What are the risk factors for Depression?

Zeintzuk dira depresioaren arrisku-faktoreak?

Hainbat arrisku-faktore daude depresioa izateko probabilitatea handitu dezaketenak, besteak beste:

1. Genetika: Depresioaren historia familiarra egoerak gaixotasuna garatzeko arriskua handitu dezake.

2. Garuneko kimika: Garuneko zenbait gai kimikoen desoreka, hala nola serotonina, norepinefrina eta dopamina, depresioari eragin diezaiokete.

3. Nortasun ezaugarriak: Nortasun ezaugarri jakin batzuk dituzten pertsonek, hala nola autoestimu baxua, pesimismoa edo neure burua gehiegi kritikatzea, depresioa izateko joera handiagoa izan dezakete.

4. Bizitzako gertaerak: Bizitzako gertaera traumatiko edo estresagarriak, hala nola senide baten heriotza, dibortzioa, arazo ekonomikoak edo lana galtzea, depresioa eragin dezakete.

5. Osasun-arazoak: Osasun-arazo batzuek, hala nola min kronikoak, minbizia edo bihotzeko gaixotasunak, depresioaren arriskua handitu dezakete.

6. Botikak: Botika batzuek, hala nola esteroideek edo odol-presioaren aurkako botikek, depresioaren arriskua handitu dezakete.

7. Substantzien gehiegikeria: Alkoholaren edo drogen gehiegikeriak depresioaren garapenean lagundu dezake.

8. Adina: Depresioa edozein adinetan ager daiteke, baina ohikoagoa da nerabeetan eta heldu gazteetan.

9. Generoa: Emakumeek gizonek baino joera handiagoa dute depresioa jasateko, beharbada faktore hormonalak eta presio sozialak direla eta.

10. Isolamendu soziala: Laguntza sozialaren edo kide izatearen sentsazioaren faltak depresioaren arriskua handitu dezake.

Garrantzitsua da kontuan hartzea arrisku-faktore horietako bat edo gehiago izateak ez duela bermatzen pertsona batek depresioa garatuko duenik, eta arrisku-faktore bat ez izateak ez du esan nahi pertsona batek ez duela inoiz depresioa jasango duenik.

Garrantzitsua da laguntza profesionala eskatzea depresioaren sintomak baldin badituzu.

Erreferentziak

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Schaakxs R, Comijs HC, van der Mast RC, Schoevers RA, Beekman ATF, Penninx BWJH: Risk Factors for Depression: Differential Across Age? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2017, 25 (9): 966-977.

Heun R, Hein S: Risk factors of major depression in the elderly. Eur Psychiatry. 2005, 20 (3): 199-204.

Leentjens AF, Lousberg R, Verhey FR: Markers for depression in Parkinson's disease. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2002, 106 (3): 196-201.

Reinherz HZ, Giaconia RM, Hauf AM, Wasserman MS, Paradis AD: General and specific childhood risk factors for depression and drug disorders by early adulthood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000, 39 (2): 223-31.

Gangwisch JE, Gross R, Malaspina D: Differential Associations Between Depression, Risk Factors for Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Incidence in a Large U.S. Sample. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2015, 52 (2): 85-90.

Song SJ, Ziegler R, Arsenault L, Fried LE, Hacker K: Asian student depression in American high schools: differences in risk factors. J Sch Nurs. 2011, 27 (6): 455-62.

Stewart R, Prince M, Mann A, Richards M, Brayne C: Stroke, vascular risk factors and depression: Cross-sectional study in a UK Caribbean-born population. Br J Psychiatry. 2001, 178 (1): 23-8.

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What are the risk factors for depression?

There are several risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing depression, including:

1. Genetics: A family history of depression can increase the risk of developing the condition.

2. Brain chemistry: Imbalances in certain chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, can contribute to depression.

3. Personality: People with certain personality traits, such as low self-esteem, pessimism, or being overly self-critical, may be more prone to developing depression.

4. Life events: Traumatic or stressful life events, such as the death of a loved one, divorce, financial problems, or job loss, can trigger depression.

5. Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as chronic pain, cancer, or heart disease, can increase the risk of depression.

6. Medications: Some medications, such as steroids or blood pressure medications, can increase the risk of depression.

7. Substance abuse: Alcohol or drug abuse can contribute to the development of depression.

8. Age: Depression can occur at any age, but it is more common in teenagers and young adults.

9. Gender: Women are more likely to experience depression than men, possibly due to hormonal factors and social pressures.

10. Social isolation: Lack of social support or a sense of belonging can increase the risk of depression.

It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not guarantee that a person will develop depression, and not having any risk factors does not mean that a person will never experience depression.

It is essential to seek professional help if you are experiencing symptoms of depression.

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