1. Starost: Tveganje za raka prostate se s starostjo poveča, večina primerov pa se pojavi pri moških, starejših od 65 let.
2. Rasa/etnična pripadnost: Afroameriški moški imajo večje tveganje za razvoj raka prostate kot moški drugih ras.
3. Družinska zgodovina: Moški, ki imajo v družini zgodovino raka prostate, še posebej oče ali brat z boleznijo, imajo večje tveganje.
4. Genetika: Nekatere podedovane genetske mutacije, kot sta BRCA1 in BRCA2, lahko povečajo tveganje za raka prostate.
5. Prehrana: Prehrana, ki vsebuje veliko rdečega mesa in malo sadja in zelenjave, lahko poveča tveganje za raka prostate.
6. Debelost: Prekomerna telesna teža ali debelost lahko poveča tveganje za raka prostate, še posebej za agresivne oblike bolezni.
7. Kajenje: Kajenje lahko poveča tveganje za raka prostate, zlasti za napredovale ali smrtne oblike bolezni.
8. Izpostavljenost kemikalijam: Izpostavljenost nekaterim kemikalijam, kot so pesticidi in herbicidi, lahko poveča tveganje za raka prostate.
9. Spolno prenosljive okužbe: Moški z zgodovino spolno prenosljivih okužb, kot sta gonoreja ali klamidija, imajo lahko povečano tveganje za raka prostate.
10. Spolna aktivnost: Nekatere študije kažejo, da imajo moški, ki imajo več spolnih partnerjev ali se pogosto ukvarjajo s spolno aktivnostjo, nekoliko večje tveganje za raka prostate.
11. Vasektomija: Moški, ki so si naredili vasektomijo, imajo lahko nekoliko povečano tveganje za raka prostate.
12. sladkorna bolezen: Moški s sladkorno boleznijo imajo lahko večje tveganje za raka prostate, še posebej za agresivne oblike bolezni.
Pomembno je omeniti, da prisotnost enega ali več teh dejavnikov tveganja ne pomeni nujno, da bo moški razvil rak prostate, mnogi moški z rakom prostate pa nimajo znanih dejavnikov tveganja.
Vendar pa lahko zavedanje teh dejavnikov tveganja pomaga moškim, da se obveščeno odločijo o pregledu in preprečevanju.
Hosseini M, SeyedAlinaghi S, Mahmoudi M, McFarland W: A case-control study of risk factors for prostate cancer in Iran. Acta Med Iran. , 48 (1): 61-6.
Oderda M, Mondino P, Zitella A, Gontero P, Tizzani A: [Update on epidemiology and risk factors of prostate cancer]. Urologia. , 75 (3): 143-8.
Mazdak H, Mazdak M, Jamali L, Keshteli AH: Determination of prostate cancer risk factors in Isfahan, Iran: a case-control study. Med Arh. 2012, 66 (1): 45-8.
Patel AR, Klein EA: Risk factors for prostate cancer. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2009, 6 (2): 87-95.
Sawada N: Risk and preventive factors for prostate cancer in Japan: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective (JPHC) study. J Epidemiol. 2017, 27 (1): 2-7.
Mordukhovich I, Reiter PL, Backes DM, Family L, McCullough LE, O'Brien KM, Razzaghi H, Olshan AF: A review of African American-white differences in risk factors for cancer: prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2011, 22 (3): 341-57.
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What are the risk factors for prostate cancer?
1. Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
2. Race/Ethnicity: African American men have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer than men of other races.
3. Family History: Men with a family history of prostate cancer, particularly a father or brother with the disease, have a higher risk.
4. Genetics: Certain inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
5. Diet: A diet high in red meat and low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
6. Obesity: Being overweight or obese may increase the risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms of the disease.
7. Smoking: Smoking may increase the risk of prostate cancer, particularly advanced or fatal forms of the disease.
8. Chemical Exposure: Exposure to certain chemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
9. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Men with a history of sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, may have an increased risk of prostate cancer.
10. Sexual Activity: Some studies suggest that men who have a higher number of sexual partners or engage in frequent sexual activity may have a slightly increased risk of prostate cancer.
11. Vasectomy: Men who have had a vasectomy may have a slightly increased risk of prostate cancer.
12. Diabetes: Men with diabetes may have a higher risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms of the disease.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean that a man will develop prostate cancer, and many men with prostate cancer have no known risk factors.
However, being aware of these risk factors can help men make informed decisions about screening and prevention.
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