Ni mambo gani yanayoweza kusababisha kansa ya matiti?
Kuna mambo kadhaa ya hatari ya kansa ya matiti, baadhi yake yanaweza kubadilishwa na mengine hayawezi kubadilishwa.
Zifuatazo ni baadhi ya mambo ya hatari ya kawaida:
1. Umri: Hatari ya kupata kansa ya matiti huongezeka kadiri umri unavyozidi kuongezeka, na visa vingi hutokea kwa wanawake wenye umri wa zaidi ya miaka 50.
2. Historia ya familia: Kuwa na mtu wa ukoo wa karibu, kama vile mama, dada, au binti, mwenye kansa ya matiti huongeza hatari yako.
3. Mabadiliko ya chembe za urithi: Mabadiliko fulani ya chembe za urithi, kama vile BRCA1 na BRCA2, huongeza hatari ya kupata kansa ya matiti.
4. Historia ya uzazi: Kuanza kwa hedhi mapema, kukoma kwa hedhi kuchelewa, na kutokuwa na watoto au kuwa na mtoto wa kwanza baada ya umri wa miaka 30 kunaweza kuongeza hatari hiyo.
5. Tiba ya uingizwaji wa homoni: Matumizi ya muda mrefu ya tiba ya homoni ya estrojeni na progesteroni baada ya kumalizika kwa hedhi yaweza kuongeza hatari.
6. Matumizi ya kileo: Kunywa kileo huongeza hatari ya kupata kansa ya matiti.
7. Kunenepa kupita kiasi: Kuwa na uzito kupita kiasi au kunenepa kupita kiasi huongeza hatari, hasa baada ya kumalizika kwa hedhi.
8. Shughuli za kimwili: Ukosefu wa shughuli za kimwili waweza kuongeza hatari hiyo.
9. Kuathiriwa na mnururisho: Kuathiriwa na mnururisho mwingi, hasa wakati wa utotoni, kunaweza kuongeza hatari hiyo.
10. Wingi wa matiti: Wanawake walio na matiti mengi wana hatari kubwa zaidi ya kupata kansa ya matiti.
11. Historia ya hedhi: Wanawake ambao walianza hedhi mapema (kabla ya umri wa miaka 12) au walipitia kipindi cha kumaliza hedhi baadaye (baada ya umri wa miaka 55) wana hatari kubwa kidogo.
12. Kunyonyesha: Wanawake ambao hawajawahi kunyonyesha wana hatari kubwa zaidi ya kupatwa na kansa ya matiti.
Ni muhimu kutambua kwamba kuwa na sababu moja au zaidi za hatari hakumaanishi kwamba mtu hakika atapata kansa ya matiti, na kutokuwa na sababu zozote za hatari hakuhakikishi kwamba mtu hatapata kansa ya matiti.
Hata hivyo, kuelewa mambo hayo ya hatari kunaweza kuwasaidia watu kufanya maamuzi yenye kuarifiwa kuhusu afya yao na uwezekano wa kupunguza hatari yao.
Wung SF, Hepworth JT, Sparenga D, Merkle CJ: Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Pilot Study. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2015, 42 (5): E330-8.
Frankl G: Risk factors in breast cancer: are they important, are they the same in pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer patients? Oncology. 1980, 37 (1): 41-5.
Ho PJ, Lau HSH, Ho WK, Wong FY, Yang Q, Tan KW, Tan MH, Chay WY, Chia KS, Hartman M, Li J: Incidence of breast cancer attributable to breast density, modifiable and non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors in Singapore. Sci Rep. 2020, 10 (1): 503.
Barnard ME, Boeke CE, Tamimi RM: Established breast cancer risk factors and risk of intrinsic tumor subtypes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015, 1856 (1): 73-85.
Hines LM, Risendal B, Slattery ML, Baumgartner KB, Giuliano AR, Sweeney C, Rollison DE, Byers T: Comparative analysis of breast cancer risk factors among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. Cancer. 2010, 116 (13): 3215-23.
Rosner B, Glynn RJ, Eliassen AH, Hankinson SE, Tamimi RM, Chen WY, Holmes MD, Mu Y, Peng C, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Tworoger SS: A Multi-State Survival Model for Time to Breast Cancer Mortality among a Cohort of Initially Disease-Free Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022, 31 (8): 1582-1592.
Kanusho la dhima: matibabu
Tovuti hii hutolewa kwa madhumuni ya elimu na habari tu na si kutoa ushauri wa matibabu au huduma za kitaaluma.
Habari inayotolewa haipaswi kutumiwa kugundua au kutibu tatizo la afya au ugonjwa, na wale wanaotafuta ushauri wa kibinafsi wa kitiba wanapaswa kushauriana na daktari aliye na leseni.
Tafadhali kumbuka mtandao wa neva ambao hutengeneza majibu ya maswali, ni hasa usio sahihi linapokuja maudhui ya nambari. Kwa mfano, idadi ya watu waliogunduliwa na ugonjwa fulani.
