How is Lung cancer diagnosed?

Báwo ni wọ́n ṣe máa ń ṣàwárí àrùn jẹjẹrẹ ẹ̀dọ̀fóró?

Àwọn àyẹ̀wò àti ìgbésẹ̀ kan ni wọ́n máa ń lò láti ṣàwárí àrùn jẹjẹrẹ ẹdọfóró, èyí tó lè jẹ́:

1. Ìtàn àìsàn àti àyẹ̀wò ara: Dókítà yóò béèrè nípa àwọn àmì tó o ní, ìtàn sìgá mímu, àti ìtàn ìdílé rẹ nípa àrùn jẹjẹrẹ ẹdọfóró.

Wọ́n tún máa ṣe àyẹ̀wò ara láti ṣàyẹ̀wò bóyá àwọn àmì àrùn náà wà.

2. Àyẹ̀wò àwòrán: Wọ́n sábà máa ń lo fídíò X-ray àti fídíò tomography (CT) láti rí àwòrán tó ṣe kúlẹ̀kúlẹ̀ nípa ẹ̀dọ̀fóró àti àwọn ohun tó wà nítòsí rẹ̀.

Àwọn àyẹ̀wò wọ̀nyí lè ràn wá lọ́wọ́ láti ṣàwárí àwọn ohun tí kò bófin mu, irú bí àwọn kòkòrò tàbí àwọn kókó, èyí tó lè fi hàn pé àrùn jẹjẹrẹ ẹdọfóró wà.

3. Àwòrán inú ẹ̀jẹ̀: Wọ́n máa ń lo ẹ̀rọ alágbèéká láti ṣàyẹ̀wò ẹ̀jẹ̀ tó wà nínú ẹ̀jẹ̀ (mucus coughed up from the lungs) láti wá àwọn sẹ́ẹ̀lì àrùn jẹjẹrẹ.

4. Àwòrán ara: Wọ́n máa ń mú àwòkọ́ṣe ara ẹ̀dọ̀ ara kúrò, wọ́n á sì ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ lábẹ́ ẹ̀rọ alágbèéká láti mọ bóyá àwọn sẹ́ẹ̀lì àrùn jẹjẹrẹ wà níbẹ̀.

A lè ṣe èyí nípasẹ̀ bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, tàbí biopsy abẹ.

5. Bronchoscopy: Wọ́n máa ń fi àgbá kan tó ní ìmọ́lẹ̀ àti kámẹ́rà sínú imú tàbí ẹnu, wọ́n á sì gbé e sínú ọrùn kí wọ́n lè ṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn ọ̀nà tí wọ́n fi ń mí afẹ́fẹ́ àti afẹ́fẹ́.

A tún lè lo ìgbésẹ̀ yìí láti gba àwọn àdàkọ iṣan fún àyẹ̀wò biopsy.

6. Fún àwọn sẹ́ẹ̀lì láti ṣe àyẹ̀wò, wọ́n máa ń fi agolo kéékèèké wọ inú kókó tàbí kókó tó wà nínú ẹ̀dọ̀fóró.

7. Thoracentesis: Wọ́n máa ń lo agolo láti mú omi kúrò nínú àlàfo tó wà láàárín ẹ̀dọ̀fóró àti ògiri àyà, wọ́n á sì wá ṣàyẹ̀wò omi náà bóyá ó ní àwọn sẹ́ẹ̀lì àrùn jẹjẹrẹ.

8. Àyẹ̀wò ẹ̀jẹ̀: Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àyẹ̀wò ẹ̀jẹ̀ nìkan kò lè ṣàwárí àrùn jẹjẹrẹ ẹdọfóró, síbẹ̀ wọ́n lè ràn wá lọ́wọ́ láti mọ bí ìlera aláìsàn náà ṣe rí ní gbogbo gbòò, kí wọ́n sì mọ bí àrùn jẹjẹrẹ ṣe lè wà.

9. Àyẹ̀wò egungun, MRI, PET scan, àti àwọn àyẹ̀wò mìíràn: A lè lo àwọn àyẹ̀wò wọ̀nyí láti mọ bóyá àrùn jẹjẹrẹ ti tàn dé àwọn apá mìíràn nínú ara.

Nígbà tí wọ́n bá ti ṣàwárí àrùn jẹjẹrẹ ẹdọfóró, wọ́n lè ṣe àwọn àyẹ̀wò mìíràn láti mọ ibi tí àrùn jẹjẹrẹ náà wà, èyí á sì ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti pinnu bí wọ́n ṣe máa tọ́jú rẹ̀.

Àwọn àyẹ̀wò wọ̀nyí lè ní àwọn àyẹ̀wò àwòrán mìíràn nínú, irú bí àyẹ̀wò CT ti ọpọlọ, àyẹ̀wò egungun, tàbí àyẹ̀wò positron emission tomography (PET).

