Genetic mutations: Mutations in certain genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can increase the risk of developing breast cancer.

These mutations can be inherited or acquired during a person's lifetime.

2. Hormonal imbalances: Hormones, particularly estrogen, can play a role in the development and growth of breast cancer.

An imbalance in hormone levels or exposure to excess estrogen can increase the risk of breast cancer.

3. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the breast tissue can contribute to the development of breast cancer by promoting the growth and survival of cancer cells.

4. Tumor microenvironment: The environment surrounding the tumor, including the extracellular matrix, immune cells, and blood vessels, can influence the growth and spread of breast cancer.

5. Metastasis: Breast cancer can spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream, leading to the formation of secondary tumors in distant organs.

Understanding the pathophysiology of breast cancer is crucial for developing effective prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies.

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