1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): Nnyocha a na-atụle ọrụ eletriki nke obi ma nwee ike ịchọpụta ihe ndị na-adịghị mma nke pụrụ igosi ọrịa obi.
2. Nnyocha ọbara: Nnyocha ọbara pụrụ ịtụle ọkwa nke ụfọdụ enzymes na protein ndị a na-ewepụta n'ọbara mgbe akwara obi mebiri emebi.
Nnyocha ọbara a na-ejikarị eme ihe iji chọpụta ọrịa obi bụ ule troponin na creatine kinase (CK-MB).
3. Echocardiogram: Nnyocha a na-eji ebili mmiri ụda emepụta ihe oyiyi na-agagharị agagharị nke obi, bụ́ nke pụrụ inyere ndị dọkịta aka ịtụle ọrụ obi na ịchọpụta ebe ọ bụla o mebiri emebi.
4. Coronary angiography: Nnyocha a na-agụnye ịgba ihe na-acha odo odo n'ime akwara akwara akwara ma were ihe osise X-ray iji chọpụta ihe mgbochi ma ọ bụ mkpụmkpụ nke akwara akwara.
5. CT ma ọ bụ MRI nke obi: Nnyocha ihe osise ndị a pụrụ inye nkọwa zuru ezu banyere obi na akwara ọbara ya, bụ́ nke pụrụ inyere ndị dọkịta aka ịchọpụta mmebi ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi ọ bụla.
6. Nnwale nrụgide: Nnwale a na-agụnye mmega ahụ n'elu tebụl ịgba ọsọ ma ọ bụ ịnyịnya ígwè mgbe a na-enyocha obi iji hụ otú o si emeghachi omume ná nrụgide.
Ọ pụrụ inye aka ịchọpụta ihe ọ bụla na-adịghị mma n'ọrụ obi.
7. Cardiac catheterization: Nnyocha a na-emerụ ahụ na-agụnye itinye catheter n'ime akwara ọbara dị n'aka ma ọ bụ n'ụkwụ ma duzie ya n'obi.
Mgbe ahụ, a na-etinye ihe na-acha odo odo n'ime akwara akwara iji chọpụta ihe ọ bụla na-egbochi ma ọ bụ na-ebelata.
Nchikota nke ule ndị a, tinyere mgbaàmà na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke onye ọrịa ahụ, pụrụ inyere ndị dọkịta aka ịchọpụta ọrịa obi ma chọpụta ụzọ kasị mma isi gwọọ ya.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
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Mkparịta ụka
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How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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