Àwọn ìtumọ̀

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Zhou P, Lu F, Wang J, Wang K, Liu B, Li N, Tang B: A portable point-of-care testing system to diagnose lung cancer through the detection of exosomal miRNA in urine and saliva. Chem Commun (Camb). 2020, 56 (63): 8968-8971.

Ni J, Guo Z, Zhang L: [The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016, 55 (1): 25-30.

Nishiyama N, Nakatani S, Iwasa R, Taguchi S, Inoue K, Kinoshita H: [Differential diagnosis between peripheral lung cancer invading the chest wall and chest-wall tumors]. Kyobu Geka. 1997, 50 (10): 893-7.

Kang C, Wang D, Zhang X, Wang L, Wang F, Chen J: Construction and Validation of a Lung Cancer Diagnostic Model Based on 6-Gene Methylation Frequency in Blood, Clinical Features, and Serum Tumor Markers. Comput Math Methods Med. 2021, 2021 (): 9987067.

Heydari F, Rafsanjani MK: A Review on Lung Cancer Diagnosis Using Data Mining Algorithms. Curr Med Imaging. 2021, 17 (1): 16-26.

Li L, Feng T, Zhang W, Gao S, Wang R, Lv W, Zhu T, Yu H, Qian B: MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics. 2020, 2020 (): 7415909.

Li B, Yuan Q, Zou YT, Su T, Lin Q, Zhang YQ, Shi WQ, Liang RB, Ge QM, Li QY, Shao Y: CA-125, CA-153, and CYFRA21-1 as clinical indicators in male lung cancer with ocular metastasis. J Cancer. 2020, 11 (10): 2730-2736.

Magee ND, Villaumie JS, Marple ET, Ennis M, Elborn JS, McGarvey JJ: Ex vivo diagnosis of lung cancer using a Raman miniprobe. J Phys Chem B. 2009, 113 (23): 8137-41.

Ìyàsímímọ́: ìtọ́jú ìlera

Oju opo wẹẹbu yii ni a pese fun eto-ẹkọ ati awọn idi alaye nikan ati pe ko ṣe agbekalẹ pese imọran iṣoogun tabi awọn iṣẹ ọjọgbọn.

A ò gbọ́dọ̀ lo ìsọfúnni tó wà nínú ìwé náà láti ṣe àyẹ̀wò tàbí láti wo àìsàn tàbí àìsàn kan wò, àwọn tó bá sì ń wá ìmọ̀ràn nípa ìṣègùn fúnra wọn gbọ́dọ̀ bá dókítà tó ní ìwé àṣẹ sọ̀rọ̀.

Jọwọ ṣe akiyesi nẹtiwọọki neural ti o ṣe agbejade awọn idahun si awọn ibeere, jẹ pataki ti ko tọ nigbati o ba de si akoonu nọmba. Fun apẹẹrẹ, nọmba awọn eniyan ti a ṣe ayẹwo pẹlu aisan kan pato.

Nigbagbogbo wa imọran ti dokita rẹ tabi olupese ilera ti o ni oye miiran nipa ipo iṣoogun kan. Maṣe gbagbe imọran iṣoogun ọjọgbọn tabi idaduro ni wiwa rẹ nitori nkan ti o ti ka lori oju opo wẹẹbu yii. Ti o ba ro pe o le ni pajawiri iṣoogun, pe 911 tabi lọ si yara pajawiri ti o sunmọ julọ lẹsẹkẹsẹ. Ko si ibatan dokita-aisan ti a ṣẹda nipasẹ oju opo wẹẹbu yii tabi lilo rẹ. Bẹni BioMedLib tabi awọn oṣiṣẹ rẹ, tabi ẹnikẹni ti o ṣe alabapin si oju opo wẹẹbu yii, ṣe eyikeyi awọn aṣoju, ṣalaye tabi tumọ, pẹlu ọwọ si alaye ti a pese nibi tabi lilo rẹ.

Ìyàsímímọ́: ẹ̀tọ́ ọmọnìyàn

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) n pese atunṣe fun awọn onihun aṣẹ-aṣẹ ti o gbagbọ pe ohun elo ti o han lori Intanẹẹti ṣe ilokulo awọn ẹtọ wọn labẹ ofin aṣẹ-aṣẹ AMẸRIKA.

Ti o ba gbagbọ ni igbagbọ to dara pe eyikeyi akoonu tabi ohun elo ti o wa ni asopọ pẹlu oju opo wẹẹbu wa tabi awọn iṣẹ ṣe ilokulo aṣẹ-aṣẹ rẹ, iwọ (tabi aṣoju rẹ) le firanṣẹ akiyesi kan si wa ti o beere pe a yọ akoonu tabi ohun elo naa kuro, tabi idilọwọ iraye si rẹ.

