Tin diferente factor di riesgo pa cancer di pecho, algun di nan ta modificabel y otronan no.
Aki ta sigui algun di e faktornan di riesgo mas komun:
1. Edat: E riesgo di haña kanser na pechu ta oumentá ku edat, i mayoria di e kasonan ta tuma lugá serka hende muhé di mas ku 50 aña.
2. Historia familiar: Si un famia serka, manera un mama, ruman muhé òf yu muhé, tin kanser na pechu, e riesgo ta mas grandi.
3. Mutashon genétiko: Algun mutashon genétiko heredá, manera BRCA1 i BRCA2, ta oumentá e riesgo di haña kanser na pechu.
4. Historia di reproduccion: Menstruacion trempan, menopausia laat, no tin yiu of tin bo prome yiu despues di 30 aña por aumenta e riesgo.
Terapia di remplasamentu hormonal: Uso di terapia hormonal di estrógeno i progesterona pa un tempu largu despues di menopausa por oumentá e riesgo.
6. Konsumo di alkohòl: Bebementu di alkohòl ta oumentá e riesgo di kanser na pechu.
7. Obesidat: Si bo tin sobrepeso òf ta obeso, e riesgo ta mas grandi, spesialmente despues di menopausa.
8. Aktivo físiko: Falta di aktividat físiko por oumentá e riesgo.
9. Eksposishon na radiashon: Eksposishon na dosis haltu di radiashon, spesialmente durante infansia, por oumentá e riesgo.
10. Densidat di pechu: Hende muhé ku pechu denso tin mas chèns di haña kanser di pechu.
11. Anterior menstruacion: Hende muher cu a cuminsa menstruá trempan (promé ku 12 aña) of cu a menopausa lat (despues di 55 aña) tin un riesgo un tiki mas grandi.
12. Duna lechi di pechu: Hende muhé ku nunka no a duna lechi di pechu tin un riesgo un tiki mas grandi di haña kanser na pechu.
Ta importante pa tene na kuenta ku tin un òf mas faktor di riesgo no ta nifiká ku un persona lo desaroyá kanser di pechu i no tin faktor di riesgo no ta garantisá ku un persona lo no desaroyá kanser di pechu.
Sinembargo, komprondé e faktornan di riesgo por yuda hende tuma desishonnan informá tokante nan salú i por redusí nan riesgo.
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Ho PJ, Lau HSH, Ho WK, Wong FY, Yang Q, Tan KW, Tan MH, Chay WY, Chia KS, Hartman M, Li J: Incidence of breast cancer attributable to breast density, modifiable and non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors in Singapore. Sci Rep. 2020, 10 (1): 503.
Barnard ME, Boeke CE, Tamimi RM: Established breast cancer risk factors and risk of intrinsic tumor subtypes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015, 1856 (1): 73-85.
Hines LM, Risendal B, Slattery ML, Baumgartner KB, Giuliano AR, Sweeney C, Rollison DE, Byers T: Comparative analysis of breast cancer risk factors among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. Cancer. 2010, 116 (13): 3215-23.
Rosner B, Glynn RJ, Eliassen AH, Hankinson SE, Tamimi RM, Chen WY, Holmes MD, Mu Y, Peng C, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Tworoger SS: A Multi-State Survival Model for Time to Breast Cancer Mortality among a Cohort of Initially Disease-Free Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022, 31 (8): 1582-1592.
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What are the risk factors for breast cancer?
There are several risk factors for breast cancer, some of which are modifiable and others that are not.
Here are some of the most common risk factors:
1. Age: The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in women over the age of 50.
2. Family history: Having a close relative, such as a mother, sister, or daughter, with breast cancer increases your risk.
3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
4. Reproductive history: Early menarche (start of menstruation), late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk.
5. Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of combined estrogen and progesterone hormone therapy after menopause can increase the risk.
6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk, especially after menopause.
8. Physical activity: Lack of physical activity can increase the risk.
9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk.
10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of developing breast cancer.
11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early (before age 12) or went through menopause late (after age 55) have a slightly higher risk.
12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more risk factors does not mean that a person will definitely develop breast cancer, and not having any risk factors does not guarantee that a person will not develop breast cancer.
However, understanding these risk factors can help individuals make informed decisions about their health and potentially reduce their risk.
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