1. 身體檢查:醫生會進行身體檢查,檢查是否有任何異常或疾病跡象.
2. 血液檢查: 血液檢查可以幫助確定血液中是否有任何異常,可能表明癌症的存在.
3. 大便檢查: 大便檢查可以檢查大便中是否有血,這可能是結腸癌的跡象.
4. 大腸視鏡: 呢種手術係用一個細嘅,柔軟嘅管子 插入直腸,上面有燈同相機 嚟檢查大腸.
喺結腸鏡檢查過程中,醫生亦可以採取組織樣本 (生殖組織) 嚟檢查癌細胞.
5. sigmoidoscopy: 同 colonoscopy 一樣, sigmoidoscopy 檢查結腸嘅下部.
6. 虛擬結腸鏡:呢個係結腸嘅CT掃描, 製造結腸同直腸嘅三維圖像.
7.
8. 雙對比
9. 活检: 活检是从结肠中取出少量组织以在显微镜下检查,以确定是否存在癌细胞.
10. 影像檢查: CT 掃描,MRI 掃描,胸部X射線都可以用嚟判斷癌症是否已經擴散到身體其他部位.
一旦診斷出大腸癌,醫生會確定癌症嘅階段, 幫助決定最佳嘅治療方案.
診斷嘅階段取決於腫瘤嘅大小同位置 同埋腫瘤是否已經擴散到身體其他部位
PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html
RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116
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Khan FA, Albalawi R, Pottoo FH: Trends in targeted delivery of nanomaterials in colon cancer diagnosis and treatment. Med Res Rev. 2022, 42 (1): 227-258.
Shi J, Fei J, Yi Q, Shen L, Wan B, Chen Y, Chang Q: Treatment of colon cancer in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report. BMC Cancer. 2018, 18 (1): 961.
Ren QG, Huang T, Yang SL, Hu JL: Colon cancer metastasis to the mandibular gingiva with partial occult squamous differentiation: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol. 2017, 6 (2): 189-192.
Feng HT, Zou S, Chen M, Xiong F, Lee MH, Fang L, Tang BZ: Tuning Push-Pull Electronic Effects of AIEgens to Boost the Theranostic Efficacy for Colon Cancer. J Am Chem Soc. 2020, 142 (26): 11442-11450.
Slattery ML, Kerber RA: The impact of family history of colon cancer on survival after diagnosis with colon cancer. Int J Epidemiol. 1995, 24 (5): 888-96.
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Colon cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Physical examination: A doctor will perform a physical examination to check for any abnormalities or signs of illness.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can help determine if there are any abnormalities in the blood that may indicate the presence of cancer.
3. Stool tests: A stool test can detect the presence of blood in the stool, which may be a sign of colon cancer.
4. Colonoscopy: This is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end is inserted into the rectum to examine the colon.
During a colonoscopy, the doctor can also take tissue samples (biopsies) to be examined for cancer cells.
5. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy, a sigmoidoscopy examines the lower part of the colon.
6. Virtual colonoscopy: This is a CT scan of the colon that creates a 3D image of the colon and rectum.
7. Fecal occult blood test: This test checks for the presence of blood in the stool, which may indicate the presence of cancer.
8. Double-contrast barium enema: This is an x-ray examination of the colon and rectum, in which a contrast material is used to highlight any abnormalities.
9. Biopsy: A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue from the colon for examination under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
10. Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and chest x-rays may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of colon cancer is made, the doctor will determine the stage of the cancer, which helps determine the best course of treatment.
Staging is based on the size and location of the tumor, as well as whether it has spread to other parts of the body.
This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.
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Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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