Daima kutafuta ushauri wa daktari wako au mtoa huduma nyingine ya afya waliohitimu kuhusu hali ya matibabu. Kamwe kupuuza ushauri wa matibabu ya kitaaluma au kuchelewesha katika kutafuta yake kwa sababu ya kitu umesoma kwenye tovuti hii. Kama unafikiri unaweza kuwa na dharura ya matibabu, piga simu 911 au kwenda chumba cha dharura karibu mara moja. Hakuna uhusiano daktari-mgonjwa ni kuundwa na tovuti hii au matumizi yake. Wala BioMedLib wala wafanyakazi wake, wala mchangiaji yoyote ya tovuti hii, hufanya uwakilishi wowote, wazi au implicit, kuhusiana na taarifa zinazotolewa hapa au matumizi yake.
Utoaji wa dhima: hakimiliki
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act ya 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) hutoa njia ya kurudi kwa wamiliki wa hakimiliki ambao wanaamini kuwa vifaa vinavyoonekana kwenye Mtandao vinakiuka haki zao chini ya sheria ya hakimiliki ya Merika.
Kama unaamini kwa imani nzuri kwamba maudhui yoyote au nyenzo zilizotolewa kuhusiana na tovuti yetu au huduma inakiuka hakimiliki yako, wewe (au wakala wako) unaweza kutuma sisi taarifa kuomba kwamba maudhui au nyenzo kuondolewa, au upatikanaji wake kuzuiwa.
Taarifa lazima zipelekwe kwa maandishi kwa barua pepe (tazama sehemu ya "Contact" kwa anwani ya barua pepe).
DMCA inahitaji kwamba taarifa yako ya madai ya ukiukaji wa hakimiliki ni pamoja na taarifa zifuatazo: (1) maelezo ya kazi ya hakimiliki ambayo ni madai ya ukiukaji; (2) maelezo ya madai ya ukiukaji maudhui na habari ya kutosha kuruhusu sisi kupata maudhui; (3) mawasiliano ya habari kwa ajili yenu, ikiwa ni pamoja na anwani yako, nambari ya simu na anwani ya barua pepe; (4) taarifa na wewe kuwa na imani nzuri imani kwamba maudhui katika njia alilalamika ya si mamlaka na mmiliki wa hakimiliki, au wakala wake, au na operesheni ya sheria yoyote;
(5) taarifa na wewe, saini chini ya adhabu ya ushahidi wa uongo, kwamba habari katika taarifa ni sahihi na kwamba una mamlaka ya kutekeleza haki za hakimiliki ambayo ni madai ya kukiuka;
na (6) saini ya kimwili au ya elektroniki ya mmiliki wa hakimiliki au mtu aliyeidhinishwa kutenda kwa niaba ya mmiliki wa hakimiliki.
Kushindwa kujumuisha habari zote hapo juu kunaweza kusababisha ucheleweshaji wa usindikaji wa malalamiko yako.
Mawasiliano
Tafadhali tutumie barua pepe na swali lolote / pendekezo.
What are the risk factors for breast cancer?
There are several risk factors for breast cancer, some of which are modifiable and others that are not.
Here are some of the most common risk factors:
1. Age: The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in women over the age of 50.
2. Family history: Having a close relative, such as a mother, sister, or daughter, with breast cancer increases your risk.
3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
4. Reproductive history: Early menarche (start of menstruation), late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk.
5. Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of combined estrogen and progesterone hormone therapy after menopause can increase the risk.
6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk, especially after menopause.
8. Physical activity: Lack of physical activity can increase the risk.
9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk.
10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of developing breast cancer.
11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early (before age 12) or went through menopause late (after age 55) have a slightly higher risk.
12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more risk factors does not mean that a person will definitely develop breast cancer, and not having any risk factors does not guarantee that a person will not develop breast cancer.
However, understanding these risk factors can help individuals make informed decisions about their health and potentially reduce their risk.
Disclaimer: medical
This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.
The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.
Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. No physician-patient relationship is created by this web site or its use. Neither BioMedLib nor its employees, nor any contributor to this web site, makes any representations, express or implied, with respect to the information provided herein or to its use.
Disclaimer: copyright
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the “DMCA”) provides recourse for copyright owners who believe that material appearing on the Internet infringes their rights under U.S. copyright law. If you believe in good faith that any content or material made available in connection with our website or services infringes your copyright, you (or your agent) may send us a notice requesting that the content or material be removed, or access to it blocked. Notices must be sent in writing by email (see 'Contact' section for email address) . The DMCA requires that your notice of alleged copyright infringement include the following information: (1) description of the copyrighted work that is the subject of claimed infringement; (2) description of the alleged infringing content and information sufficient to permit us to locate the content; (3) contact information for you, including your address, telephone number and email address; (4) a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the content in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, or its agent, or by the operation of any law; (5) a statement by you, signed under penalty of perjury, that the information in the notification is accurate and that you have the authority to enforce the copyrights that are claimed to be infringed; and (6) a physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf. Failure to include all of the above information may result in the delay of the processing of your complaint.
Karibu
BioMedLib hutumia kompyuta za kiotomatiki (algorithms ya kujifunza mashine) kuzalisha jozi za maswali na majibu.
Tunaanza na machapisho milioni 35 ya biomedical ya PubMed/Medline. Pia, kurasa za wavuti za RefinedWeb.
