How is Breast cancer diagnosed?

Kiebhi kia tena kuijiia se uala ni uhaxi ua izavu?

O ji dotolo a tena kuijiia o uhaxi iú mu ku bhanga o jipolova jiji:

1. Ku tala o ji mama: O dotolo u tala se o ji mama jala ni jipheleku, mba se o ji mama ja kulu kiá.

2. Mamografia: O jifoto ji bhanga o jingijiie phala ku mona se o mama uala ni uhaxi ua bhonzo ku u saka.

3. O ultrassom: O ji makina jiji ji kuatekesa ku tala o ima iala ku muxima ua muhatu, phala ku tena kuijiia se o mona uala ni uhaxi ua bhonzo mba kana.

4. MRI: O ji makina jiji, ji kuatekesa ku tonginina o ima iala ku mukutu ua mama.

5. O ji célula ja uongo: O ji célula ja uongo, a ji katula anga a ji tala ni microscópio phala ku mona se jala ni uhaxi ua izavu.

6. Ku tokuesa o manhinga: Saí ima ia lungu ni manhinga, kála o ku tala o manhinga, mba ku tala o ima ilondekesa kuila o muthu uala ni uhaxi ua izavu, a tena ku i bhanga phala ku mona se o uhaxi ua izavu ua mu di bandekesa mba kana.

7. O ji polova ji londekesa kuila o muhatu uala ni uhaxi ua izavu: Se ku muiji uê saí muthu ua kexile ni uhaxi ua izavu, nange a tena ku mu tala se uala ni uhaxi mu izavu.

8. O ji makina ji bhanga o ji tomografia, ji kuatekesa kuijiia se o ji célula ja kate mba kana.

Kioso kia mona kuila uala ni uhaxi ua izavu, nange a ku bhanga dingi polova ja mukuá phala kuijiia se uala ni uhaxi uahi.

['Izuelu ia mukuá']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Zahoor S, Lali IU, Khan MA, Javed K, Mehmood W: Breast Cancer Detection and Classification using Traditional Computer Vision Techniques: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Imaging. 2020, 16 (10): 1187-1200.

Dewar MA, Love N: Legal issues in managing breast disease. Postgrad Med. 1992, 92 (5): 137-40, 143-4, 149-51 passim.

Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan P: Breast cancer statistics and markers. J Cancer Res Ther. , 10 (3): 506-11.

Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.

Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.

Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.

Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.

['Kitendelesu:']

['O kijimbuete kiki, phala ku longa ngó, ki kiene mu bhana milongi ia lungu ni sauidi.']

['O milongi íii, ka tokala ku i tumbula phala ku saka uhaxi, mba ku saka mauhaxi a mukuá.']

['Mu kifika, o ji komputadolo jene mu kuatekesa o athu kuijiia o ima ia lungu ni uhaxi, ki ji tena ku jimbulula kiambote o maka.']

['Sota kikuatekesu kia dotolo iê mba muthu ua mukuá uala ni uhete ua ku saka mauhaxi. Kana ku jimba o itendelesu ia dotolo mukonda dia milongi i ua tange mu kijimbuete kiki. Se ua mesena kikuatekesu, xinda ku muxinda ua 112, mba ndé mu inzo ia ku saka ia zukama.']

['Iala ni Kikutu ni Jinguvulu ja Jixi Jengi']

['O Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (o DMCA) i bhana ku athu ala ni ufolo ua ku soneka, o ima ia mona mu Internete, i bhukumukina o ufolo uâ ua ku soneka. ']

['Se eie u xikina ni kidi kioso kuila o milongi mba milongi i ua mu tanga mu kijimbuete kietu kia internete, mba mu ima ia mukuá, ia mu bhukumukina o itumu iê, eie (mba o muthu u ua mu tumina) u tena ku tu tumikisa mukanda ni ku tu bhinga phala ku katula o milongi mba milongi i ua mu tanga mba ku fidisa o muthu ku i tanga.']

['O ngolokela a tokala ku i tumikisa mu mukanda ni mu kijimbuete kia i-me-le (Tala o mbandu "Utuameni ua Ijimbuete") ].']

['O DMCA i bhinga kuila o njimbu iê ia lungu ni ku bhukumukina o itumu ia ku tokala, i kala ni milongi íii: (1) kijimbuluilu kia kikalakalu kia tokala ku kitumu kia ku tokala; (2) kijimbuluilu kia milongi ia ku tokala ni milongi i tua tokala ku sanga; (3) o ijimbuete iê, ni ijimbuete ia mutelembe uê; (4) ni izuelu i ua zuela kuila eie u xikina ni kidi kioso kuila o milongi ia ku tokala, ki i tokala ku ngana ia tokala, mba ku mukunji uê, mba ku kitumu kioso-kioso; ']

['(5) O kijimbuete kiê, ni kijimbuete kia ku tangela kuila o milongi iala mu kijimbuete kiki ia kidi, ni kuila eie uala ni kutena kua ku langa o ima ia ku tokala;']

['O kijimbuete kiki, ki tena ku kala ni kidimbu kiê, mba kijimbuete kia muthu ua mu tumina o ku ki jikula.']

['Se ku soneka o ima ioso íii, o ku tokuesa o maka mê kua-nda laleka.']

['Kuzuela ni Muthu']

['Tua ku dióndo, tu tumikise njimbu ni ibhuidisu mba jindunge.']

How is breast cancer diagnosed?

Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:

1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.

2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.

3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.

4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.

5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.

6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.

7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.

8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.

Disclaimer: medical

This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.

The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.

Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.

Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. No physician-patient relationship is created by this web site or its use. Neither BioMedLib nor its employees, nor any contributor to this web site, makes any representations, express or implied, with respect to the information provided herein or to its use.

Disclaimer: copyright

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the “DMCA”) provides recourse for copyright owners who believe that material appearing on the Internet infringes their rights under U.S. copyright law. If you believe in good faith that any content or material made available in connection with our website or services infringes your copyright, you (or your agent) may send us a notice requesting that the content or material be removed, or access to it blocked. Notices must be sent in writing by email (see 'Contact' section for email address) . The DMCA requires that your notice of alleged copyright infringement include the following information: (1) description of the copyrighted work that is the subject of claimed infringement; (2) description of the alleged infringing content and information sufficient to permit us to locate the content; (3) contact information for you, including your address, telephone number and email address; (4) a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the content in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, or its agent, or by the operation of any law; (5) a statement by you, signed under penalty of perjury, that the information in the notification is accurate and that you have the authority to enforce the copyrights that are claimed to be infringed; and (6) a physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf. Failure to include all of the above information may result in the delay of the processing of your complaint.