Natančen vzrok raka prostate ni znan, vendar je bilo ugotovljenih več dejavnikov, ki lahko povečajo tveganje za nastanek bolezni.
Med njimi so:
1. Starost: Tveganje za raka prostate se s starostjo poveča, večina primerov pa se pojavi pri moških, starejših od 65 let.
2. Družinska zgodovina: Moški, ki imajo v družini zgodovino raka prostate, še posebej oče ali brat, ki ima to bolezen, so bolj ogroženi.
3. Rasa: Afroameriški moški imajo večje tveganje za nastanek raka prostate kot moški drugih ras.
4. Prehrana: Prehrana z visoko vsebnostjo maščob, še posebej živalskih maščob, lahko poveča tveganje za raka prostate.
5. Debelost: Prekomerna telesna teža ali debelost lahko poveča tveganje za nastanek raka prostate.
6. Hormoni: Visoka raven testosterona in drugih moških hormonov lahko poveča tveganje za raka prostate.
7. Vnetje: Kronično vnetje prostate, kot je prostatitis, lahko poveča tveganje za raka prostate.
8. Genetika: Nekatere podedovane genetske mutacije, kot na primer v genih BRCA1 in BRCA2, lahko povečajo tveganje za raka prostate.
Pomembno je omeniti, da prisotnost enega ali več teh dejavnikov tveganja ne pomeni, da bo moški zagotovo razvil rak prostate, mnogi moški z rakom prostate pa nimajo znanih dejavnikov tveganja.
Poleg tega potekajo raziskave, da bi bolje razumeli vzroke raka prostate in ugotovili dodatne dejavnike tveganja.
Riihimäki M, Thomsen H, Brandt A, Sundquist J, Hemminki K: What do prostate cancer patients die of? Oncologist. 2011, 16 (2): 175-81.
Gilligan T: Social disparities and prostate cancer: mapping the gaps in our knowledge. Cancer Causes Control. 2005, 16 (1): 45-53.
Newschaffer CJ, Otani K, McDonald MK, Penberthy LT: Causes of death in elderly prostate cancer patients and in a comparison nonprostate cancer cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000, 92 (8): 613-21.
Frydenberg M, Wijesinha S: Diagnosing prostate cancer - what GPs need to know. Aust Fam Physician. 2007, 36 (5): 345-7.
Shimodaira K, Nakashima J, Nakagami Y, Hirasawa Y, Hashimoto T, Satake N, Gondo T, Namiki K, Ohori M, Ohno Y: Prognostic Value of Platelet Counts in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer Treated with Endocrine Therapy. Urol J. 2020, 17 (1): 42-49.
Martínez-Salamanca JI, Ballesteros CM, Carballido Rodríguez J: [Epidemiological fundamentals of clinically localized prostate cancer]. Arch Esp Urol. 2011, 64 (8): 703-10.
Opozorilo: medicinsko
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What causes prostate cancer?
The exact cause of prostate cancer is not known, but several factors have been identified that may increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include:
1. Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
2. Family history: Men with a family history of prostate cancer, particularly a father or brother with the disease, are at a higher risk.
3. Race: African American men have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer than men of other races.
4. Diet: A diet high in fat, particularly animal fat, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
5. Obesity: Being overweight or obese may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer.
6. Hormones: High levels of testosterone and other male hormones may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
7. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation of the prostate, such as prostatitis, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
8. Genetics: Certain inherited genetic mutations, such as those in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not mean that a man will definitely develop prostate cancer, and many men with prostate cancer have no known risk factors.
Additionally, research is ongoing to better understand the causes of prostate cancer and identify additional risk factors.
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