Ho na le lintho tse'maloa tse ka bakang lefu la pelo, ho akarelletsa:
1. Lilemo: Kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo e eketseha ha motho a ntse a hōla, haholo-holo ha a se a fetile lilemo tse 45 ho banna le tse 55 ho basali.
2. Cholesterol e ngata: Cholesterol e ngata ea LDL (e mpe) le e fokolang ea HDL (e ntle) e ka eketsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo.
3. Khatello e phahameng ea mali: Khatello e phahameng ea mali e sa laoloeng e ka senya methapo ea mali'me ea eketsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo.
4. Lefu la tsoekere: Batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba kotsing e khōlō ea ho hlaseloa ke lefu la pelo ka lebaka la tšenyo eo tsoekere e phahameng maling e ka e bakang methapong ea mali.
5. Ho ba motenya kapa ho nona haholo: Ho nona ho feteletseng ho ka eketsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo ka ho tlatsetsa ho lisosa tse ling tse kotsi tse kang khatello e phahameng ea mali le lefu la tsoekere.
6. Ho se ikoetlise: Ho se ikoetlise ho ka etsa hore motho a be le lefu la pelo'me ho eketsa kotsi ea hore a tšoaroe ke lefu la pelo.
7. Ho Tsuba: Ho tsuba ke sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu la pelo, kaha ho senya methapo ea mali'me ho eketsa kotsi ea hore mali a koalehe.
8. Histori ea lelapa: Histori ea lelapa ea lefu la pelo e ka eketsa kotsi ea ho hlaseloa ke lefu la pelo.
9. Ho thothomela ha li-atrium: Ena ke ho otla ha pelo ka tsela e sa tloaelehang ho ka eketsang kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo le setorouku.
10. Ho hlaseloa ke lefu la pelo kapa setorouku nakong e fetileng: Batho ba kileng ba hlaseloa ke lefu la pelo kapa setorouku nakong e fetileng ba kotsing e khōlō ea ho hlaseloa ke lefu le tšoanang hape.
11. Khatello ea kelello: Khatello ea kelello e sa foleng e ka baka lefu la pelo'me ea eketsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo.
12. Maemo a ho itšireletsa mafung: Maemo a kang lupus le rheumatoid arthritis a ka eketsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo ho basali.
13. Mathata a bophelo bo botle a amanang le ho ima: Basali ba tsoaloang ke lefu la tsoekere kapa khatello ea mali nakong ea bokhachane ba kotsing e khōlō ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo hamorao bophelong.
14. Maemo a tlaase a estrogen: Basali ba seng ba fetile nako ea ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli kapa ba seng ba khaotsoe popelo ba na le maemo a tlaase a estrogen, e leng se ka eketsang kotsi ea hore ba tšoaroe ke lefu la pelo ha ho bapisoa le basali ba seng ba fetile nako eo.
Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore le hoja lintho tse ling tse bakang kotsi, tse kang lilemo le histori ea lelapa, li ke ke tsa fetoloa, tse ling tse ngata li ka laoloa ka ho fetola tsela eo motho a phelang ka eona le ka ho sebelisa meriana.
Ho hlahlojoa kamehla, ho ja lijo tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng, ho ikoetlisa kamehla, ho tlohela ho tsuba le ho laola mafu a sa foleng a kang khatello e phahameng ea mali le lefu la tsoekere ho ka thusa ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
['Tlhokomeliso: tsa bongaka']
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['(5) polelo e saennweng ke wena, tlasa kotlo ya ho hlapanya leshano, ya hore tlhahisoleseding e tsebisong e nepahetse le hore o na le matla a ho tiisa ditokelo tsa mongodi tseo ho thweng di a tlolwa; ']
["le (6) ho saena ka letsoho kapa ka elektronike ha mong'a litokelo tsa bangoli kapa motho ea lumeletsoeng ho nka khato lebitsong la mong'a litokelo tsa bangoli. "]
['Ho hloleha ho kenyelletsa tlhahisoleseding yohle e ka hodimo ho ka baka ho dieha ha ho sebetswa tletlebo ya hao.']
['Ho Iteanya']
['Ka kōpo re romelle imeile ka potso / tlhahiso leha e le efe.']
What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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