I a mai d'una opcions de tractament pel càncer de la prostata, segon l'estadi e agressivitat del càncer, e tanben la santat generala e las preferéncias personalas del pacient.
De tractaments comuns incluson:
1. Susvelhança activa: Aquel apròche consistís a susvelhar de près lo càncer amb de contraròtles e tèsts regulars, puslèu que de començar sul còp lo tractament.
Es subretot util pels òmes de risc bas de càncer de la prostata.
2. Cirurgia: una prostatectomia es una procedura quirurgicala per levar la glandula prostatica.
Se pòt realizar per cirurgia o per laparoscopia (mejançant d'incisions pichonas e d'aisinas especializadas).
3. Radioterapia: Aquel tractament utiliza de radiacions d'energia nauta per tuar las cellulas cancerosas.
Pòt èsser donat de fòra (dempuèi una maquina fòra del còs) o de dedins (mejans d'implants plaçats près de la tumor).
4. Terapia ormonala: Aquel tractament merma los nivèls d'ormonas masclas (androgèns) dins lo còs, çò que pòt alentir o arrestar la creissença del càncer de la prostata.
Se pòt utilizar sol o en combinason amb d'autres tractaments.
5. Quimioterapia: Aquel tractament utiliza de medicaments per tuar las cellulas cancerosas.
Se pòt utilizar per un càncer de la prostata avançat que s'espandiguèt a d'autras partidas del còrs.
6. Immunoterapia: Aquel tractament ajuda lo sistèma immunitari a combatre lo càncer.
Se pòt utilizar pel càncer de la prostata avançat que respondèt pas a d'autres tractaments.
7. Terapia ciblada: aquel tractament cibla de gèns o proteïnas especifics qu'ajudan las cellulas cancerosas a créisser e subreviure.
Se pòt utilizar pel càncer de la prostata avançat que respondèt pas a d'autres tractaments.
8. Crioterapia: Aquel tractament utiliza un freg extrèma per congelar e tuar las cellulas cancerosas.
Se pòt utilizar per un càncer de la prostata a l'estadi inicial o per un càncer que tornèt après d'autres tractaments.
9. Ultrasons focalizat d'intensitat nauta (HIFU): Aquel tractament utiliza d'ondas sonoras de nauta frequéncia per caufar e destruire las cellulas cancerosas.
Se pòt utilizar per un càncer de la prostata a l'estadi inicial o per un càncer que tornèt après d'autres tractaments.
10. Esperar vigilant: Aquel apròche consistís a susvelhar de près lo càncer amb de contraròtles e tèsts regulars, mas pas començar lo tractament levat se los simptòmas apareisson o se cambian.
Es subretot util pels òmes d'edat amb un càncer de la prostata de creissença lenta e d'autras malautiás seriosas.
Es important de discutir de totas las opcions de tractament amb una equipa medicala per determinar la melhora solucion per cada cas.
Wang Y, Chen J, Wu Z, Ding W, Gao S, Gao Y, Xu C: Mechanisms of enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer and therapeutic strategies to overcome it. Br J Pharmacol. 2021, 178 (2): 239-261.
Talkar SS, Patravale VB: Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021, 21 (3): 385-396.
Šamija I, Fröbe A: CHALLENGES IN MANIPULATING IMMUNE SYSTEM TO TREAT PROSTATE CANCER. Acta Clin Croat. 2019, 58 (Suppl 2): 76-81.
Akaza H, Hinotsu S, Usami M, Ogawa O, Kagawa S, Kitamura T, Tsukamoto T, Naito S, Hirao Y, Murai M, Yamanaka H, Namiki M: The case for androgen deprivation as primary therapy for early stage disease: results from J-CaP and CaPSURE. J Urol. 2006, 176 (6 Pt 2): S47-9.
Abraham-Miranda J, Awasthi S, Yamoah K: Immunologic disparities in prostate cancer between American men of African and European descent. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2021, 164 (): 103426.
de Vrij J, Willemsen RA, Lindholm L, Hoeben RC, Bangma CH, Barber C, Behr JP, Briggs S, Carlisle R, Cheng WS, Dautzenberg IJ, de Ridder C, Dzojic H, Erbacher P, Essand M, Fisher K, Frazier A, Georgopoulos LJ, Jennings I, Kochanek S, Koppers-Lalic D, Kraaij R, Kreppel F, Magnusson M, Maitland N, Neuberg P, Nugent R, Ogris M, Remy JS, Scaife M, Schenk-Braat E, Schooten E, Seymour L, Slade M, Szyjanowicz P, Totterman T, Uil TG, Ulbrich K, van der Weel L, van Weerden W, Wagner E, Zuber G: Adenovirus-derived vectors for prostate cancer gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 2010, 21 (7): 795-805.
Lee E, Ha S, Logan SK: Divergent Androgen Receptor and Beta-Catenin Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One. 2015, 10 (10): e0141589.
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How to treat prostate cancer?
There are several treatment options available for prostate cancer, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and personal preferences.
Some common treatments include:
1. Active surveillance: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, rather than immediately starting treatment.
It may be suitable for men with low-risk prostate cancer.
2. Surgery: A prostatectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the prostate gland.
It can be done through open surgery or laparoscopically (using small incisions and specialized tools).
3. Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.
It can be delivered externally (from a machine outside the body) or internally (through implants placed near the tumor).
4. Hormone therapy: This treatment reduces the levels of male hormones (androgens) in the body, which can slow or stop the growth of prostate cancer.
It can be used alone or in combination with other treatments.
5. Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
6. Immunotherapy: This treatment helps the immune system fight cancer.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
7. Targeted therapy: This treatment targets specific genes or proteins that help cancer cells grow and survive.
It may be used for advanced prostate cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
8. Cryotherapy: This treatment uses extreme cold to freeze and kill cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
9. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): This treatment uses high-frequency sound waves to heat and destroy cancer cells.
It may be used for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has come back after other treatments.
10. Watchful waiting: This approach involves closely monitoring the cancer with regular checkups and tests, but not starting treatment unless symptoms appear or change.
It may be suitable for older men with slow-growing prostate cancer and other serious health conditions.
It is important to discuss all treatment options with a healthcare team to determine the best course of action for each individual case.
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