Kanser ya prostate kakuyisoloka ha yimwe yilinga yize mahasa kulinga, ngwe:
1. Kuzachisa makina hanga akuhwise hanji amone hanji te uli ni kapinda: Ndotolo kakuzachisa makina hanga akuhwise hanji amone hanji te uli ni kapinda.
2. Kuhehwojola cha Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA): Chino chili kuhengwola manyinga chize chakukwasa kunyingika unji wa proteina yize yakupwa ha prostate.
Kuhona kupwa ni PSA mu mijimba che chinasolola ngwo uli ni kansa.
Chino muchihasa kutukwasa kunyingika nyi kuli uhenge mu prostate gland.
4. Kuzachisa makina akutala yize yili ha mujimba (biopsia): Kakukwata yimwe ha mujimba wa prostate ni kuyimona ha microscope hanga usolole nyi muli maselusi a cancer.
Chino chili jila yimuwika yize akuzachisa hanga awane kansa ya prostate.
5. Ulo wa MRI: Ulo wa MRI mu prostate muuhasa kukwasa hanga unyingike yize yili ni yikola ni kukwasa ha kuchiza yitumbo.
6. Kuhengwola cha ma DNA: Yimwe mandotolo kakuzachisa ma DNA hanga ahase kuhengwola kansa ni kuchiza yitumbo.
7. Shimbi ya kufupa: Shimbi ya kufupa mahasa kuyimona hanga amone nyi yikola yacho yikwasa mu yifupa.
Chili chilemu kunyingika ngwo hi malunga eswe akwete manyinga a PSA hanji akwete manyinga a DRE waze keshi apema waze akwete kansa ya prostate, nawa hi eswe waze akwete kansa ya prostate waze akwete manyinga a PSA.
Kashika, uhashi wa kuchiza yitumbo ha mujimba watamba kupwa ni ushindakenyo.
Nawa, akwa-kuzachisa mandotolo kakutala kanawa yize mamona ha mandotolo ni yize mutu anazange.
Saldova R, Fan Y, Fitzpatrick JM, Watson RW, Rudd PM: Core fucosylation and alpha2-3 sialylation in serum N-glycome is significantly increased in prostate cancer comparing to benign prostate hyperplasia. Glycobiology. 2011, 21 (2): 195-205.
Marenco J, Kasivisvanathan V, Emberton M: New standards in prostate biopsy. Arch Esp Urol. 2019, 72 (2): 142-149.
Moradi M, Mousavi P, Abolmaesumi P: Computer-aided diagnosis of prostate cancer with emphasis on ultrasound-based approaches: a review. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2007, 33 (7): 1010-28.
Cuperlovic-Culf M, Belacel N, Davey M, Ouellette RJ: Multi-gene biomarker panel for reference free prostate cancer diagnosis: determination and independent validation. Biomarkers. 2010, 15 (8): 693-706.
McGrath SE, Michael A, Morgan R, Pandha H: EN2: a novel prostate cancer biomarker. Biomark Med. 2013, 7 (6): 893-901.
An Y, Chang W, Wang W, Wu H, Pu K, Wu A, Qin Z, Tao Y, Yue Z, Wang P, Wang Z: A novel tetrapeptide fluorescence sensor for early diagnosis of prostate cancer based on imaging Zn2+ in healthy versus cancerous cells. J Adv Res. 2020, 24 (): 363-370.
[Consensus of Chinese experts on the application of molecular imaging targeting prostate specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2018, 56 (2): 91-94.
Zhong WD, He HC, Bi XC, Ou RB, Jiang SA, Liu LS: cDNA macroarray for analysis of gene expression profiles in prostate cancer. Chin Med J (Engl). 2006, 119 (7): 570-3.
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['(5) Sango jize yena musoneka, ni shimbi jize makahana, ngwo sango jize jili ha mukanda jili ja umwenemwene nawa uli ni ulite wakukwasa hanga akwa-kusoneka afunge shimbi jize anakwambulula ngwo jinalitepulula;']
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Prostate cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel the prostate for any abnormalities.
2. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: This is a blood test that measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate gland.
Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of prostate cancer.
3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): A small probe is inserted into the rectum to create an image of the prostate using sound waves.
This can help identify any abnormalities in the prostate gland.
4. Biopsy: A small sample of prostate tissue is removed and examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells.
This is the only definitive way to diagnose prostate cancer.
5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI scan of the prostate can help identify any abnormalities and guide the biopsy procedure.
6. Genomic Testing: Some doctors may use genomic tests to help determine the aggressiveness of the cancer and guide treatment decisions.
7. Bone Scan: A bone scan may be performed to check if the cancer has spread to the bones.
8. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan may be used to check if the cancer has spread to other organs or tissues.
It is important to note that not all men with elevated PSA levels or abnormal DRE results will have prostate cancer, and not all prostate cancers will cause elevated PSA levels.
Therefore, a biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Additionally, the decision to undergo a biopsy is made after considering the results of these tests and the individual's risk factors and preferences.
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