Patofisiologi kanker prostat mengacu bak mekanisme dan proses yang mendasari yang mengarah bak perkembangan dan perkembangan peunyaket.
Kanker prostat adalah tumor ganas yang timbul dari sel kelenjar prostat, yang merupakan organ ubit berbentuk kenari yang na di baroh kandung kemih bak ureung agam.
Kelenjar prostat geu produksi cairan mani, yang geu gizi dan geu angkot sperma
Penyebab pasti kanker prostat hana ji pahami seugelintir jih, tapi padum-padum boh faktor dituri untuk ji tingkatkan resiko ji kembangkan peunyaket nyan.
Nyoe termasuk umu, riwayat keluarga, ras, dan mutasi genetik terteunte.
Kanker prostat leubeh umum bak ureung agam nyang leubeh tuha, ngen mayoritas kasus terjadi bak ureung agam yang leubeh umu 65 thon.
Seulaen nyan, ureng agam yang na riwayat keluarga kanker prostat leubeh beresiko, lage ureng Afrika Amerika dan ureng keturunan Karibia.
Patofisiologi kanker prostat melibatkan pertumbuhan dan pembagian sel nyang hana terkontrol lam kelenjar prostat.
Nyo jeut terjadi kareuna mutasi genetik nyang jeut keu ekspresi berlebihan faktor pertumbuhan tertentu atau inaktivasi gen supresor tumor.
Mutasi nyo jeut mengakibatkan pertumbuhan sel yang hana terkontrol, yang jeut keu pembentukan tumor.
Wate tumor tumbuh, jeut menyerang jaringan ngen organ yang na di toe jih, lage kandung kemih, rektum, ngen kelenjar getah bening yang na di toe jih.
Lam padum kasus, sel kanker jeut meupisah dari tumor primer dan menyebar ke bagian laen tuboh melalui aliran darah atau sistem limfatik, proses yang dituri seubagai metastasis.
Watee kanker ka ji sebar, jeut leubeh sulet untuk ji peu ubat.
Kanker prostat jeut chit dipengaruhi le faktor hormon, terutama hormon androgen testosteron.
Testosteron jeut geu stimulasi pertumbuhan sel kanker prostat, dan le pengobatan untuk kanker prostat geu tuju untuk geu kurangi tingkat hormon nyo atau geu blok efek jih.
Seucara ringkes, patofisiologi kanker prostat melibatkan pertumbuhan dan pembelahan sel yang hana terkontrol lam kelenjar prostat, yang jeut dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik, hormon, dan lingkungan.
Meuphom mekanisme yang mendasari peunyaket nyoe sangat peunteng untuk mengembangkan perawatan yang efektif dan meningkatkan hasil untuk pasien deungen kanker prostat.
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Lim HY, Agarwal AM, Agarwal N, Ward JH: Recurrent epistaxis as a presenting sign of androgen-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. Singapore Med J. 2009, 50 (5): e178-80.
Kohli M, Qin R, Jimenez R, Dehm SM: Biomarker-based targeting of the androgen-androgen receptor axis in advanced prostate cancer. Adv Urol. 2012, 2012 (): 781459.
Nelson JB, Hedican SP, George DJ, Reddi AH, Piantadosi S, Eisenberger MA, Simons JW: Identification of endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (9): 944-9.
Msaouel P, Nandikolla G, Pneumaticos SG, Koutsilieris M: Bone microenvironment-targeted manipulations for the treatment of osteoblastic metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013, 22 (11): 1385-400.
Kotani K, Sekine Y, Ishikawa S, Ikpot IZ, Suzuki K, Remaley AT: High-density lipoprotein and prostate cancer: an overview. J Epidemiol. 2013, 23 (5): 313-9.
Jadvar H: Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: a concise synopsis. Mol Imaging. , 8 (2): 56-64.
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What is pathophysiology of prostate cancer?
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease.
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-shaped organ located below the bladder in men.
The prostate gland produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
The exact cause of prostate cancer is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include age, family history, race, and certain genetic mutations.
Prostate cancer is more common in older men, with the majority of cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
Additionally, men with a family history of prostate cancer are at an increased risk, as are African American men and men of Caribbean descent.
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.
This can occur due to genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of certain growth factors or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
These mutations can result in the unregulated growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor.
As the tumor grows, it can invade nearby tissues and organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and nearby lymph nodes.
In some cases, cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.
Once the cancer has spread, it can be more difficult to treat.
Prostate cancer can also be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly the androgen hormone testosterone.
Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells, and many treatments for prostate cancer aim to reduce the levels of this hormone or block its effects.
In summary, the pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland, which can be influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments and improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.
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