Patofiziologija pljučnega raka se nanaša na spremembe v normalnih fizioloških procesih in mehanizmih, ki se pojavijo pri razvoju in napredovanju pljučnega raka.
Rak pljuč je zapletena bolezen, ki nastane zaradi nekontrolirane rasti in delitve nenormalnih celic v pljučih.
Te celice lahko tvorijo tumorje in se razširijo na druge dele telesa, kar vodi do različnih simptomov in zapletov.
Patofiziologija pljučnega raka vključuje več dejavnikov, vključno z genetski mutacijami, dejavniki okolja in izbiro življenjskega sloga.
Genetske mutacije se lahko pojavijo v DNK pljučnih celic, kar vodi do nekontrolirane rasti in delitve celic.
Te mutacije so lahko podedovane ali pridobljene in jih lahko povzroči izpostavljenost rakotvornim snovem, kot so tobakov dim, radon, azbest in onesnaževanje zraka.
Rak pljuč se lahko razvrsti v dve glavni vrsti: rak pljuč z majhnimi celicami (SCLC) in rak pljuč brez majhnih celic (NSCLC). NSCLC je nadalje razdeljen na tri podvrste: adenokarcinom, karcinom s ploščatimi celicami in karcinom z velikimi celicami.
Patofiziologija teh vrst pljučnega raka se lahko razlikuje, saj imajo različne genetske mutacije in se drugače odzivajo na zdravljenje.
Patofiziologija pljučnega raka vključuje tudi interakcijo med rakavimi celicami in okoliškimi tkivi, vključno z imunskim sistemom.
Rakave celice se lahko izognejo imunski sistemu, kar jim omogoča, da rastejo in se širijo brez nadzora.
Poleg tega lahko mikrookolje tumorja spodbuja rast in metastazo tumorja z zagotavljanjem podpornega okolja za rakave celice.
Patofiziologija pljučnega raka je zapleten in dinamičen proces, raziskovalci pa nenehno delajo na boljšem razumevanju osnovnih mehanizmov, da bi razvili učinkovitejša zdravljenja in izboljšali izide bolnikov.
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Nurwidya F, Syahruddin E, Yunus F: Pain management in lung cancer. Adv Respir Med. 2016, 84 (6): 331-336.
Khan KA, Kennedy MP, Moore E, Crush L, Prendeville S, Maher MM, Burke L, Henry MT: Radiological characteristics, histological features and clinical outcomes of lung cancer patients with coexistent idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lung. 2015, 193 (1): 71-7.
Paramanantham A, Asfiya R, Das S, McCully G, Srivastava A: Extracellular Vesicle (EVs) Associated Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci. 2022, 23 (21): .
Lee D, Kim Y, Chung C: Scientific Validation and Clinical Application of Lung Cancer Organoids. Cells. 2021, 10 (11): .
Mucchietto V, Crespi A, Fasoli F, Clementi F, Gotti C: Neuronal Acetylcholine Nicotinic Receptors as New Targets for Lung Cancer Treatment. Curr Pharm Des. 2016, 22 (14): 2160-9.
Opozorilo: medicinsko
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What is pathophysiology of lung cancer?
The pathophysiology of lung cancer refers to the changes in the normal physiological processes and mechanisms that occur in the development and progression of lung cancer.
Lung cancer is a complex disease that arises from the uncontrolled growth and division of abnormal cells in the lungs.
These cells can form tumors and spread to other parts of the body, leading to various symptoms and complications.
The pathophysiology of lung cancer involves several factors, including genetic mutations, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Genetic mutations can occur in the DNA of lung cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and division.
These mutations can be inherited or acquired, and they can be caused by exposure to carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, radon, asbestos, and air pollution.
Lung cancer can be classified into two main types: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC is further divided into three subtypes: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
The pathophysiology of these types of lung cancer can differ, as they have different genetic mutations and respond differently to treatment.
The pathophysiology of lung cancer also involves the interaction between cancer cells and the surrounding tissue, including the immune system.
Cancer cells can evade the immune system, allowing them to grow and spread unchecked.
Additionally, the tumor microenvironment can promote tumor growth and metastasis by providing a supportive environment for cancer cells.
The pathophysiology of lung cancer is a complex and dynamic process, and researchers are continuously working to better understand the underlying mechanisms to develop more effective treatments and improve patient outcomes.
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