A gbọdọ firanṣẹ awọn iwifunni ni kikọ nipasẹ imeeli (wo abala "Ibaṣepọ" fun adirẹsi imeeli).

DMCA nilo pe akiyesi rẹ ti ilokulo aṣẹ-aṣẹ ti a fi ẹsun kan pẹlu alaye wọnyi: (1) apejuwe ti iṣẹ ti o ni aṣẹ-aṣẹ ti o jẹ koko-ọrọ ti ilokulo ti a fi ẹsun kan; (2) apejuwe ti akoonu ti a fi ẹsun kan ati alaye ti o to lati gba wa laaye lati wa akoonu naa; (3) alaye olubasọrọ fun ọ, pẹlu adirẹsi rẹ, nọmba foonu ati adirẹsi imeeli; (4) alaye nipasẹ rẹ pe o ni igbagbọ rere pe akoonu ni ọna ti o ni ẹsun ti ko ni aṣẹ nipasẹ eni aṣẹ-aṣẹ, tabi aṣoju rẹ, tabi nipasẹ iṣẹ ti ofin eyikeyi;

(5) ìpolongo kan láti ọ̀dọ̀ rẹ, tí o fìdí rẹ̀ múlẹ̀ lábẹ́ ìjìyà ẹ̀rí èké, pé ìsọfúnni tó wà nínú ìkéde náà tọ̀nà àti pé o ní àṣẹ láti mú kí àwọn ẹ̀tọ́ ọmọnìyàn tí wọ́n sọ pé wọ́n ti rú ṣẹ ṣẹ;

ati (6) ibuwọlu ti ara tabi itanna ti ẹni ti o ni aṣẹ tabi eniyan ti o ni aṣẹ lati ṣiṣẹ ni orukọ ẹni ti o ni aṣẹ.

Ti o ko ba ṣafikun gbogbo alaye ti o wa loke le ja si idaduro ti ṣiṣe ẹdun rẹ.

Ìfọ̀rọ̀wérọ̀

Jọwọ fi imeeli ranṣẹ si wa pẹlu eyikeyi ibeere / imọran.

How is lung cancer diagnosed?

Lung cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:

1. Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and family history of lung cancer.

They will also perform a physical examination to check for any signs of the disease.

2. Imaging tests: Chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to create detailed images of the lungs and surrounding structures.

These tests can help detect abnormalities, such as tumors or nodules, that may indicate the presence of lung cancer.

3. Sputum cytology: A sample of your sputum (mucus coughed up from the lungs) is examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.

4. Biopsy: A sample of lung tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.

This can be done through a bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgical biopsy.

5. Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the nose or mouth and down the throat to examine the airways and lungs.

This procedure can also be used to collect tissue samples for biopsy.

6. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): A thin needle is inserted into the lung nodule or mass to collect a sample of cells for examination.

7. Thoracentesis: Fluid is removed from the space between the lungs and chest wall using a needle, and the fluid is then examined for cancer cells.

8. Blood tests: While blood tests alone cannot diagnose lung cancer, they can help determine the overall health of the patient and identify any abnormalities that may indicate the presence of cancer.

9. Bone scan, mri, pet scan, and other tests: These tests may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Once lung cancer is diagnosed, additional tests may be performed to determine the stage of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.

These tests may include more imaging tests, such as a CT scan of the brain, bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET) scan.

Disclaimer: medical

This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.

The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.

Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.

Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. No physician-patient relationship is created by this web site or its use. Neither BioMedLib nor its employees, nor any contributor to this web site, makes any representations, express or implied, with respect to the information provided herein or to its use.

Disclaimer: copyright

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the “DMCA”) provides recourse for copyright owners who believe that material appearing on the Internet infringes their rights under U.S. copyright law. If you believe in good faith that any content or material made available in connection with our website or services infringes your copyright, you (or your agent) may send us a notice requesting that the content or material be removed, or access to it blocked. Notices must be sent in writing by email (see 'Contact' section for email address) . The DMCA requires that your notice of alleged copyright infringement include the following information: (1) description of the copyrighted work that is the subject of claimed infringement; (2) description of the alleged infringing content and information sufficient to permit us to locate the content; (3) contact information for you, including your address, telephone number and email address; (4) a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the content in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, or its agent, or by the operation of any law; (5) a statement by you, signed under penalty of perjury, that the information in the notification is accurate and that you have the authority to enforce the copyrights that are claimed to be infringed; and (6) a physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf. Failure to include all of the above information may result in the delay of the processing of your complaint.