How is Diabetes diagnosed?

['Lalela lelikhasi']

Sifo sashukela sibonakala njani?

Sifo sashukela sibonakala ngekutsi kuhlolwe ingati kute kutfolakale kutsi ingakanani i-glucose (shukela) lengati.

Luhlolo lolusetjentiswa kakhulu kutfola sifo sashukela ngunati:

1. Kuhlolwa kwe-Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG): Lokuhlolwa kukhombisa lizinga lengati le-glucose ngemuva kwekudla lokungenani emahora la-8.

Lizinga leshukela lengati lelingemamiligremu langu-7 emamilimitha langemamililitha nobe ngetulu, likhombisa kutsi unesifo sashukela.

2. Luhlolo Lwekumelana Neglucose Lomlomo (OGTT): Loluhlolo lulinganisa emazinga eglucose engatini ngaphambi nangemuva kwema-awa lamabili unatse lokumanti lokunashukela.

Lizinga le-glucose lengenile lengemamilimitha langu-111 ngelitha nobe ngetulu, likhombisa kutsi unesifo sashukela.

3. Luhlolo lwe-Random Plasma Glucose: Loluhlolo lungentiwa nobe kunini futsi aludzingi kutsi uzila kudla.

Lizinga le-glucose lengenile lengemamilimitha langu-111 ngelitha nobe ngetulu, likhombisa kutsi unesifo sashukela.

4. Luhlolo lwe-Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C): Loluhlolo lulinganisa silinganiso selizinga lengati kulenyanga lengu-2 kuya ku-3.

Lizinga le-A1C lelingu-6.5% nobe ngetulu likhombisa kutsi unesifo sashukela.

Kubalulekile kwati kutsi lokuhlolwa kufanele kuphindvwe ngalelinye lilanga kute kutfolakale kutsi vele unalo yini leligciwane.

Ngetulu kwaloko, letinye tintfo letifana netimphawu, umlandvo wekugula, kanye nekuhlolwa kwemtimba kungacatjangelwa nakuhlolwa sifo.

Nangabe unemibuto nobe tinkinga mayelana nekutfola kutsi unesifo sashukela, kubalulekile kutsi ukhulume nadokotela.

['Tintfo letibhalwe phansi']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Ding L, Xu Y, Liu S, Bi Y, Xu Y: Hemoglobin A1c and diagnosis of diabetes. J Diabetes. 2018, 10 (5): 365-372.

Kalra S, Gupta Y: Diagnosis of diabetes. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015, 65 (3): 336-7.

Higgins T: HbA1c for screening and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Endocrine. 2013, 43 (2): 266-73.

Ko GT: Diagnosing diabetes mellitus in the Asian population. Hong Kong Med J. 2000, 6 (1): 53-9.

Li HY, Ma WY, Wei JN, Lin MS, Shih SR, Hung CS, Hua CH, Chuang LM: Hemoglobin A1c for the diagnosis of diabetes: To replace or to guide oral glucose tolerance tests? J Diabetes Investig. 2012, 3 (3): 259-65.

Hill J: How to diagnose diabetes. Nurs Times. , 101 (16): 28-30.

Hessler KL, Dunemn K: Laboratory diagnosis of overt type 2 diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2017, 29 (9): 521-526.

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How is diabetes diagnosed?

Diabetes is diagnosed through a series of blood tests that measure the levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

The most common tests used to diagnose diabetes are:

1. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) test: This test measures the blood glucose level after fasting for at least 8 hours.

A blood glucose level of 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

2. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): This test measures blood glucose levels before and 2 hours after drinking a sweet liquid.

A blood glucose level of 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

3. Random Plasma Glucose test: This test can be done at any time and does not require fasting.

A blood glucose level of 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

4. Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C) test: This test measures the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months.

An A1C level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.

It is important to note that these tests should be repeated on a different day to confirm the diagnosis.

Additionally, other factors such as symptoms, medical history, and physical examination may also be considered in making a diagnosis.

If you have any concerns or questions about diabetes diagnosis, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional.

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