Patofisiologi kanker payudara marujuak pado parubahan abnormal pado proses jo mekanisme fisiologis normal nan tajadi dalam pakambangan jo progresi kanker payudara.
Iko maliputi kajian mekanisme biologis jo molekuler nan manyabaukan patumbuahan jo panyebaran sel kanker nan indak taatur dalam jaringan payudara.
Hal iko tamasuak faktor genetik, epigenetik, jo lingkungan nan manyababkan tajadinyo, maningkek, jo paningkekan kanker payudara.
1. Mutasi genetik: Mutasi pado gen tatantu, sarupo BRCA1 jo BRCA2, dapek maningkekkan risiko tajadinyo kanker payudara.
Mutasi ko dapek diwariskan atau didapek salamo iduik urang.
2. Hormon nan indak saimbang: Hormon, tarutamo estrogen, dapek baparan dalam pambangkikan jo patumbuahan kanker payudara.
Kasalahan kadar hormon atau pangaruah estrogen nan talalu banyak dapek maningkekan risiko kanker payudara.
3. Radang: Radang kronis pado jaringan payudara dapek manyababkan kanker payudara jo maningkekan pertumbuhan jo batahan iduik sel kanker.
4. Lingkuangan mikro tumor: Lingkuangan di sakitar tumor, tamasuak matriks ekstraseluler, sel imun, jo pambuluah darah, dapek mampangaruhi patumbuahan jo panyebaran kanker payudara.
5. Metastasis: Kanker payudara dapek manyebar ka bagian tubuah lainnyo malalui sistem limfatik atau aliran darah, nan manyababkan tabantuaknyo tumor sekunder di organ nan jauah.
Mamahami patofisiologi kanker payudara sangaik pantiang untuak mangambangan strategi panagahan, deteksi awal, jo pangobatan nan efektif.
Underwood SM: Breast cancer in African American women: nursing essentials. ABNF J. , 17 (1): 3-14.
Paliwal SR, Paliwal R, Agrawal GP, Vyas SP: Liposomal nanomedicine for breast cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2011, 6 (6): 1085-100.
Rauch GM, Adrada BE: Comparison of Breast MR Imaging with Molecular Breast Imaging in Breast Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, Staging, and Treatment Response Evaluation. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2018, 26 (2): 273-280.
Wei H, Wang H, Ji Q, Sun J, Tao L, Zhou X: NRBP1 is downregulated in breast cancer and NRBP1 overexpression inhibits cancer cell proliferation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther. 2015, 8 (): 3721-30.
Eden JA: Human breast cancer stem cells and sex hormones--a narrative review. Menopause. 2010, 17 (4): 801-10.
Schneider BP, Winer EP, Foulkes WD, Garber J, Perou CM, Richardson A, Sledge GW, Carey LA: Triple-negative breast cancer: risk factors to potential targets. Clin Cancer Res. 2008, 14 (24): 8010-8.
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What is pathophysiology of breast cancer?
Pathophysiology of breast cancer refers to the abnormal changes in the normal physiological processes and mechanisms that occur in the development and progression of breast cancer.
It involves the study of the underlying biological and molecular mechanisms that lead to the uncontrolled growth and spread of cancer cells in the breast tissue.
This includes the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that contribute to the initiation, promotion, and progression of breast cancer.
Some of the key pathophysiological changes in breast cancer include:
1. Genetic mutations: Mutations in certain genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
These mutations can be inherited or acquired during a person's lifetime.
2. Hormonal imbalances: Hormones, particularly estrogen, can play a role in the development and growth of breast cancer.
An imbalance in hormone levels or exposure to excess estrogen can increase the risk of breast cancer.
3. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the breast tissue can contribute to the development of breast cancer by promoting the growth and survival of cancer cells.
4. Tumor microenvironment: The environment surrounding the tumor, including the extracellular matrix, immune cells, and blood vessels, can influence the growth and spread of breast cancer.
5. Metastasis: Breast cancer can spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream, leading to the formation of secondary tumors in distant organs.
Understanding the pathophysiology of breast cancer is crucial for developing effective prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies.
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