Patofisiologi kanker prostat marujuak pado mekanisme jo proses nan manyabaukan panyakik ko bakambang jo bakambang.
kanker prostat adolah tumor ganas nan muncua dari sel-sel kelenjar prostat, nan marupokan organ ketek babantuak kacang nan talatak di bawah kandung kemih pado laki-laki.
Prostat mahasiakan cairan mani, nan mambari nutrisi jo mambaok sperma.
panyakik ko dapek manyababkan kamatian pado pasien jo panyakik lain.
Hal iko tamasuak umua, sijarah kaluarga, ras, jo mutasi genetik tatantu.
Kanker prostat labiah umum pado laki-laki nan labiah tuo, jo mayoritas kasus tajadi pado laki-laki nan baumua labiah dari 65 tahun.
Salain itu, laki-laki nan ado riwayaik kaluarga nan punyo kanker prostat labiah barisiko, sarupo laki-laki Afrika Amerika jo laki-laki katurunan Karibia.
Patofisiologi kanker prostat maliputi patumbuahan jo pambagian sel nan indak taatur dalam kelenjar prostat.
Hal iko dapek tajadi dek mutasi genetik nan manyabaukan pangaruah nan talalu gadang dari babarapo faktor patumbuahan atau inaktivasi gen supresor tumor.
Mutasi iko dapek manyababkan patumbuahan sel nan indak taratur, nan manyababkan tabantuaknyo tumor.
Samantaro tumor batambah gadang, inyo dapek manyarang jaringan jo organ dakek, sarupo kandung kemih, rektum, jo kelenjar getah bening dakek.
Dalam babarapo kasus, sel kanker dapek bapisah dari tumor utamo jo manyebar ka bagian tubuah lainnyo malalui aliran darah atau sistem limfatik, sabuah proses nan disabuik metastasis.
Kanker prostat dapek juo dipangaruhi dek faktor hormon, tarutamo hormon androgen testosteron.
Testosteron dapek manggarik patumbuahan sel kanker prostat, jo banyak pangobatan untuak kanker prostat batujuan untuak mangurangi tingkek hormon iko atau mamblokir efeknyo.
Singkeknyo, patofisiologi kanker prostat maliputi patumbuahan jo pambagian sel nan indak taatur dalam kelenjar prostat, nan dapek dipangaruhi dek faktor genetik, hormon, jo lingkungan.
Mamahami mekanisme panyabab panyakik ko sangaik pantiang untuak mangambangan pangobatan nan efektif jo maningkekan hasil untuak pasien jo kanker prostat.
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Kohli M, Qin R, Jimenez R, Dehm SM: Biomarker-based targeting of the androgen-androgen receptor axis in advanced prostate cancer. Adv Urol. 2012, 2012 (): 781459.
Nelson JB, Hedican SP, George DJ, Reddi AH, Piantadosi S, Eisenberger MA, Simons JW: Identification of endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (9): 944-9.
Msaouel P, Nandikolla G, Pneumaticos SG, Koutsilieris M: Bone microenvironment-targeted manipulations for the treatment of osteoblastic metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013, 22 (11): 1385-400.
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What is pathophysiology of prostate cancer?
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease.
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-shaped organ located below the bladder in men.
The prostate gland produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
The exact cause of prostate cancer is not fully understood, but several factors are known to increase the risk of developing the disease.
These include age, family history, race, and certain genetic mutations.
Prostate cancer is more common in older men, with the majority of cases occurring in men over the age of 65.
Additionally, men with a family history of prostate cancer are at an increased risk, as are African American men and men of Caribbean descent.
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland.
This can occur due to genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of certain growth factors or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
These mutations can result in the unregulated growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor.
As the tumor grows, it can invade nearby tissues and organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and nearby lymph nodes.
In some cases, cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.
Once the cancer has spread, it can be more difficult to treat.
Prostate cancer can also be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly the androgen hormone testosterone.
Testosterone can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells, and many treatments for prostate cancer aim to reduce the levels of this hormone or block its effects.
In summary, the pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells within the prostate gland, which can be influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease is crucial for developing effective treatments and improving outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.
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