Urticaria, e e itsegeng gape jaaka motlhwa, ke bolwetse jwa letlalo jo bo lemogiwang ka go nna le matshwao a mahibidu, a a babalesegileng le a a rurugileng mo letlalong.
Go ka bakwa ke dilo tse di farologaneng, go akaretsa go nna le ditlhabi, go tshwaediwa ke megare le melemo mengwe.
Go bona gore motho o tshwerwe ke urticaria go akaretsa go sekaseka hisitori ya gagwe ya kalafi, go mo tlhatlhoba mmele mme ka dinako tse dingwe go dira diteko tsa laboratori.
1. Hisitori ya kalafi: Ngaka e tla botsa ka hisitori ya kalafi ya molwetse, go akaretsa le gore a o na le matshwao ape a a itseweng a go ganwa ke dijo dingwe, gore o sa tswa go lwala leng le gore o ntse a nwa melemo efe.
Gape ba tla go botsa gore matshwao a bolwetse a simologile leng, a tsere lobaka lo lo kae le gore ke eng se se ka tswang se go tshwentse.
2. Go tlhatlhoba mmele: Ngaka e tla tlhatlhoba letlalo go bona gore a go na le matsadi, bogolo jwa one le gore a gasame go le kana kang.
Gape ba ka nna ba batla matshwao a mangwe a gore o na le bothata jwa go ganwa ke dijo, a a jaaka go ruruga ga sefatlhego, dipounama kgotsa loleme.
3. Diteko tsa laboratori: Mo mabakeng mangwe, ngaka e ka nna ya laela gore go dirwe diteko tsa madi go bona gore a ga o na bothata jwa go ganwa ke dijo dingwe kgotsa jwa go tshwaediwa ke megare.
Go ka nna ga dirwa diteko tsa letlalo, tse di jaaka go tlhabiwa letlalo kgotsa go tshasiwa letlalo go bona gore ke dife tse di bakang gore motho a nne le allergy.
4. Diteko tsa go lwantsha go ganwa ke dijo dingwe: Fa ngaka e belaela gore molwetse o ganwa ke dijo dingwe, e ka nna ya mo romela kwa ngakeng e e alafang malwetse a a bakwang ke dijo dingwe gore a ye go tlhatlhobiwa gape.
Seno se ka akaretsa go tlhabiwa letlalo, go tshasiwa dithišu tsa letlalo kgotsa go tlhatlhobiwa madi go bona gore ke dilo dife tse di ka bakang gore motho a nne le allergy.
5. Go tlhatlhoba bolwetse: Ngaka e tla sekaseka le dilo tse dingwe tse di ka tswang di baka matshwao ano, tse di jaaka malwetse a mangwe a letlalo kgotsa a mangwe a a ka tswang a sa bolo go nna gone, mme e ka nna ya laela gore go dirwe diteko tse dingwe go tlhomamisa gore a ga se one.
6. Diteko tsa go dira gore motho a nne le bothata: Mo mabakeng a go nna le bothata jwa go tswa madi mo mmeleng, fa motho a tswa madi ka ntlha ya go utlwa mogote, serame kgotsa go gatelelwa, ngaka e ka nna ya dira teko ya go mo dira gore a nne le bothata jwa go tswa madi mo mmeleng go tlhomamisa gore o tshwerwe ke bolwetse joo.
Seno se akaretsa go baya letlalo mo selong se go belaelwang gore se ka baka bolwetse bongwe gore o bone gore a bo tla dira gore o lwale.
7. Diteko tsa go lwantsha malwetse a mmele: Fa motho a na le bolwetse jo bo sa foleng jwa urticaria, ngaka e ka nna ya mo laela gore a dirwe diteko go bona gore a ga a na malwetse a mmele a a lwantshang malwetse a mmele, ka gonne ka dinako tse dingwe malwetse ano ke one a ka bakang bolwetse jono.
8. Diteko tsa go tlhatlhoba ka go dirisa ditshwantsho: Mo mabakeng a a sa tlwaelegang, go ka nna ga dirwa diteko tsa go tlhatlhoba ka go dirisa ditshwantsho tse di jaaka X-ray kgotsa CT scan go tlhomamisa gore ga go na malwetse a mangwe a a ka bakang matshwao a a tshwanang.
Ka kakaretso, go tlhatlhoba urticaria go akaretsa go tlhatlhoba hisitori ya kalafi, go tlhatlhoba mmele, mme ka dinako tse dingwe go dira diteko tsa laboratori.
Boikaelelo jwa go dira jalo ke go lemoga se tota se bakang bolwetse le go bona kalafi e e molemolemo e molwetse a ka e newang.
