Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zimene zingachititse kuti munthu akhale ndi khansa ya m'mapapo?
Zinthu zimene zingachititse kuti munthu akhale ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi monga:
1. Kusuta fodya: Kusuta fodya n'kumene kumayambitsa khansa ya m'mapapo.
Chiopsezocho chimawonjezeka ndi chiŵerengero cha ndudu zosuta patsiku ndi chiŵerengero cha zaka zimene munthu wakhala akusuta.
2. Kusuta fodya: Kusuta fodya kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo mwa anthu amene sasuta fodya.
3. Gasi la radon: Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa mpweya wa radon, umene umapezeka mwachilengedwe, kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha kansa ya m'mapapo.
4. Asbestos ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa khansa: Asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, soot, tar, ndi zinthu zina zingayambitse khansa ya m'mapapo.
Kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya: Kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya kwa nthaŵi yaitali, makamaka m'madera a m'mizinda, kungawonjezere pang'ono chiopsezo cha kansa ya m'mapapo.
6. Mbiri ya m'banja: Mbiri ya m'banja ya khansa ya m'mapapo ingawonjezere chiopsezo cha munthu.
7 Mbiri ya matenda a m'mapapo: Anthu amene ali ndi mbiri ya matenda a m'mapapo monga matenda a m'mapapo otchedwa chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) kapena matenda a chifuwa chachikulu angakhale ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya m'mapapo.
8. Zaka: Chiopsezo cha kansa ya m'mapapo chimawonjezeka ndi msinkhu, ndipo milandu yambiri imachitika mwa anthu a zaka zopitirira 65.
9. Kugonana: Amuna amakhala ndi matenda a khansa ya m'mapapo kuposa akazi.
10. Mankhwala a radiation: Mankhwala a radiation a m'chifuwa m'mbuyomu a khansa zina angawonjezere chiopsezo cha kansa ya m'mapapo.
11. Kudya: Kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zochepa kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha kansa ya m'mapapo.
12. Kumwa mowa: Kumwa mowa kwambiri kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha kansa ya m'mapapo.
13. Chibadwa: Kusintha kwa chibadwa kwina kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha kansa ya m'mapapo.
Nkofunika kudziŵa kuti kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zinthu zoopsa zimenezi sikutanthauza kuti munthu adzakhala ndi kansa ya m'mapapo, ndipo anthu ena amene ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo angakhale opanda zinthu zoopsa zodziŵika.
Komabe, kuchepetsa kapena kupeŵa kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zoopsa zimenezi kungathandize kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo.
Jin YJ, Tang W, Huang Y, Wang JW, Hou DH, Qi LL, Zhao SJ, Wu N: [Risk factors for lung cancer based on low-dose computed tomography screening]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2020, 42 (3): 222-227.
Hosseini M, Naghan PA, Karimi S, SeyedAlinaghi S, Bahadori M, Khodadad K, Mohammadi F, Kaynama K, Keynama K, Masjedi MR: Environmental risk factors for lung cancer in Iran: a case-control study. Int J Epidemiol. 2009, 38 (4): 989-96.
Zhou X, Hu J, Zhang C, Zhan Y, Song Y, Fan W, Hu Z, Yang H, Yang Q, Wu D, Li F, Li D, Nie R: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for in-hospital mortality of lung cancer patients with COVID-19: A multicenter, retrospective, cohort study. Thorac Cancer. 2021, 12 (1): 57-65.
Liu X, Fan Y, Jiang Y, Xiang J, Wang J, Sun Z, Ren G, Yao S, Chang R, Zhao Y, Qiao Y, Zhou Q: [A cohort study on risk factors of lung cancer in Yunnan tin miners]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2013, 16 (4): 184-90.
Aoun J, Saleh N, Waked M, Salamé J, Salameh P: Lung cancer correlates in Lebanese adults: a pilot case--control study. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2013, 3 (4): 235-44.
Chan-Yeung M, Koo LC, Ho JC, Tsang KW, Chau WS, Chiu SW, Ip MS, Lam WK: Risk factors associated with lung cancer in Hong Kong. Lung Cancer. 2003, 40 (2): 131-40.
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Chonde titumizireni imelo ndi funso / lingaliro lililonse.
What are the risk factors for lung cancer?
The risk factors for lung cancer include:
1. Smoking: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer.
The risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the number of years a person has smoked.
2. Secondhand smoke: Exposure to secondhand smoke can increase the risk of lung cancer in non-smokers.
3. Radon gas: Exposure to high levels of radon gas, a naturally occurring radioactive gas, can increase the risk of lung cancer.
4. Asbestos and other carcinogens: Exposure to asbestos, arsenic, chromium, nickel, soot, tar, and other substances can cause lung cancer.
5. Air pollution: Long-term exposure to air pollution, particularly in urban areas, may slightly increase the risk of lung cancer.
6. Family history: A family history of lung cancer may increase a person's risk.
7. Personal history of lung disease: People with a history of lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or tuberculosis may have an increased risk of lung cancer.
8. Age: The risk of lung cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 65.
9. Gender: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.
10. Radiation therapy: Previous radiation therapy to the chest for other cancers can increase the risk of lung cancer.
11. Diet: A diet low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of lung cancer.
12. Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol consumption may increase the risk of lung cancer.
13. Genetics: Certain genetic mutations may increase the risk of lung cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean a person will develop lung cancer, and some people who develop lung cancer may not have any known risk factors.
However, reducing or avoiding exposure to these risk factors can help lower the chances of developing lung cancer.
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