Kasi mungachita wuli kuti muleke kutora kansa ya maphapu?
1. Lekani kukhweŵa panji kuleka kukhweŵa: Kukhweŵa ndiko kukwambiska kansa ya ku maphapu, ntheura kuleka panji kugega kukhweŵa ndiko nkharo yiwemi comene yakukanizgira kansa ya ku maphapu.
2. Lekani kukhweŵa josi la hona: Lekani kukhala pafupi na ŵanthu awo ŵakukhweŵa cifukwa josi la hona lingamupangiskani kuti muŵe na kansa ya ku maphapu.
3. Lekani kuthuta mphepo ya radon: Mphepo ya radon ni mphepo iyo yikupangiska kansa ya ku maphapu.
Manyani usange mu nyumba yinu muli mphepo ya poyizoni uyu, ndipo usange nchakwenelera citanipo kanthu kuti mucepeske mphepo iyi.
4. Lekani kuthuta mphepo ziheni: Mphepo ziheni, comenecomene mu misumba, zikupangiska kansa ya ku maphapu.
Lekani kuluta ku malo agho kuli mphepo ziheni chomene ndipo vwarani chigoba para ntchakukhumbikwa.
5. Lekani kuthuta asbestos na vinthu vinyake ivyo vingapangiska kansa: Para munthu wathuta asbestos, arsenic, nickel, na chromium wangaŵa na kansa ya maphapu.
6. Muryenge vyakurya vyakovwira thupi: Kurya vyakurya vinandi nga ni vipasi, mphangwe, na tirigu kungamovwirani kuti muleke kuŵa na kansa ya ku maphapu.
7. Kucita maseŵero ghakukhozga thupi nyengo zose: Kucita maseŵero ghakukhozga thupi nyengo zose kungatovwira kuti tileke kupwetekeka na kansa ya ku maphapu.
8. Lutilirani kuŵa na thupi liwemi: Para munthu ni muzito comene panji ni mwanalume, wangaŵa na kansa ya ku maphapu.
9. Jitorani katemera wa HPV: Kaŵirikaŵiri munthu wangakoleka na kansa ya ku maphapu cifukwa ca HPV.
10. Kuyezgeka nyengo zose: Para nyengo zose mukwendera dokotala, vingamovwirani kumanya kansa ya ku maphapu apo yicali yambura suzgo.
11. Ghanaghanirani vya kupima kansa ya ku maphapu: Usange pasono mukukhweŵa panji mukacitanga kale hona, dumbiskanani na dokotala winu umo mungacitira kuti mujimanye usange muli na kansa ya ku maphapu.
12. Lekani kuluta ku malo agho ŵakugwiliskira nchito vinthu ivyo vikupangiska munthu kuŵa na dazi: Malo agha ghangawovwira munthu kuti waleke kuŵa na kansa ya ku maphapu.
13. Lekani kumwa comene moŵa: Para munthu wakumwa comene moŵa wangaŵa na kansa ya ku maphapu, ntheura nchakuzirwa kuti waleke kumwa comene.
14. Lekani kucitako vinthu ivyo vingapangiska kansa: Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakugwira nchito za migodi na za visulo, ŵakusuzgika comene na kansa ya ku maphapu cifukwa ca vinthu ivyo vingapangiska kansa.
Para vyaŵa nthena, woneseskani kuti muleke kuŵika chomene munkhwala pa mutu.
15. Manyani ivyo vikucitika: Manyani ivyo ŵasayansi ŵabowozga pa nkhani ya kansa ya ku maphapu ndiposo ivyo ŵangacita kuti ŵaleke kucitika.
Risser NL: Prevention of lung cancer: the key is to stop smoking. Semin Oncol Nurs. 1996, 12 (4): 260-9.
Lim JU, Yoon HK: Narrative review: association between lung cancer development and ambient particulate matter in never-smokers. J Thorac Dis. 2022, 14 (2): 553-563.
Zhang Z, Lu S, Dunmall LSC, Wang Z, Cheng Z, Zhang Z, Yan W, Chu Y, Gao D, Wang N, Li Y, Wang J, Li Y, Ji Y, Shan D, Li K, Wang P, Dong Y, Dong J, Lemoine NR, Pei D, Zhang L, Wang Y: Treatment and Prevention of Lung Cancer Using a Virus-Infected Reprogrammed Somatic Cell-Derived Tumor Cell Vaccination (VIReST) Regime. Front Immunol. 2020, 11 (): 1996.
Astrup AV, Sandström B: [Antioxidative primary prevention with beta-carotene: does it prevent or cause lung cancer and ischemic heart disease in smokers?]. Ugeskr Laeger. 1994, 156 (23): 3510-1.
Shankar A, Dubey A, Saini D, Singh M, Prasad CP, Roy S, Bharati SJ, Rinki M, Singh N, Seth T, Khanna M, Sethi N, Kumar S, Sirohi B, Mohan A, Guleria R, Rath GK: Environmental and occupational determinants of lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2019, 8 (Suppl 1): S31-S49.
Krawczyk P, Duchnowska R, Nicoś M, Kowalski D, Wojas-Krawczyk K: Preventing central nervous system metastases in non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2018, 18 (11): 1077-1083.
Ren G, Ye J, Fan Y, Wang J, Sun Z, Jia H, Du X, Hou C, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhou Q: [Survey and analysis of awareness of lung cancer prevention and control in a LDCT lung cancer screening project in Tianjin Dagang Oilfield of China]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2014, 17 (2): 163-70.
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How to prevent lung cancer?
1. Quit smoking or don't start smoking: Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, so quitting or avoiding smoking is the most important measure to prevent lung cancer.
2. Limit exposure to secondhand smoke: Avoid being around people who are smoking, as secondhand smoke can also increase your risk of lung cancer.
3. Avoid exposure to radon gas: Radon gas is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can cause lung cancer.
Have your home tested for radon levels and take steps to reduce them if necessary.
4. Limit exposure to air pollution: Air pollution, especially in urban areas, can increase the risk of lung cancer.
Try to avoid areas with high levels of air pollution and wear a mask if necessary.
5. Limit exposure to asbestos and other carcinogens: Exposure to asbestos, arsenic, nickel, and chromium can increase the risk of lung cancer.
Take precautions to limit exposure to these substances in the workplace.
6. Eat a healthy diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce the risk of lung cancer.
7. Exercise regularly: Regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of lung cancer.
8. Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of lung cancer, so maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise is important.
9. Get vaccinated against HPV: The human papillomavirus (HPV) can increase the risk of lung cancer, so getting vaccinated can help prevent infection.
10. Regular check-ups: Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help detect lung cancer early, when it is most treatable.
11. Consider lung cancer screening: If you are a current or former heavy smoker, talk to your healthcare provider about lung cancer screening options, such as low-dose computed tomography (CT) scans.
12. Avoid tanning beds: Tanning beds can increase the risk of skin cancer, which can spread to the lungs, so avoiding them can help prevent lung cancer.
13. Limit alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of lung cancer, so limiting alcohol intake is important.
14. Avoid occupational hazards: Certain occupations, such as mining and metalworking, can increase the risk of lung cancer due to exposure to carcinogens.
Take precautions to limit exposure in these situations.
15. Stay informed: Stay up-to-date on the latest research and recommendations for lung cancer prevention and talk to your healthcare provider about any concerns or questions you may have.
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