Torabi B, Ben-Shoshan M: The association of cholinergic and cold-induced urticaria: diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015 (): .
Schoepke N, Doumoulakis G, Maurer M: Diagnosis of urticaria. Indian J Dermatol. 2013, 58 (3): 211-8.
Hochstadter EF, Ben-Shoshan M: Cold-induced urticaria: challenges in diagnosis and management. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 (): .
Ensina LF, Brandão LS, Neto HC, Ben-Shoshan M: Urticaria and angioedema in children and adolescents: diagnostic challenge. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022, 50 (S Pt 1): 17-29.
Silvestre Salvador JF, Giménez-Arnau AM, Gómez de la Fuente E, González Del Castillo J, Martínez Virto AM, Miguens Blanco I, Serra-Baldrich E, Llorens P: Managing urticaria in the emergency department: recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel. Emergencias. 2021, 33 (4): 299-308.
Visitsuntorn N, Tuchinda M, Arunyanark N, Kerdsomnuk S: Ice cube test in children with cold urticaria. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 1992, 10 (2): 111-5.
['Go se ikarabele: kalafi']
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['Tshedimosetso e e neelwang ga e a tshwanela go dirisiwa go bona bolwetse kana go alafa bothata jwa botsogo, mme batho ba ba batlang kgakololo ya kalafi ba tshwanetse go ikgolaganya le ngaka e e nang le laesense.']
['Tsweetswee ela tlhoko gore thulaganyo ya methapo e e dirang dikarabo tsa dipotso tseno, ga e a tlhomama fa go tla mo dilong tsa dipalo. Ka sekai, palo ya batho ba ba nang le bolwetse bongwe jo bo rileng.']
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['DMCA e batla gore kitsiso ya gago ya go tlolwa ga ditshwanelo tsa gago e akaretse tshedimosetso e e latelang: (1) tlhaloso ya tiro e e sireleditsweng ka ditshwanelo e go tweng e tlotswe; (2) tlhaloso ya diteng tse go tweng di tlotswe le tshedimosetso e e lekaneng go re letla go bona diteng; (3) tshedimosetso ya go ikgolaganya le wena, go akaretsa aterese ya gago, nomoro ya mogala le aterese ya imeile; (4) polelo ya gago ya gore o dumela ka pelo yotlhe gore diteng tse di tlotsweng ga di a letlelelwa ke mong wa ditshwanelo tsa gago, kgotsa moemedi wa gagwe, kgotsa ka molao ope; ']
['(5) polelo e e saenilweng ke wena, e e supang gore tshedimosetso e e mo kitsisong e boammaaruri le gore o na le thata ya go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa botaki tse go tweng di gatakilwe;']
['le (6) saena ya mmatota kgotsa ya eleketeroniki ya mong wa tshwanelo ya go gatisa kgotsa motho yo o filweng tetla ya go dira mo boemong jwa mong wa tshwanelo ya go gatisa. ']
['Fa o sa akaretse tshedimosetso yotlhe e e fa godimo e ka nna ya diegisa go sekasekwa ga ngongorego ya gago.']
['Go Ikgolaganya']
['Tsweetswee re romelele imeile ka potso/kgakololo epe fela.']
How is urticaria diagnosed?
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin.
It can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, infections, and certain medications.
Diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
1. Medical history: The doctor will ask about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies, recent illnesses, and medications taken.
They will also inquire about the onset of symptoms, their duration, and any potential triggers.
2. Physical examination: The doctor will examine the skin for the presence of welts, their size, and distribution.
They may also check for other signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
3. Laboratory tests: In some cases, the doctor may order blood tests to check for the presence of allergies or infections.
Skin tests, such as a skin prick test or patch test, may also be performed to identify specific allergens.
4. Allergy tests: If the doctor suspects an allergic reaction, they may refer the patient to an allergist for further testing.
This may include skin prick tests, patch tests, or blood tests to identify specific allergens.
5. Differential diagnosis: The doctor will also consider other possible causes of the symptoms, such as other skin conditions or underlying medical conditions, and may order additional tests to rule these out.
6. Provocation tests: In cases of physical urticaria, where the hives are triggered by physical stimuli such as heat, cold, or pressure, the doctor may perform a provocation test to confirm the diagnosis.
This involves exposing the skin to the suspected trigger to see if a reaction occurs.
7. Autoimmune tests: In cases of chronic urticaria, the doctor may order tests to check for autoimmune disorders, as these can sometimes cause the condition.
8. Imaging tests: In rare cases, imaging tests such as an X-ray or CT scan may be ordered to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.
Overall, diagnosing urticaria involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests.
The goal is to identify the underlying cause and determine the best course of treatment for the patient.
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