How is Diabetes diagnosed?

['ነዚ ገጽ ስምዓዮ']

ሽኮርያ ብኸመይ እዩ ዚፍለጥ፧

ሕማም ሽኮርያ ብመርመራ ደም እዩ ዝፍለጥ፡ እዚ ድማ መጠን ናይ ግሉኮስ (ሽኮር) ኣብ ደም ይዕቀን።

ሕማም ሽኮር ንምፍላጥ ዝጥቀሙ ልሙዳት ምርመራታት እዞም ዝስዕቡ እዮም፡

ናይ ጾም ፕላዝማ ግሉኮስ (FPG) መርመራ፡ እዚ መርመራ እዚ ነቲ ናይ ደም ግሉኮስ ደረጃ ን 8 ሰዓታት ድሕሪ ጾም ይዕቅኖ።

መጠን ሽኮር ኣብ ደምካ 126 ሚልግሪም/ደሲትሪል (7 ሚሞል/ሊተር) ወይ ካብኡ ንላዕሊ እንተ ዀይኑ፡ ሽኮርያ ኸም ዘሎካ ይሕብር።

ናይ ኣፍ ናይ ግሉኮስ ተጻዋርነት መርመራ (OGTT): እዚ መርመራ እዚ ቅድሚ ሽኮራዊ ፈሳሲ ምስታይን ድሕሪ 2 ሰዓታት ድሕሪ ምስታይን ናይ ደም ግሉኮስ ደረጃ ይዕቅን።

መጠን ሽኮር ኣብ ደምካ ካብ 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) ንላዕሊ እንተ ዀይኑ፡ ሕማም ሽኮር ከም ዘሎካ ይሕብር።

3. Random Plasma Glucose test: እዚ ምርመራ ኣብ ዝኾነ ግዜ ክግበር ይከኣል እዩ፡ ጾም ድማ ኣየድልን።

መጠን ሽኮር ኣብ ደምካ ካብ 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) ንላዕሊ እንተ ዀይኑ፡ ሕማም ሽኮር ከም ዘሎካ ይሕብር።

4. Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C) መርመራ: እዚ መርመራ እዚ ኣብ ዝሓለፈ 2-3 ኣዋርሕ ዝነበረ ማእከላይ መጠን ግሉኮስ ደም ይዕቅን።

መጠን A1C 6.5% ወይ ካብኡ ንላዕሊ እንተኾይኑ ሽኮርያ የመልክት።

እዚ መርመራታት እዚ ኣብ ካልእ መዓልቲ ክድገም ከምዘለዎ ንምፍላጥ ኣገዳሲ እዩ።

ብተወሳኺ፡ ካልኦት ረቛሒታት ከም ምልክታት፡ ናይ ሕክምና ታሪኽ፡ ከምኡ'ውን ኣካላዊ መርመራ፡ ኣብ ምምርማር ክሕሰቡ ይኽእሉ።

ብዛዕባ ሕማም ሽኮር ዝኾነ ይኹን ስክፍታ ወይ ሕቶ ምስ ዝህልወካ ምስ ናይ ጥዕና ሰብ ሞያ ምዝርራብ ኣገዳሲ እዩ።

['መወከሲ']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Ding L, Xu Y, Liu S, Bi Y, Xu Y: Hemoglobin A1c and diagnosis of diabetes. J Diabetes. 2018, 10 (5): 365-372.

Kalra S, Gupta Y: Diagnosis of diabetes. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015, 65 (3): 336-7.

Higgins T: HbA1c for screening and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Endocrine. 2013, 43 (2): 266-73.

Ko GT: Diagnosing diabetes mellitus in the Asian population. Hong Kong Med J. 2000, 6 (1): 53-9.

Li HY, Ma WY, Wei JN, Lin MS, Shih SR, Hung CS, Hua CH, Chuang LM: Hemoglobin A1c for the diagnosis of diabetes: To replace or to guide oral glucose tolerance tests? J Diabetes Investig. 2012, 3 (3): 259-65.

Hill J: How to diagnose diabetes. Nurs Times. , 101 (16): 28-30.

Hessler KL, Dunemn K: Laboratory diagnosis of overt type 2 diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2017, 29 (9): 521-526.

['ናይ ተሓታትነት መግለጺ: ሕክምናዊ']

['እዚ ወብ ሳይት ንትምህርትን ሓበሬታን ጥራይ እዩ ተዋሂቡ: ሕክምናዊ ምኽሪ ወይ ሞያዊ ኣገልግሎት ንምሃብ ተባሂሉ እተዳለወ ድማ ኣይኰነን።']

['እቲ ሓበሬታ ንዝኾነ ናይ ጥዕና ጸገም ወይ ሕማም ንምፍላጥ ወይ ንምሕካም ክውዕል የብሉን፣ እቶም ውልቃዊ ናይ ሕክምና ምኽሪ ዝደልዩ ድማ ምስ ፍቓድ ዘለዎ ሓኪም ክማኸሩ ኣለዎም።']

['እቲ መልሲ ናይቶም ሕቶታት ዝህብ ኔቭራል ኔት፡ ብፍላይ ኣብ ቁጽሪ ዝተሞርኮሰ ሓበሬታ፡ ንኣብነት፡ ብዝሒ ናይቶም ዝተለኽፉ ሰባት ምስ ዝኸውን፡ ኣዝዩ ዘይቅኑዕ ምዃኑ ኣስተብህል።']

