Ho fumanoa hore motho o tšoeroe ke lefu la pelo ho etsoa ka ho hlahloba hore na o kile a tšoaroa ke eng, ho mo hlahloba'meleng le ho etsa liteko tse itseng.
Liteko tse tloaelehileng haholo tse sebelisoang ho fumana lefu la pelo li akarelletsa:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): Tlhahlobo ena e lekanya tšebetso ea motlakase oa pelo'me e ka bona lintho tse sa tloaelehang tse ka 'nang tsa bontša hore motho o tšoeroe ke lefu la pelo.
2. Liteko tsa mali: Liteko tsa mali li ka lekanya litekanyo tsa li-enzyme le liprotheine tse itseng tse kenngoang maling ha mesifa ea pelo e senyehile.
Liteko tsa mali tse sebelisoang haholo ho fumana lefu la pelo ke tsa troponin le creatine kinase (CK-MB).
3. Echocardiogram: Tlhahlobo ena e sebelisa maqhubu a molumo ho etsa setšoantšo se tsamaeang sa pelo, e ka thusang lingaka ho hlahloba hore na pelo e sebetsa joang le ho bona libaka tse senyehileng.
4. Ho hlahloba methapo ea mali: Tlhahlobo ena e akarelletsa ho kenya dae methapong ea mali le ho nka litšoantšo tsa X-ray ho bona hore na methapo ea mali e koetsoe kapa e patisane hakae.
5. CT kapa MRI ea pelo: Liteko tsena tsa ho nka litšoantšo li ka fana ka litšoantšo tse qaqileng tsa pelo le methapo ea eona ea mali, tse ka thusang lingaka ho bona tšenyo kapa litšitiso leha e le life.
6. Teko ea khatello ea kelello: Teko ena e akarelletsa ho ikoetlisa ka mochini o tsamaeang kapa ka baesekele e emeng ha pelo e ntse e hlahlojoa ho bona hore na e arabela joang khatellong ea kelello.
E ka thusa ho khetholla ho sa tloaelehang leha e le hofe ho etsoang ke pelo.
7. Ho kenya catheter ea pelo: Ho kenngoa ha catheter ena e kenang ka maleng a letsoho kapa a leoto ebe e fetisetsoa pelong.
Joale ho kenngoa dae methapong ea pelo ho bona hore na ho na le moo e thibaneng teng.
Ha lingaka li hlahloba matšoao a mokuli le hore na o kile a tšoaroa ke'ng, li ka tseba hore na o tšoeroe ke lefu la pelo' me tsa mo fa phekolo e molemohali.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
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How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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