Mambu mingi lenda sala nde ntima kubula nge, mu mbandu:
1. Bamvula: Kana muntu ke na bamvula mingi, kigonsa ya maladi ya ntima kekumaka mingi, mingimingi kana bakala meluta bamvula 45 mpi nkento meluta bamvula 55.
2. Cholestérol mingi: Cholestérol ya mbi (LDL) mpi ya mbote (HDL) lenda sala nde muntu kubela maladi ya ntima.
3. Tansio ya ngolo: Kana tansio ya ngolo kele ve na nsi ya lutwadisu, yo lenda bebisa misisa ya menga mpi kusala nde ntima kubula.
4. Diabete: Bantu yina kebelaka maladi ya diabete kevandaka na kigonsa ya ngolo ya kubela maladi ya ntima sambu sukali mingi ya kevandaka na menga lenda bebisa misisa ya menga.
5. Kuvanda ti kilo mingi to nene ya kuluta ndilu: Kuvanda ti kilo mingi lenda sala nde muntu kubela maladi ya ntima sambu yo ke salaka nde yandi kuma ti maladi yankaka bonso tansio ya ngolo mpi diabete.
6. Kukonda kusala bangalasisi: Kukonda kusala bangalasisi lenda sala nde muntu kukuma ti maladi ya ntima mpi yo lenda sala nde yandi bela maladi ya ntima.
7. Kunwa makaya: Kunwa makaya kele kima ya ntete ya kenataka maladi ya ntima, sambu yo kebebisaka misisa ya menga mpi yo kekumisaka menga ngolo.
8. Bantu ya dibuta mosi: Kana bantu ya dibuta mosi kebelaka maladi ya ntima, yo lenda sala nde muntu kubaka maladi ya ntima.
9. Fibrillation auriculaire: Yo kele mutindu ntima kebulaka kukonda ndonga yina lenda sala nde ntima kubula mpi maladi ya ntu kubula muntu.
10. Ataque cardiaque to AVC ya ntama: Bantu yina mebakaka dezia ataque ya ntima to AVC kevandaka na kigonsa ya ngolo ya kubaka yo dyaka.
11. Basusi: Basusi ya ngolo lenda sala nde muntu kubela maladi ya ntima mpi yo lenda sala nde yandi bela maladi ya ntima.
12. Maladi yina kekatukaka na bamikrobe yina kenwanisaka nitu ti maladi yankaka: Maladi bonso lupus mpi maladi ya mikwa lenda sala nde bankento kubela maladi ya ntima.
13. Bampasi ya mavimpi yina kebasikaka na ntangu ya kubaka divumu: Bankento yina kebelaka diabete to kebelaka maladi ya ngolo ya menga na ntangu ya kubaka divumu kevandaka na kigonsa ya ngolo ya kubela maladi ya ntima na nima.
14. Bima yina kebutaka bankento yina kevandaka na divumu ya bakala (œstrogènes) kevandaka mingi ve: Bankento yina mekumaka na nsungi ya kuvidisa mavumu to yina bo mekatulaka divumu na bo kevandaka ti bima yina kebutaka bankento yina kevandaka na divumu ya bakala (œstrogènes) mingi ve, ebuna yo lenda sala nde bo bela maladi ya ntima mingi kuluta bankento yina mekumaka ntete ve na nsungi yina.
Yo kele mfunu na kuzaba nde ata muntu lenda soba ve mambu ya nkaka yina ke nataka maladi, mu mbandu bamvula mpi mambu ya dibuta, yandi lenda soba ve mambu mingi ya nkaka na kusobaka mutindu na yandi ya kuzinga mpi na kusansa yandi.
Kusosa lusansu mbala na mbala, kudya madya ya mbote, kusala bangalasisi mbala na mbala, kuyambula kunwa makaya, mpi kudiyangisa sambu na maladi ya ngolo bonso tansio mpi diabete lenda sadisa na kufyotuna kigonsa ya maladi ya ntima.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
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['Kana nge ke mona nde mambu ya nge ke tanga na site Internet na beto to na baservice na beto ke fwa banswa na nge, nge (to muntu yina ke twadisaka nge) lenda tindila beto mukanda sambu na kulomba nde beto katula yo to kukanga nzila na nge ya kusadila yo.']
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['5) na nima ya kupesa nzikisa na mukanda yina nge me sonika, nge fwete ndima nde mambu yina nge me tuba kele ya kieleka mpi nde nge kele ti nswa ya kusadila banswa yina bo me bebisa.']
['mpi (6) kidimbu ya muntu yina kele ti nswa ya kubasisa yo to ya muntu yina kele ti nswa ya kusala mambu na zina na yandi. ']
['Kana nge pesa ve bansangu yai yonso, yo lenda sala nde bo sala ve mambu nswalu.']
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What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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