['ኩሉ ግዜ ብዛዕባ ናይ ጥዕና ኩነታትካ ምኽሪ ናይ ሓኪምካ ወይ ካልእ ብቑዕ ናይ ጥዕና ኣገልጋሊ ድለ። ኣብዚ መርበብ ሓበሬታ ዘንበብካዮ ነገር ምኽንያት ናይ ሞያ ናይ ሕክምና ምኽሪ ዕሽሽ ኣይትበል። ናይ ሕክምና ህጹጽ ኩነታት ከጋጥመካ ይኽእል እዩ ኢልካ እንተሓሲብካ 911 ደውል ወይ ናብ ዝቐረበ ህጹጽ ክፍሊ ህጹጽ ረድኤት ብቅልጡፍ ኪድ። እዚ መርበብ ሓበሬታ ወይ ኣጠቓቕምኡ ናይ ሓኪምን ሕሙምን ርክብ ኣይፈጥርን። BioMedLib ወይ ሰራሕተኛታቱ ወይ ዝኾነ ኣበርካቲ ናይዚ መርበብ ሓበሬታ እዚ ኣብዚ ዝተዋህበ ሓበሬታ ወይ ኣጠቓቕምኡ ብዝምልከት ዝኾነ ይኹን መግለጺ ወይ ውክልና ኣይህብን እዩ።']

['ናይ መሰል ተሓታትነት']

['ናይ 1998 ዲጂታል ሚሊኒየም ሕጊ መሰል ደራሲ 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) ኣብ ኢንተርኔት ዝረአ ዘሎ ትሕዝቶ ብመሰረት ሕጊ መሰል ደራሲ ኣሜሪካ መሰሎም ዝጥሕስ እዩ ኢሎም ንዝኣምኑ ወነንቲ መሰል ደራሲ ይምልከት። ']

['ዝኾነ ትሕዝቶ ወይ ማተርያል ምስ ዌብሳይትና ወይ ኣገልግሎትና ብምትሕሓዝ ዝተዳለወ ንናይ መሰል ዋንነትካ ዝጥሕስ እዩ ኢልካ ብጽቡቕ እምነት እንተኣሚንካ፣ ንስኻ (ወይ ወኪልካ) ነቲ ትሕዝቶ ወይ ማተርያል ክውገድ ወይ ድማ ናብኡ ምእታው ክኽልከል ዝሓትት ምልክታ ክትልእኸልና ትኽእል ኢኻ።']

['እቲ ምልክታ ብጽሑፍ ብኢሜይል ክለኣኽ ኣለዎ (ናይ ኢሜይል ኣድራሻ ንምርካብ ኣብ "Contact" ዝብል ክፋል ተመልከት) ።']

['እቲ DMCA እዚ ዝስዕብ ሓበሬታታት ክካተት ይሓትት፡ (1) መግለጺ ናይቲ ግህሰት ተፈጻምነት ኣለዎ ተባሂሉ ዝሕመ፡ (2) መግለጺ ናይቲ ግህሰት ተፈጻምነት ኣለዎ ተባሂሉ ዝሕመ ትሕዝቶን ነቲ ትሕዝቶ ክንረኽቦ ዘኽእለና እኹል ሓበሬታን (3) ናይ ርክብ ሓበሬታ፡ እንተላይ ኣድራሻኻ፡ ቁጽሪ ተሌፎንካን ናይ ኢመይል ኣድራሻኻን (4) እቲ ትሕዝቶ በቲ ጥርዓን ዝቐርበሉ መገዲ በቲ በዓል መሰል፡ ወይ ወኪሉ ወይ ብዝኾነ ሕጊ ከምዘይፍቀድ ጽቡቕ እምነት ከም ዘሎካ ዝገልጽ መግለጺ፡']

['(5) እቲ ኣብ ምልክታ ዘሎ ሓበሬታ ልክዕ ምዃኑን ነቲ ዝተጣሕሰ መሰል ናይ ምጥባቕ ስልጣን ከምዘለካን ብገበን ናይ ሓሶት ምስክርነት ዝተፈረመ መግለጺኻ፣']

["ከምኡ'ውን (6) ናይ ዋና መሰል ደራሲ ወይ ብስም ዋና መሰል ደራሲ ክሰርሕ ዝተፈቕደሉ ሰብ፡ ኣካላዊ ወይ ኤለክትሮኒካዊ ፊርማ። "]

['እዚ ኩሉ ኣብ ላዕሊ ዝተጠቕሰ ሓበሬታ ዘይምምላእ ነቲ ጥርዓንካ ናይ ምምላስ መስርሕ ክድንጉዮ ይኽእል እዩ።']

['ርክብ']

['ዝኾነ ሕቶ / ሓሳብ ምስ ዝህልወኩም ብኢሜይል ስደዱልና።']

How is diabetes diagnosed?

Diabetes is diagnosed through a series of blood tests that measure the levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

The most common tests used to diagnose diabetes are:

1. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) test: This test measures the blood glucose level after fasting for at least 8 hours.

A blood glucose level of 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

2. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): This test measures blood glucose levels before and 2 hours after drinking a sweet liquid.

A blood glucose level of 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

3. Random Plasma Glucose test: This test can be done at any time and does not require fasting.

A blood glucose level of 2000 mg/dL (111 mmol/L) or higher indicates diabetes.

4. Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C) test: This test measures the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months.

An A1C level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.

It is important to note that these tests should be repeated on a different day to confirm the diagnosis.

Additionally, other factors such as symptoms, medical history, and physical examination may also be considered in making a diagnosis.

If you have any concerns or questions about diabetes diagnosis, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional.

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