Maammuan ti sakit ti puso babaen ti panangusig iti pakasaritaan ti sakit ti pasiente, panangeksamen iti bagina, ken panangeksamen iti sakitna.
Dagiti kadawyan a pangeksamen a maus-usar a mangdayagnos iti atake ti puso iramanna:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): Daytoy a panangsukimat rukodenna ti elektrikal nga aktibidad ti puso ken mailasinna dagiti abnormalidad a mabalin a mangipasimudaag iti atake ti puso.
2. Panangsukimat iti Dara: Dagiti panangsukimat iti dara mabalin a rukodenda ti kaadu ti sumagmamano nga enzyme ken protina a rummuar iti dara no nadangran ti masel ti puso.
Dagiti gagangay a panangeksamen iti dara a maus-usar a mangdayagnos iti atake ti puso ket dagiti panangeksamen iti troponin ken creatine kinase (CK-MB).
3. Echocardiogram: Daytoy a panangeksamen ket agusar kadagiti sound wave tapno agpartuat iti aggargaraw a ladawan ti puso, a makatulong kadagiti doktor a mangtingiting iti panagandar ti puso ken mangilasin iti aniaman a nadadael a pasetna.
4. Coronary angiography: Daytoy a panangsukimat ramanenna ti panangyalison iti tina kadagiti coronary artery ken panang-X-ray tapno mailasin ti aniaman a pannakabalunet wenno pannakailet dagiti artery.
5. Cardiac CT wenno MRI: Dagitoy a panangeksamen iti imahe ket makaipaay kadagiti detalyado a ladawan ti puso ken dagiti uratna, a makatulong kadagiti doktor a mangilasin iti aniaman a pannakadadael wenno pannakabalunet.
6. Stress test: Daytoy a panangsubok ramanenna ti panagehersisio iti treadmill wenno stationary bike bayat a mamonitor ti puso tapno makita no kasano ti panagtignayna iti stress.
Makatulong dayta a mangilasin iti aniaman a di normal a panagandar ti puso.
7. Cardiac catheterization: Daytoy a mangapektar a panangsukimat ramanenna ti panangikabil iti catheter iti urat ti dara iti takiag wenno saka ken panangiturong iti dayta iti puso.
Kalpasanna, mai-inject ti tina kadagiti coronary artery tapno makita no adda aniaman a naperdi wenno nailet.
No agtipon dagitoy a panangeksamen, agraman dagiti sintoma ken medikal a pakasaritaan ti pasiente, makatulong dagiti doktor a mangammo iti atake ti puso ken mangikeddeng iti kasayaatan a panangagas.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
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How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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