E levu na ka e rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto, wili kina:
1. iTabaqase: E dau tubu na kena rawa ni tauvi iko na mateniuto ni toso na yabaki, vakauasivi ni o sa yabaki 45 se sivia.
2. Na levu ni cholesterol: Na levu ni LDL (ca) cholesterol kei na lailai ni HDL (vinaka) cholesterol e rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto.
3. Na tubunidra: Ke sega ni lewai vinaka na tubunidra, ena rawa ni vakaleqa na salanidra qai rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto.
4. Matenisuka: E rawarawa sara nira tauvi mateniuto o ira na matenisuka ni rawa ni vakaleqa na salanidra na levu ni suka e tiko ena nodra dra.
5. Na levulevu sivia: Na levulevu sivia e rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto kei na matenisuka.
6. Sega ni vakaukauayago: Na lailai ni vakaukauayago e rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto, qai rawa ni vakavuna tale ga na mateniuto.
7. Vakatavako: E rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto na vakatavako, ni vakacacana na salanidra qai vakavuna me cevata na dra.
8. iTukutuku ni vuvale: Ke tauvi ira na vuvale na mateniuto, e rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto.
9. Atrial fibrillation: Oqo na kena sega ni cakacaka vinaka na uto, e rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto kei na strouk.
10. Mateniuto se strouk: O ira na tauvi ira oti na mateniuto se strouk e rawarawa sara mera na tauvi ira tale.
11. Lomaocaoca: Na lomaocaoca e sega ni oti rawa e rawa ni vakavuna na mateniuto, qai rawa ni vakavuna tale ga na mateniuto.
12. iTuvaki ni yago e dau vakaleqa na sotia ni yago: Na mate me vaka na lupus kei na rheumatoid arthritis e rawa ni vakavuna na kena tauvi ira vakalevu na yalewa na mateniuto.
13. Na leqa ni bula e vu mai na bukete: O ira na yalewa era tauvi matenisuka se tubunidra ena gauna era bukete tiko kina, e rawarawa sara nira na tauvi mateniuto ena gauna era sa qase kina.
14. Na lailai ni estrogen: E lailai na estrogen ena yagodra na yalewa sa cegu na nodra matenivula se sa sele na katonigone, e rawa ni vakavuna me tauvi ira vakalevu na mateniuto ni vakatauvatani kei ira na yalewa era se sega ni cegu na nodra matenivula.
E bibi me nanumi ni so na ka e rawa ni vakavuna na mate, me vaka na yabaki ni bula kei na itukutuku ni vuvale, e sega ni rawa ni veisautaki, ia e levu tale e rawa ni wali ena veisau ni ivakarau ni bula kei na veiqaravi vakavuniwai.
Na nomu dau dikevi vakavuniwai, kania na kakana bulabula, vakaukauayago, kua ni vakatavako, qai qarauna na mate e sega ni wali rawa me vaka na tubunidra kei na matenisuka, ena rawa ni vakalailaitaka na kena rawa ni tauvi iko na mateniuto.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
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['Veitaratara']
['Yalovinaka vakauta mai na imeli ena dua na taro se vakatutu.']
What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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['Rauta na']
['Na BioMedLib e vakayagataka na kompiuta (machine-learning algorithms) me bulia na taro kei na kena isau.']
['Eda tekivu ena 35 na milioni na ivola vakavuniwai e tabaki ena PubMed/Medline, kei na tabana ni RefinedWeb.']
