How is Heart attack diagnosed?

Bagaimana cara mendiagnosis serangan jantung?

Serangan jantung didiagnosis melalui kombinasi riwayat medis pasien, pemeriksaan fisik, wan tes diagnostik.

tes diagnostik nang paling umum dipakai gasan mendiagnosis serangan jantung temasuk:

1. Elektrocardiogram (EKG): Tes ini mengukur aktivitas listrik jantung dan dapat mendeteksi kelainan yang mungkin menandakan serangan jantung.

2. Tes darah: Tes darah kawa meukur tingkat enzim wan protein tertentu nang dilapasakan ke aliran darah pas otot jantung rusak.

tes darah nang paling umum dipakai gasan mendiagnosis serangan jantung adalah tes troponin lawan creatine kinase (CK-MB).

3. Ekokardiogram: Tes ini memakai gelombang suara gasan meulah gambar jantung nang begerak, nang kawa membantu dokter menilai fungsi jantung wan mengidentifikasi area kerusakan.

4. Angiografi koroner: Tes ini malibatakan suntikan zat warna ke dalam arteri koroner wan maambil gambar sinar-X gasan mengidentifikasi penyumbatan atawa penyempitan arteri.

5. CT atau MRI jantung: Tes pencitraan ini kawa membariakan gambar rinci jantung wan pembuluh darahnya, nang kawa membantu dokter mengidentifikasi kerusakan atau penyumbatan.

6. Tes stres: tes ini malibatakan latihan di treadmill atawa sapeda stasioner sambil jantung dipantau gasan malihat kaya apa responnya gasan stres.

kawa membantu mengidentifikasi kelainan fungsi jantung.

7. Kateterisasi jantung: Tes invasif ini malibatakan mamasukakan kateter ke pembuluh darah di lengan atawa kaki wan mamanduakan ke jantung.

Pewarna imbahtu disuntikakan ke arteri koroner gasan mengidentifikasi penyumbatan atawa penyempitan.

Kombinasi tes ini, beserta gejala pasien lawan riwayat medis, kawa membantu dokter mendiagnosis serangan jantung lawan menentukan perawatan nang paling baik.

['Rujukan nang lain']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.

Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.

Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.

New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.

Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.

Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.

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How is heart attack diagnosed?

A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.

The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.

2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.

The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.

3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.

4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.

5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.

6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.

It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.

7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.

Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.

A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.

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