E nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-akpata ọrịa obi, gụnyere:
1. Afọ ndụ: Ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa obi na-abawanye ka mmadụ na-etolite, karịsịa mgbe nwoke dị afọ 45 na mgbe nwanyị dị afọ 55 gasịrị.
2. Ọbara cholesterol dị elu: Ọbara cholesterol LDL (nke na-adịghị mma) dị elu na cholesterol HDL (nke dị mma) dị ala pụrụ ime ka e nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa obi.
3. Ọbara mgbali elu: Ọbara mgbali elu a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa pụrụ imebi akwara ọbara ma mee ka e nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa obi.
4. Ọrịa shuga: Ndị na-arịa ọrịa shuga na-enwekarị ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa nkụchi obi n'ihi mmebi shuga dị elu n'ọbara pụrụ ịkpata n'akwara ọbara.
5. Ibu oke ibu ma ọ bụ ibu oké ibu: Ibu oke ibu pụrụ ime ka ihe ize ndụ nke nkụchi obi bawanye site n'inye aka n'ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpata ihe ize ndụ dị ka ọbara mgbali elu na ọrịa shuga.
6. Ịghara ịna-emega ahụ́: Ịghara imega ahụ́ pụrụ ime ka mmadụ nwee ọrịa obi ma mee ka o nwekwuo ike ịrịa ọrịa obi.
7. Ịṅụ sịga: Ịṅụ sịga bụ ihe bụ́ isi na-eme ka mmadụ nwee nkụchi obi, n'ihi na ọ na-emebi akwara ọbara ma na-eme ka e nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ọbara ọgbụgba.
8. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ezinụlọ: Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ezinụlọ nke ọrịa obi pụrụ ime ka ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa nkụchi obi dịkwuo elu.
9. Atrial fibrillation: Nke a bụ ọrịa obi na-adịghị agazi agazi nke pụrụ ime ka e nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa obi na ọrịa strok.
10. Ọrịa obi ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok n'oge gara aga: Ndị nwere ọrịa obi ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok n'oge gara aga nwere ihe ize ndụ dị ukwuu nke inwe ọrịa ọzọ.
11. Nchegbu: Nchegbu na-adịgide adịgide pụrụ ime ka e nwee ọrịa obi ma mee ka e nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa nkụchi obi.
Ọnọdụ autoimmune: Ọnọdụ ndị dị ka lupus na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo rheumatoid pụrụ ime ka ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa obi bawanye n'ebe ụmụ nwanyị nọ.
Nsogbu ahụike metụtara afọ ime: Ụmụ nwanyị na-arịa ọrịa shuga ma ọ bụ ọbara mgbali elu n'oge afọ ime na-enwekwu ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa obi n'oge ndụ ha.
14. Ọnọdụ estrogen dị ala: Ụmụ nwanyị ndị gabigara menopause ma ọ bụ ndị e wepụrụ akpa nwa nwere ọkwa estrogen dị ala karị, nke pụrụ ime ka ha nwekwuo ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa obi ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ nwanyị ndị na-enwetabeghị ya.
Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na ọ bụ ezie na a pụghị ịgbanwe ihe ụfọdụ na-akpata ihe ize ndụ, dị ka afọ ndụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ezinụlọ, a pụrụ ịchịkwa ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ site ná mgbanwe n'ụzọ ndụ na ọgwụgwọ.
Inyocha onwe gị mgbe nile, iri nri dị mma, imega ahụ mgbe nile, ịkwụsị ịṅụ sịga, na ịgwọ ọrịa ndị na-adịghị ala ala dị ka ọbara mgbali elu na ọrịa shuga pụrụ inye aka belata ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa nkụchi obi.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
Nkwupụta: ọgwụgwọ
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Mkparịta ụka
Biko zitere anyị email na ajụjụ ọ bụla / aro.
What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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