Vuvabyi bya mbilu byi voniwa hi ku kambisisa matimu ya vuvabyi bya muvabyi, ku n'wi kambela ni ku endla minkambisiso yin'wana.
Minkambelo leyi tolovelekeke leyi tirhisiwaka ku kambela vuvabyi bya mbilu yi katsa:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): Nkambisiso lowu wu pima ndlela leyi mbilu yi tirhaka ha yona naswona wu nga ha kombisa ku cinca loku nga ha kombisaka leswaku munhu u khomiwe hi vuvabyi bya mbilu.
2. Minkambisiso ya ngati: Minkambisiso ya ngati yi nga pima mpimo wa ti-enzyme ni tiphroteyini to karhi leti nghenaka engatini loko nsiha wa mbilu wu vavisekile.
Minkambelo ya ngati leyi tolovelekeke swinene leyi tirhisiwaka ku kambela vuvabyi bya mbilu i minkambelo ya troponin ni creatine kinase (CK-MB).
3. Echocardiogram: Nkambisiso lowu wu tirhisa magandlati ya mpfumawulo leswaku wu endla xifaniso xa mbilu leyi tshukatshukaka, leswi nga pfunaka madokodela ku vona ndlela leyi mbilu yi tirhaka ha yona ni ku vona laha yi nga ha vaka yi vavisekile kona.
4. Ku kambela misiha ya mbilu: Nkambisiso lowu wu katsa ku tlhavela dayi emarhumbyini ya mbilu ni ku teka swifaniso swa X-rheyi leswaku ku voniwa loko ku ri ni ku pfaleka kumbe ku khwanyana ka misiha ya mbilu.
5. CT kumbe MRI ya mbilu: Minkambisiso leyi yi nga endla leswaku ku voniwa mbilu ni misiha ya yona ya ngati hi vuxokoxoko, leswi nga pfunaka madokodela ku vona loko yi onhakile kumbe yi pfalekile.
6. Ku kambela mbilu loko yi tshikilelekile: Ku kambela mbilu hi ndlela leyi swi katsa ku endla vutiolori hi muchini wo tsutsuma kumbe hi xikanyakanya lexi nga fambiki loko mbilu ya wena yi ri karhi yi kamberiwa leswaku yi angula njhani loko yi tshikilelekile.
Swi nga pfuna ku vona loko mbilu yi nga tirhi kahle.
7. Ku nghenisiwa ka thumbu ra ngati embilwini: Endlelo leri ri katsa ku nghenisa thumbu ra ngati eka nsiha wa ngati wa voko kumbe nenge kutani ri kongomisiwa embilwini.
Kutani ku cheriwa dayi eka misiha ya mbilu leswaku ku ta voniwa loko yi pfalekile kumbe yi khwanyanile.
Loko madokodela ma kambisisa swikombiso leswi ni leswi munhu a tshameke a va na swona, ma nga kota ku tiva loko a khomiwe hi vuvabyi bya mbilu ni ku n'wi tshungula.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
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['Rungula leri nyikeriweke a ri fanelanga ri tirhisiwa ku kambela kumbe ku tshungula xiphiqo xa rihanyo kumbe vuvabyi, naswona lava lavaka xitsundzuxo xa vutshunguri va fanele va vonana ni dokodela la nga ni mpfumelelo.']
['Xiya leswaku ndlela leyi ti-neural net ti hlamulaka swivutiso ha yona a yi pakanisi ngopfu loko ku vulavuriwa hi tinomboro, to tanihi nhlayo ya vanhu lava khomiweke hi vuvabyi byo karhi.']
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['Ku ala ku byarha vutihlamuleri: mfanelo yo tsala']
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['Loko u tshemba leswaku rungula kumbe swilo leswi kumekaka eka website ya hina kumbe eka mintirho ya hina swi tlula mfanelo ya wena yo endla swilo, wena (kumbe muyimeri wa wena) u nga hi rhumela xitiviso u kombela leswaku rungula kumbe swilo leswi swi susiwa kumbe swi siveriwa.']
['Switiviso swi fanele ku rhumeriwa hi ku tsala hi imeyili (languta eka xiyenge xa "Vuxaka" eka adirese ya imeyili).']
["DMCA yi lava leswaku xitiviso xa wena xa ku tlula nawu wa mfanelo ya ku tsala xi katsa mahungu lawa landzelaka: (1) nhlamuselo ya ntirho lowu nga na mfanelo ya ku tsala lowu ku vuriwaka leswaku wu tluriwile; (2) nhlamuselo ya leswi ku vuriwaka leswaku swi tlula nawu wa ku tsala ni mahungu lama ringaneke ku hi pfumelela ku kuma leswi nga endzeni; (3) mahungu ya ku tihlanganisa na wena, ku katsa ni adirese ya wena, nomboro ya riqingho na adirese ya imeyili; (4) xitiviso xa wena xa leswaku u ni ripfumelo ra leswaku leswi nga endzeni hi ndlela leyi ku vilelaka ha yona a swi pfumeleriwanga hi n'wini wa mfanelo ya ku tsala, kumbe muyimeri wa yena, kumbe hi ku tirha ka nawu wihi na wihi; "]
['(5) xitiyisiso xa wena, lexi sayiniweke ehansi ka nxupulo wa ku hemba, xa leswaku mahungu lama nga eka xitiviso i ntiyiso ni leswaku u na matimba yo tirhisa timfanelo ta vuqambi leti ku vuriwaka leswaku ti tluriwile;']
["na (6) ku sayina ka xiviri kumbe ka elektroniki ka n'wini wa mfanelo ya vuqambi kumbe munhu la pfumeleriweke ku endla hi vito ra n'wini wa mfanelo ya vuqambi. "]
['Loko u nga nghenisi vuxokoxoko hinkwabyo lebyi nga laha henhla swi nga endla leswaku ku tirhana ni xivilelo xa wena swi hlwela.']
['Ku Tihlanganisa']
['Hi kombela u hi rhumela imeyili hi xivutiso/xiringanyeto xihi na xihi.']
How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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