糖尿病的危險因素有哪些?
糖尿病的危險因素有許多,
1. 糖尿病家族史:有父母或兄弟患有糖尿病的人,
2. 年齡:患2型糖尿病的風險隨著年齡增長而增加,
3. 體重:超重或肥胖會增加你的風險.
缺乏運動可能增加風險.
某些族群如非裔美國人,西班牙裔美國人,原住民美國人及亞裔美國人,
懷孕期糖尿病:懷孕期間患有妊娠期糖尿病的女性,
患有多囊卵巢症候群的女性更有可能患上2型糖尿病.
代謝症候群:包括高血壓,高膽固醇和腰圍大等多種疾病,
吸煙可能會增加胰島素抵抗力,
糖尿病前期:糖尿病前期或血糖水平高於正常水平,
11. 低出生體重:低出生體重的嬰兒在以後更有可能患上2型糖尿病.
12. 高血壓:高血壓增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
糖尿病患者通常是因為飲食習慣或飲食習慣而有所不同,
14. 睡眠呼吸暫停症:睡眠暫停症患者罹患第二型糖尿病的風險更高.
15. 壓力:慢性壓力可能增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
16. 某些藥物:某些藥物如類固醇和抗精神病藥物,
慢性炎症可能增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
18. 久坐不動:久坐不動可能增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
吃高脂肪,高熱量的食物:食用高不健康脂肪和高熱量的食物,
酒精攝取量:過度攝取酒精會增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
21. 睡眠不足:睡眠不足可能增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
暴露於空氣污染中可能增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
23. 某些感染:某些感染,
血糖中高水平的氨基酸可能會增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
尿酸含量高:尿酸含量高可能增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
抗體對糖尿病的作用並不僅限於糖尿病患者本身,
血糖中含有大量的纖維蛋白原:
血凝蛋白質中PAI-1含量高的人,
血糖含量高:血糖含量高可增加患2型糖尿病的風險.
抗胰島素的高水平:高水平的抗胰島素,
['其他資料']
PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html
RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116
King WM, Saseen JJ, Anderson SL: Characterization of diabetes risk factors in patients prescribed chronic statin therapy. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2014, 5 (5): 206-11.
Bielinski SJ, Pankow JS, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Bailey K, Li M, Selvin E, Couper D, Vazquez G, Brancati F: Strength of association for incident diabetes risk factors according to diabetes case definitions: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2012, 175 (5): 466-72.
Gangwisch JE, Gross R, Malaspina D: Differential Associations Between Depression, Risk Factors for Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Incidence in a Large U.S. Sample. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2015, 52 (2): 85-90.
Leiva AM, Martínez MA, Petermann F, Garrido-Méndez A, Poblete-Valderrama F, Díaz-Martínez X, Celis-Morales C: [Risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes in Chile]. Nutr Hosp. 2018, 35 (2): 400-407.
Chatterjee R, Maruthur NM, Edelman D: Novel Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in African-Americans. Curr Diab Rep. 2015, 15 (12): 103.
Higa S, Maesato A, Ishigaki S, Suenari K, Chen YJ, Chen SA: Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders (Hyperthyroidism/Hypothyroidism) as Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2021, 13 (1): 63-75.
Brodalko B: [Diabetes risk factors in the Regional Railway Hospital in Lublin, described on the basis of medical documentation]. Wiad Lek. 2000, 53 (5-6): 255-61.
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What are the risk factors for diabetes?
There are several risk factors for diabetes, including:
1. Family history: Having a parent or sibling with diabetes increases your risk.
2. Age: The risk of type 2 diabetes increases as you get older, especially after age 45.
3. Weight: Being overweight or obese increases your risk.
4. Physical inactivity: Lack of exercise can increase your risk.
5. Race or ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans, have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
6. Gestational diabetes: Women who have had gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Women with this condition have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
8. Metabolic syndrome: This cluster of conditions, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and large waist circumference, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.
9. Smoking: Smoking can increase insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes.
10. Prediabetes: Having prediabetes, or higher than normal blood sugar levels, increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
11. Low birth weight: Babies with low birth weight have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
12. High blood pressure: Having high blood pressure increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
13. Abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels: High levels of triglycerides and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
14. Sleep apnea: People with sleep apnea have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
15. Stress: Chronic stress can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
16. Certain medications: Some medications, such as steroids and antipsychotics, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
17. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
18. Sedentary lifestyle: A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
19. High-fat, high-calorie diet: Consuming a diet high in unhealthy fats and calories can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
20. Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
21. Sleep deprivation: Inadequate sleep can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
22. Air pollution: Exposure to air pollution can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
23. Certain infections: Certain infections, such as hepatitis C, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
24. High levels of homocysteine: High levels of homocysteine, an amino acid, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
25. High levels of uric acid: High levels of uric acid, a waste product, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
26. High levels of C-reactive protein: High levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
27. High levels of fibrinogen: High levels of fibrinogen, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
28. High levels of PAI-1: High levels of PAI-1, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
29. High levels of leptin: High levels of leptin, a hormone involved in appetite regulation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
30. High levels of resistin: High levels of resistin, a hormone involved in insulin resistance, can increase the risk of developing
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