Bo kezabaka maladi ya ntima kana bo tadila mambu ya ntama ya muntu yina, bo tala nitu na yandi, mpi bo sala ekzame.
Ba ekzame ya bo kesadilaka mingi sambu na kuzaba kana muntu mebela maladi ya ntima kele:
1. Electrocardiogramme (ECG): Kisalu yai ketadilaka mutindu ntima kesalaka mpi yo lenda monisa mambu ya mbi yina lenda monisa nde ntima mebela.
2. Kusosa menga: Bantu lenda sosa menga sambu na kuzaba kiteso ya ba enzyme mpi ya baproteine yina kebasikaka na menga ntangu misisa ya ntima kebebaka.
Ba ekzame ya menga yina bo kesadilaka mingi sambu na kuzaba kana muntu mebela maladi ya ntima kele ekzame ya troponine mpi ya kinase ya créatine (CK-MB).
3. Echographie: Na ekzame yai, bo kesadilaka makelele sambu na kusala bifwanisu ya ntima yina ketambula, yina lenda sadisa minganga na kuzaba mutindu ntima kesalaka mpi kuzaba bisika yina yo mebebaka.
4. Angiographie ya ntima: Na ekzame yai, bo ketulaka mukubu na kati ya misisa ya ntima mpi bo kesalaka ekzame ya radiographie sambu na kuzaba kana misisa yango me kangama to me kuma fioti.
5. TDM to IRM ya ntima: Ba ekzame yai lenda pesa bifwanisu ya ntima mpi misisa na yo ya menga, yina lenda sadisa minganga na kuzaba kana yo mebebaka to me kangama.
6. Kumeka ntima na ntangu ya mpasi: Kumeka ntima na ntangu ya mpasi kelombaka kusala bangalasisi na velo to na velo ya bo ketambusaka mpi kutala mutindu ntima kewaka ntangu muntu ke na mpasi.
Yo lenda sadisa na kuzaba kana ntima na yandi kesala ve mbote.
7. Kateteri ya ntima: Na ekzame yai, bo ketulaka kateteri na misisa ya menga ya diboko to ya dikulu mpi bo ketwadisaka yo tii na ntima.
Na nima, bo ketulaka mukubu na misisa ya nene ya menga sambu na kuzaba kana yo me kangama to me kuma fioti.
Bansosa yai, kumosi ti bidimbu ya maladi mpi mambu ya metala maladi ya mbefo, lenda sadisa minganga na kuzaba kana yandi kebela maladi ya ntima mpi kubaka lusansu ya kuluta mbote.
Narcisse MR, Rowland B, Long CR, Felix H, McElfish PA: Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms Knowledge of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in the United States: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey. Health Promot Pract. 2021, 22 (1): 122-131.
Atar D: [How to diagnose a heart attack in 2012?]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2012, 132 (3): 265-6.
Kriszbacher I, Bódis J, Boncz I, Koppan A, Koppan M: The time of sunrise and the number of hours with daylight may influence the diurnal rhythm of acute heart attack mortality. Int J Cardiol. 2010, 140 (1): 118-20.
New ultrafast MRI promises faster diagnosis of heart attack and stroke. J Cardiovasc Manag. , 10 (5): 17-9.
Duijts SFA, van der Beek AJ, Bleiker EMA, Smith L, Wardle J: Cancer and heart attack survivors' expectations of employment status: results from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. BMC Public Health. 2017, 17 (1): 640.
Kriszbacher I, Csoboth I, Boncz I, Bódis J: [The daily rhythm of heart attack morbidity and mortality may be influenced by the time of sunrise]. Orv Hetil. 2008, 149 (46): 2183-7.
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['Kana nge ke mona nde mambu ya nge ke tanga na site Internet na beto to na baservice na beto ke fwa banswa na nge, nge (to muntu yina ke twadisaka nge) lenda tindila beto mukanda sambu na kulomba nde beto katula yo to kukanga nzila na nge ya kusadila yo.']
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How is heart attack diagnosed?
A heart attack is diagnosed through a combination of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
The most common diagnostic tests used to diagnose a heart attack include:
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG): This test measures the electrical activity of the heart and can detect abnormalities that may indicate a heart attack.
2. Blood tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of certain enzymes and proteins that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged.
The most common blood tests used to diagnose a heart attack are troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB) tests.
3. Echocardiogram: This test uses sound waves to create a moving image of the heart, which can help doctors assess the function of the heart and identify any areas of damage.
4. Coronary angiography: This test involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries and taking X-ray images to identify any blockages or narrowing of the arteries.
5. Cardiac CT or MRI: These imaging tests can provide detailed images of the heart and its blood vessels, which can help doctors identify any damage or blockages.
6. Stress test: This test involves exercising on a treadmill or stationary bike while the heart is monitored to see how it responds to stress.
It can help identify any abnormalities in the heart's function.
7. Cardiac catheterization: This invasive test involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg and guiding it to the heart.
Dye is then injected into the coronary arteries to identify any blockages or narrowing.
A combination of these tests, along with the patient's symptoms and medical history, can help doctors diagnose a heart attack and determine the best course of treatment.
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