He maha ngā take mōrearea mō te mate huka, tae atu ki:
1. Te hītori whānau: Ko te whai i tētahi matua, teina rānei e mate huka ana, ka nui ake te mōrearea.
2. Tau: Ka piki te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2 i a koe e kaumātua ana, ina koa i muri i te 45 tau.
3. Taumaha: Ko te taumaha rawa, te mōmona rānei, ka nui ake te mōrearea.
4. Te korikori tinana: Ko te koretake o te korikori tinana ka nui ake to tupono.
5. Iwi, iwi rānei: Ko ētahi rōpū iwi, pēnei i ngā Āmerika o Awherika, ngā Āmerika Pāniora, ngā Āmerika Taketake, me ngā Āmerika Āhia, he nui ake te mōrearea o te mate huka momo 2.
6. Te mate huka i te wā e hapū ana: Ko ngā wāhine kua pāngia e te mate huka i te wā e hapū ana, he nui ake te mōrea kia pāngia e te mate huka momo 2 ā muri ake i te ora.
7. Te mate pukupuku o te puku: Ko nga wahine e pa ana ki tenei mate ka nui ake te mate huka o te momo 2.
8. Te mate pūkoro: Ko tēnei rōpū o ngā āhuatanga, tae atu ki te pēhanga toto tiketike, te cholesterol tiketike, me te nui o te whitiki, ka nui ake te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2.
9. Te kai hikareti: Ka taea e te kai hikareti te whakanui ake i te aukati insulin, e taea ai te arahi ki te momo mate huka 2.
10. Te mate huka: Ko te mate huka, te nui ake rānei o te huka toto i te taumata tika, ka nui ake te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2.
11. Te taumaha iti i te whanautanga: Ko nga pēpi he iti te taumaha i te whanautanga, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia e te mate huka momo 2 ā muri ake i te ora.
12. Te pēhanga toto tiketike: Ko te pēhanga toto tiketike ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate huka momo 2.
13. Ko te taumata cholesterol me te triglyceride koretake: Ko te taumata nui o te triglycerides me te taumata iti o te HDL (pai) cholesterol ka piki te tuponotanga o te mate huka momo 2.
14. Te ngūngū i te moe: Ko te hunga e ngūngū ana i te moe, ka nui ake te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2.
15. Stress: Ka taea e te ahotea roa te whakapiki ake i te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2.
16. Ētahi rongoā: Ko ētahi rongoā, pēnei i ngā steroids me ngā rongoā antipsychotics, ka nui ake te mōrearea o te mate huka momo 2.
17. Te mumura: Ka taea e te mumura roa te whakapiki ake i te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2.
18. Te noho noho: Ka nui ake te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2 i te noho noho.
19. Te kai momona, te kai pūngoi-nui: Ko te kai i te kai momona me te pūngoi-nui ka nui ake te mate huka momo 2.
20. Te inu waipiro: Ko te inu waipiro nui ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate huka momo 2.
21. Te kore moe: Ko te kore moe e taea te whakanui ake i te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i te mate huka momo 2.
22. Te parahanga hau: Ko te noho ki te parahanga hau ka whakapiki i te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2.
23. Ētahi mate: Ko ētahi mate, pēnei i te matepukupuku C, ka nui ake te mōrea o te mate huka momo 2.
24. Ngā taumata tiketike o te homocysteine: Ko ngā taumata tiketike o te homocysteine, he waikawa amino, ka taea te whakanui ake i te mōrea o te whakawhanake i te mate huka momo 2.
25. Te nui o te waikawa uric: Ko te nui o te waikawa uric, he hua ururua, ka taea te whakanui ake i te mate o te mate huka momo 2.
26. Ngā taumata tiketike o te pūmua C-whakahohe: Ko ngā taumata tiketike o te pūmua C-whakahohe, he tohu o te mumura, ka taea te whakanui ake i te mōrea o te whakawhanake i te mate huka momo 2.
27. Ngā taumata tiketike o te fibrinogen: Ko ngā taumata tiketike o te fibrinogen, he pūmua e whai wāhi ana ki te whakaheke toto, ka taea te whakanui ake i te mōrea o te whakawhanake i te mate huka momo 2.
