Pathophysiology ya go ema pelo, e gape e itsegeng e le myocardial infarction, e akaretsa go kgoreletsega ga go elela ga madi mo karolong ya mosifa wa pelo, go go felelang ka gore disele tsa pelo di swe.
Seno gantsi se direga ka ntlha ya go thibana ga ditshika tsa pelo ka ntlha ya go ruruga ga madi, e leng selo se gantsi se bakwang ke atherosclerosis, bolwetse jo mo go jone plaque e koelanang mo ditshikeng.
Plaque e dirilwe ka kholeseterole, mafura, leswe la disele, calcium le fibrin.
Fa plaque e phatloga, e ka dira gore go nne le madi a a kgomaretseng mo ditshikeng, a a ka thibelang madi a a nang le okosejene gore a se ka a fitlha mo pelong.
Go tlhoka okosejene gono go dira gore disele tsa mesifa ya pelo di swe, mme seo se dira gore motho a tshwarwe ke bolwetse jwa go ema pelo.
Selekanyo sa tshenyo se ikaegile ka bogolo jwa karolo e e fepiwang ke tshikana e e kabetseng le nako e e fetileng fa gare ga tlhaselo le kalafi.
Matshwao a go ema pelo a ka akaretsa go utlwa botlhoko mo sehubeng, go hema ka bonako, go feroga sebete, go nna le sedidi le go utlwa botlhoko mo mabogong, mo thamong, mo leganong kgotsa mo mokwatleng.
Gantsi kalafi ya go ema pelo e akaretsa go busetsa madi mo mesifeng ya pelo ka bonako jo bo ka kgonegang, e ka tswa e le ka melemo kgotsa ka mekgwa e e jaaka angioplasty le stenting kgotsa karo ya go kgaola ditshika tsa pelo.
Go botlhokwa go ela tlhoko gore pathophysiology ya go ema pelo e raraane mme e akaretsa dilo di le dintsi, go akaretsa dijini, mokgwa wa botshelo le dilo tse di amanang le tikologo.
Dilo tse di ka dirang gore motho a tshwarwe ke bolwetse jwa go ema pelo di akaretsa kgatelelo e e kwa godimo ya madi, kholeseterole e e kwa godimo, go goga motsoko, bolwetse jwa sukiri, go nona thata, go sa itshidile mmele le fa mongwe mo lelapeng a kile a tshwarwa ke bolwetse jwa pelo.
Go laola dilo tseno tse di ka bakang bolwetse jwa pelo go ka thusa go fokotsa kgonagalo ya gore motho a tlhaselwe ke bolwetse jono.
Scott J: Pathophysiology and biochemistry of cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2004, 14 (3): 271-9.
Liu Chung Ming C, Sesperez K, Ben-Sefer E, Arpon D, McGrath K, McClements L, Gentile C: Considerations to Model Heart Disease in Women with Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells. 2021, 10 (4): .
Hansen J, Victor RG: Direct measurement of sympathetic activity: new insights into disordered blood pressure regulation in chronic renal failure. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1994, 3 (6): 636-43.
LaMacchia JC, Roth MB: Aquaporins-2 and -4 regulate glycogen metabolism and survival during hyposmotic-anoxic stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015, 309 (2): C92-6.
Tham YK, Bernardo BC, Ooi JY, Weeks KL, McMullen JR: Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: signaling pathways and novel therapeutic targets. Arch Toxicol. 2015, 89 (9): 1401-38.
Lonn E: The clinical relevance of pharmacological blood pressure lowering mechanisms. Can J Cardiol. 2004, 20 Suppl B (): 83B-88B.
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What is pathophysiology of heart attack?
The pathophysiology of a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, involves the disruption of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to the death of heart cells.
This typically occurs due to the obstruction of a coronary artery by a blood clot, which is often the result of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries.
The plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.
When a plaque ruptures, it can cause a blood clot to form, which can block the artery and prevent oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart muscle.
This lack of oxygen causes the heart muscle cells to die, leading to a heart attack.
The extent of the damage depends on the size of the area supplied by the blocked artery and the time between the attack and treatment.
Symptoms of a heart attack can include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
Treatment for a heart attack usually involves restoring blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible, either through medication or procedures such as angioplasty and stenting or coronary artery bypass surgery.
It is important to note that the pathophysiology of a heart attack is complex and involves multiple factors, including genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors.
Risk factors for heart attack include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical activity, and a family history of heart disease.
Managing these risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack.
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