How is Heart attack diagnosed?

Piyé carané ndhiagnosa serangan jantung?

Serangan jantung didiagnosis liwat kombinasi riwayat medis pasien, pemeriksaan fisik, lan tes diagnostik.

Tes diagnostik sing paling umum digunakake kanggo diagnosa serangan jantung kalebu:

1. Elektrokardiogram (EKG): Tes iki ngukur aktivitas listrik jantung lan bisa ndeteksi kelainan sing bisa nuduhake serangan jantung.

2. Tes getih: Tes getih bisa ngukur tingkat enzim lan protein tartamtu sing dibebasake menyang aliran getih nalika otot jantung rusak.

Tes getih sing paling umum digunakake kanggo diagnosa serangan jantung yaiku tes troponin lan creatine kinase (CK-MB).

3. Ekokardiogram: Tes iki migunakaké gelombang swara kanggo nggawé gambar jantung sing obah, sing isa mbantu dhokter ngukur fungsi jantung lan ngenali panggonan sing rusak.

4. Angiografi koroner: Tes iki kalebu nyuntikake pewarna menyang arteri koroner lan njupuk gambar sinar-X kanggo ngenali sembarang penyumbatan utawa penyempitan arteri.

5. CT utawa MRI jantung: Tes pencitraan iki bisa nyedhiyakake gambar rinci saka jantung lan pembuluh getih, sing bisa mbantu dokter ngenali karusakan utawa penyumbatan.

6. Tes stres: Tes iki kalebu olahraga ing treadmill utawa sepeda stasioner nalika jantung dipantau kanggo ndeleng kepiye tanggepan stres.

Iku bisa mbantu ngenali sembarang kelainan ing fungsi jantung.

7. Kateterisasi jantung: Tes invasif iki kalebu masang kateter menyang pembuluh getih ing lengen utawa sikil lan nuntun menyang jantung.

Pewarna banjur disuntikake menyang arteri koroner kanggo ngenali sembarang penyumbatan utawa penyempitan.

Kombinasi tes kasebut, bebarengan karo gejala lan riwayat medis pasien, bisa mbantu dokter diagnosa serangan jantung lan nemtokake perawatan sing paling apik.

Referensi-referensi

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.

Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.

Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.

New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.

Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.

Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.

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How is heart attack diagnosed?

A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.

The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.

2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.

The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.

3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.

4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.

5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.

6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.

It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.

7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.

Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.

A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.

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