28. Ngā taumata tiketike o te PAI-1: Ko ngā taumata tiketike o te PAI-1, he pūmua e whai wāhi ana ki te whakaheke toto, ka nui ake te mōrea o te whakawhanake i te mate huka momo 2.
29. Ngā taumata tiketike o te leptin: Ko ngā taumata tiketike o te leptin, he taiaki e whai wāhi ana ki te whakahaere i te hiahia, ka taea te whakanui ake i te mōrea o te whakawhanake i te mate huka momo 2.
30. Ngā taumata tiketike o te ātete: Ko ngā taumata tiketike o te ātete, he taiaki e pā ana ki te ātete o te insulin, ka nui ake te mōrea o te whakawhanake
King WM, Saseen JJ, Anderson SL: Characterization of diabetes risk factors in patients prescribed chronic statin therapy. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2014, 5 (5): 206-11.
Bielinski SJ, Pankow JS, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Bailey K, Li M, Selvin E, Couper D, Vazquez G, Brancati F: Strength of association for incident diabetes risk factors according to diabetes case definitions: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2012, 175 (5): 466-72.
Gangwisch JE, Gross R, Malaspina D: Differential Associations Between Depression, Risk Factors for Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Incidence in a Large U.S. Sample. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2015, 52 (2): 85-90.
Leiva AM, Martínez MA, Petermann F, Garrido-Méndez A, Poblete-Valderrama F, Díaz-Martínez X, Celis-Morales C: [Risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes in Chile]. Nutr Hosp. 2018, 35 (2): 400-407.
Chatterjee R, Maruthur NM, Edelman D: Novel Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in African-Americans. Curr Diab Rep. 2015, 15 (12): 103.
Higa S, Maesato A, Ishigaki S, Suenari K, Chen YJ, Chen SA: Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders (Hyperthyroidism/Hypothyroidism) as Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2021, 13 (1): 63-75.
Brodalko B: [Diabetes risk factors in the Regional Railway Hospital in Lublin, described on the basis of medical documentation]. Wiad Lek. 2000, 53 (5-6): 255-61.
['Whakakahoretanga: hauora']
['Ko tenei paetukutuku e whakaratohia ana mo nga kaupapa ako me nga korero anake, kaore hoki e whakarato i nga tohutohu hauora, i nga ratonga ngaio ranei.']
['Kaua e whakamahia ngā mōhiohio e whakaratohia ana hei tātaritanga, hei whakaora rānei i tētahi raruraru hauora, mate rānei, ā, ko te hunga e rapu ana i te tohutohu hauora whaiaro me kōrero ki tētahi tākuta whai raihana.']
['Kia mōhio mai koe ko te whatunga pūtau e whakaputa ana i ngā whakautu ki ngā pātai, he tino hē ina tae mai ki te ihirangi tau. Hei tauira, ko te tokomaha o ngā tāngata kua tohua he mate tauwhāiti.']
['Me rapu tonu i te tohutohu a tō tākuta, i tētahi atu kaiwhakarato hauora whai tohu rānei e pā ana ki tētahi mate hauora. Kaua rawa e whakahawea ki te tohutohu hauora ngaio, te whakaroa rānei ki te rapu i te mea nā tētahi mea i pānuihia e koe i tēnei paetukutuku. Ki te whakaaro koe he mate hauora ohorere pea koe, waea atu ki te 911 ka haere ki te rūma ohorere tata tonu. Kāore he hononga tākuta-tūroro i hangaia e tēnei paetukutuku, i tōna whakamahinga rānei. Kāore a BioMedLib, ōna kaimahi rānei, tētahi kaitohutohu rānei ki tēnei paetukutuku, e whakaatu ana, e tohu ana rānei, e pā ana ki ngā mōhiohio e whakaratohia ana i konei, ki tōna whakamahinga rānei.']
