Bolwetse jwa Alzheimer bo lemogiwa ka go dirisa mekgwa e e farologaneng, go akaretsa go tlhatlhobiwa ke ngaka ka botlalo, go tlhatlhobiwa tlhaloganyo le boboko, go dirwa ditshwantsho tsa boboko le go leka go ntsha dilo tse dingwe tse di ka tswang di bo baka.
1. Go tlhatlhobiwa ke ngaka: Ngaka e tla tlhatlhoba mmele wa gago le go go bolelela ka botlalo ka bolwetse jwa gago gore e tle e kgone go bona gore a ga go na dilo tse dingwe tse di ka tswang di dirile gore o se ka wa tlhola o gakologelwa dilo kgotsa o se ka wa kgona go dira dilo sentle, tse di jaaka mathata a thyroid, go tlhaela dibitamine kgotsa ditlhagala tsa boboko.
Diteko tsa tlhaloganyo le tsa boboko: Diteko tseno di tlhatlhoba bokgoni jwa go gakologelwa, puo, go rarabolola mathata le ditiro tse dingwe tsa tlhaloganyo go bona gore tlhaloganyo e senyegile go le kana kang le go farologanya go latlhegelwa ke tlhaloganyo go go tlwaelegileng go go bakwang ke go tsofala le go latlhegelwa ke tlhaloganyo.
3. Go tsaya ditshwantsho tsa boboko: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kgotsa computed tomography (CT) scans e ka thusa go lemoga diphetogo tse di diregang mo bobokong tse di ka bontshang gore motho o na le bolwetse jwa Alzheimer.
Ditshwantsho tsa positron emission tomography (PET) di ka dirisiwa gape go lekanya selekanyo sa diporoteine dingwe tse di amanang le bolwetse jwa Alzheimer.
4. Diteko tsa madi: Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng di bontshitse gore diteko dingwe tsa madi di ka thusa go lemoga bolwetse jwa Alzheimer ka go lekanya selekanyo sa diporoteine tse di rileng kgotsa dilo tse di supang gore motho o tshwerwe ke bolwetse jono.
5. Go leka go ntsha bosupi: E re ka go se na tsela e le nngwe fela ya go tlhatlhoba bolwetse jwa Alzheimer, gantsi go tlhatlhoba bolwetse jono go akaretsa go leka go ntsha bosupi jwa dilo tse dingwe tse di ka tswang di baka matshwao a a tshwanang le a bolwetse jwa go latlhegelwa ke tlhaloganyo.
Go botlhokwa go ela tlhoko gore bolwetse jwa Alzheimer bo ka lemogiwa fela morago ga loso ka go tlhatlhoba dithishu tsa boboko.
Le fa go ntse jalo, mekgwa ya gompieno ya go tlhatlhoba bolwetse e ka dira gore motho a tlhomamisege thata ka bolwetse jwa gagwe fa a sa ntse a tshela.
Go botlhokwa gore motho a bone bolwetse jwa gagwe ka bonako gore a kgone go simolola kalafi le go ipaakanyetsa isagwe.
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Rubin R: New Test to Help Diagnose Alzheimer Disease. JAMA. 2022, 327 (23): 2281.
[Blood Based Biomarker for Optimization of Early and Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Dementia]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2022, 90 (7-08): 326-335.
Kapp MB: Physicians' legal duties regarding the use of genetic tests to predict and diagnose Alzheimer disease. J Leg Med. 2000, 21 (4): 445-75.
Britschgi M, Wyss-Coray T: Blood protein signature for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2009, 66 (2): 161-5.
Volicer L, Berman SA, Cipolloni PB, Mandell A: Persistent vegetative state in Alzheimer disease. Does it exist? Arch Neurol. 1997, 54 (11): 1382-4.
Imabayashi E, Saitoh Y, Tsukamoto T, Sakata M, Takano H: Combination of Astrogliosis and Phosphorylated Tau for the Preclinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease Using 3-Dimensional Stereotactic Surface Projection Images With 18 F-THK5351. Clin Nucl Med. 2022, 47 (12): 1066-1068.
Martínez A, Lahiri DK, Giacobini E, Greig NH: Advances in Alzheimer therapy: understanding pharmacological approaches to the disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2009, 6 (2): 83-5.
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['Fa o sa akaretse tshedimosetso yotlhe e e fa godimo e ka nna ya diegisa go sekasekwa ga ngongorego ya gago.']
['Go Ikgolaganya']
['Tsweetswee re romelele imeile ka potso/kgakololo epe fela.']
How is alzheimer diagnosed?
Alzheimer's disease is diagnosed through a combination of methods, including a thorough medical evaluation, cognitive and neuropsychological tests, brain imaging, and the process of elimination of other possible causes.
1. Medical evaluation: A doctor will perform a physical examination and take a detailed medical history to rule out other possible causes of memory loss or cognitive decline, such as thyroid problems, vitamin deficiencies, or brain tumors.
2. Cognitive and neuropsychological tests: These tests assess memory, language, problem-solving, and other cognitive functions to determine the extent of cognitive impairment and to differentiate between normal age-related memory loss and dementia.
3. Brain imaging: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans can help identify structural changes in the brain that may indicate Alzheimer's disease.
Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can also be used to measure the levels of certain proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease.
4. Blood tests: Recent research has shown that certain blood tests can help diagnose Alzheimer's disease by measuring the levels of specific proteins or biomarkers associated with the disease.
5. Process of elimination: Since there is no single definitive test for Alzheimer's disease, diagnosis often involves ruling out other possible causes of dementia-like symptoms.
It is important to note that a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease can only be made after death through an examination of brain tissue.
However, current diagnostic methods can provide a high level of certainty for a clinical diagnosis while the person is still alive.
Early diagnosis is important for starting treatment and planning for the future.
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