Kanser na pechu ta keda diagnostiká dor di un kombinashon di tèst i prosedura, ku por inkluí:
1. Eksamen kliniko di pechu: Un dòkter ta eksaminá e pechu pa wak si tin bulto, kambio di tamaño òf forma òf otro anomalia.
2. Mammogram: Un radiografia di pechu ku por detektá anomalía asta promé ku bo por sinti nan.
3. Ultrasonido: Un tèst ku ta usa ola di zonido pa saka un imágen di e tehido di pechu, ku por yuda determiná si un bulto ta sólido òf yen di likido.
4. MRI: Un MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ta usa un campo magnetico y un radio pa crea imagennan detaya di e tehido di pecho.
5. Biopsia: Ta saka un muestra chikitu di e tejido di pechu i ta analis'é bou di un mikroskopo pa determiná si tin sèlnan di kanser.
6. Análisis di sanger: Por hasi sierto análisis di sanger, manera un análisis di e kantidat di sanger kompleto òf di e tumornan, pa determiná e fase di kanser òf pa kontrolá e tratamentu.
7. Tèst genétiko: Si tin un antecedente familiar di kanser na pechu, por hasi un tèst genétiko pa determiná si tin un mutashon genétiko heredá ku ta oumentá e riesgo di haña kanser na pechu.
8. Bone scan, CT scan, òf PET scan: Por hasi e tèstnan akí pa determiná si e kanser a plama na otro parti di kurpa.
Unabes un diagnóstiko di kanser na pechu ta hasí, por hasi mas tèst pa determiná e etapa i grado di e kanser, loke ta yuda guia e desishonnan di tratamentu.
Zahoor S, Lali IU, Khan MA, Javed K, Mehmood W: Breast Cancer Detection and Classification using Traditional Computer Vision Techniques: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Imaging. 2020, 16 (10): 1187-1200.
Dewar MA, Love N: Legal issues in managing breast disease. Postgrad Med. 1992, 92 (5): 137-40, 143-4, 149-51 passim.
Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan P: Breast cancer statistics and markers. J Cancer Res Ther. , 10 (3): 506-11.
Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.
Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.
Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.
Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.
['Disclaimer: médiko']
['E website aki ta pa informashon i edukashon so i no ta pa duna konseho médiko òf servisio profeshonal.']
['E informashon ku ta ser duná no mester ser usá pa diagnostiká òf trata un problema di salú òf malesa, i esnan ku ta buska konseho médiko personal mester konsultá ku un dòkter ku tin un pèrmit di traha.']
['Por fabor nota e reda neuronal ku ta generá kontesta na e preguntanan, ta spesialmente inakusá ora ta trata di kontenido numériko. Por ehèmpel, e kantidat di hende diagnostiká ku un malesa spesífiko.']
['Semper busca conseho di bo dokter of otro profesional di salud cualifica tocante un condicion medico. Nunca ignora conseho medico profesional of tarda pa busca esaki pa motibo di algo cu bo a lesa riba e website aki. Si bo ta kere cu bo por tin un emergencia medico, yama 911 of bay na e sala di emergencia mas cerca di bo mesora.']
['Copyright: Copyright']
['E Digital Millennium Copyright Act di 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (e DMCA) ta duna derechi di rekurso pa doñonan di derechi di outor ku ta kere ku material ku ta aparesé riba internet ta violá nan derechi bou di lei di derechi di outor di Merka. ']
['Si bo ta kere di buena fe ku kualke kontenido òf material ku ta disponibel riba nos website òf servisio ta violá bo derechi di outor, abo (òf bo representante) por manda nos un notifikashon pa pidi pa kita e kontenido òf material òf pa blokia akseso na dje.']
["Mester manda e anunsio por eskrito via e-mail (wak e sekshon 'Kontacto' pa e-mail adrès)."]
['E DMCA ta eksigí ku bo notifikashon di violashon di derechi di outor ta inkluí e siguiente informashon: (1) deskripshon di e obra ku ta suheto di violashon; (2) deskripshon di e kontenido ku ta viola i informashon sufisiente pa nos por lokalisá e kontenido; (3) informashon di kontakto, inkluyendo bo adrès, number di telefòn i email; (4) un deklarashon di bo ku bo ta kere ku e kontenido no ta outorisá pa e doño di derechi di outor, su agente òf lei.']
['(5) un deklarashon di bo, firma bou di pena di huramentu falsu, ku e informashon den e notifikashon ta korekto i ku bo tin outoridat pa hasi uso di e derechonan di outor ku ta ser akusá di a wòrdu infringi;']
['i (6) un firma físiko òf elektróniko di e doño di derechi di outor òf un persona outorisá pa aktua na nòmber di e doño di derechi di outor.']
['Si bo no duna tur informashon ariba menshoná, e tratamentu di bo keho por tarda.']
['Kontakto']
['Por fabor manda nos un email ku kualke pregunta/sugerencia.']
How is breast cancer diagnosed?
Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.
2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.
3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.
4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.
5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.
7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
Disclaimer: medical
This web site is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute providing medical advice or professional services.
The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, and those seeking personal medical advice should consult with a licensed physician.
Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health provider regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room immediately. No physician-patient relationship is created by this web site or its use. Neither BioMedLib nor its employees, nor any contributor to this web site, makes any representations, express or implied, with respect to the information provided herein or to its use.
Disclaimer: copyright
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the “DMCA”) provides recourse for copyright owners who believe that material appearing on the Internet infringes their rights under U.S. copyright law. If you believe in good faith that any content or material made available in connection with our website or services infringes your copyright, you (or your agent) may send us a notice requesting that the content or material be removed, or access to it blocked. Notices must be sent in writing by email (see 'Contact' section for email address) . The DMCA requires that your notice of alleged copyright infringement include the following information: (1) description of the copyrighted work that is the subject of claimed infringement; (2) description of the alleged infringing content and information sufficient to permit us to locate the content; (3) contact information for you, including your address, telephone number and email address; (4) a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the content in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, or its agent, or by the operation of any law; (5) a statement by you, signed under penalty of perjury, that the information in the notification is accurate and that you have the authority to enforce the copyrights that are claimed to be infringed; and (6) a physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on the copyright owner’s behalf. Failure to include all of the above information may result in the delay of the processing of your complaint.
['Tokante']
['BioMedLib ta usa kòmpiuter outomátiko (algoritmo di siñamentu di mashin) pa generá par di pregunta i kontesta.']
['Nos ta kuminsá ku 35 mion publikashon biomédico di PubMed/Medline. Tambe página di RefinedWeb.']