['Whakakahoretanga: mana pupuri']
['Ko te Ture Mana pupuri Mamati Mamati o te tau 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (te DMCA) e whakarato ana i te whakahoki mo nga rangatira mana pupuri e whakapono ana ko nga rauemi e puta ana i runga i te Ipurangi e takahi ana i o raatau mana i raro i te ture mana pupuri a US. ']
['Mēnā e whakapono pono ana koe e takahi ana tētahi ihirangi, rauemi rānei e wātea ana i runga i tō mātou paetukutuku, ratonga rānei i tō mana pupuri, ka taea e koe (tō māngai rānei) te tuku pānui ki a mātou e tono ana kia tangohia te ihirangi, rauemi rānei, kia āraia rānei te uru atu ki a ia. ']
["Me tuku ngā whakamōhiotanga ā-tuhi mā te īmēra (tirohia te wāhanga 'Whakapā' mō te wāhitau īmēra). "]
['E hiahiatia ana e te DMCA kia whakaurua ki tō whakamōhiotanga mō te whakawātea mana pupuri i ngā mōhiohio e whai ake nei: (1) whakaahuatanga o te mahi mana pupuri e pā ana ki te whakawātea e whakapaetia ana; (2) whakaahuatanga o te ihirangi e whakapaetia ana e takahi ana me ngā mōhiohio e tika ana kia taea ai e mātou te kimi i te ihirangi; (3) mōhiohio whakapā mōu, tae atu ki tō wāhitau, tau waea me tō wāhitau īmēra; (4) he tauākī nāu e whakapono pono ana koe kāore te ihirangi i te āhua e amuamutia ana i whakamanahia e te kaipupuri mana pupuri, e tana māngai rānei, e te whakahaerenga rānei o tētahi ture; ']
['(5) he tauākī nāu i haina, i raro i te whiu o te whakapae teka, e tika ana ngā mōhiohio i roto i te whakamōhiotanga, ā, kei a koe te mana ki te whakatinana i ngā mana pupuri e kīia ana kua takahia;']
['me te (6) he waitohu ā-tinana, ā-rorohiko rānei a te kaipupuri mana pupuri, a tētahi tangata rānei kua whakamanahia ki te mahi mō te kaipupuri mana pupuri. ']
['Ki te kore e whakaurua ngā mōhiohio katoa i runga ake nei, ka whakaroa pea te tukatuka o tō amuamu.']
['Whakapā']
['Tena koa tukuna mai he imeera ki a maatau me tetahi patai / whakaaro.']
What are the risk factors for diabetes?
There are several risk factors for diabetes, including:
1. Family history: Having a parent or sibling with diabetes increases your risk.
2. Age: The risk of type 2 diabetes increases as you get older, especially after age 45.
3. Weight: Being overweight or obese increases your risk.
4. Physical inactivity: Lack of exercise can increase your risk.
5. Race or ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans, have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
6. Gestational diabetes: Women who have had gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Women with this condition have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
8. Metabolic syndrome: This cluster of conditions, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and large waist circumference, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.
9. Smoking: Smoking can increase insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes.
10. Prediabetes: Having prediabetes, or higher than normal blood sugar levels, increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
11. Low birth weight: Babies with low birth weight have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
12. High blood pressure: Having high blood pressure increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
13. Abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels: High levels of triglycerides and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
14. Sleep apnea: People with sleep apnea have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
15. Stress: Chronic stress can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
16. Certain medications: Some medications, such as steroids and antipsychotics, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
17. Inflammation: Chronic inflammation can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
18. Sedentary lifestyle: A sedentary lifestyle can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
19. High-fat, high-calorie diet: Consuming a diet high in unhealthy fats and calories can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
20. Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
21. Sleep deprivation: Inadequate sleep can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
22. Air pollution: Exposure to air pollution can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
23. Certain infections: Certain infections, such as hepatitis C, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
24. High levels of homocysteine: High levels of homocysteine, an amino acid, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
25. High levels of uric acid: High levels of uric acid, a waste product, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
26. High levels of C-reactive protein: High levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
27. High levels of fibrinogen: High levels of fibrinogen, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
28. High levels of PAI-1: High levels of PAI-1, a protein involved in blood clotting, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
29. High levels of leptin: High levels of leptin, a hormone involved in appetite regulation, can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
30. High levels of resistin: High levels of resistin, a hormone involved in insulin resistance, can increase the risk of developing
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['Mō te']
['Ka whakamahi a BioMedLib i nga rorohiko aunoa (nga hātepe ako-mīhini) hei whakaputa takirua pātai-me-whakautu.']
['Ka tīmata mātou ki te 35 miriona ngā tānga rongoā koiora o PubMed/Medline.']
['Tirohia te "Whakaputanga" hoki "Whakakahoretanga".']
