Urticaria, e e itsegeng thata jaaka motlhwa, ke bolwetse jwa letlalo jo bo lemogiwang ka go nna le ditlhagala tse di golelang kwa godimo tse di ka nnang teng mo karolong nngwe le nngwe ya mmele.
E ka bakwa ke dilo tse di farologaneng, go akaretsa go nna le ditlhabi, go tshwaediwa ke megare kgotsa bolwetse bongwe jo bo rileng.
Kalafi ya urticaria e ikaegile ka gore bolwetse jono bo masisi go le kana kang le gore bo bakilwe ke eng.
Dingwe tsa ditsela tse di tlwaelegileng tsa go alafa ke tseno:
1. Diokobatsi tse di lwantshang go ruruga ga dithishu tsa mmele: Diokobatsi tseno di thusa go fokotsa go baba le go ruruga ga dithishu tsa mmele ka go thibela histamine, e leng khemikale e e ntshiwang ke mmele fa o na le bothata jwa go utlwa ditlhabi.
Di-antihistamine tse di sa tlhokeng go rekwa jaaka diphenhydramine (Benadryl) kgotsa loratadine (Claritin) di ka thusa thata mo maemong a a seng maswe thata.
Mo mabakeng a a masisi thata, ngaka e ka nna ya go naya di-antihistamine tse di maatla.
2. Di-corticosteroid: Mo mabakeng a mo go one di-antihistamine di sa berekeng, go ka nna ga dirisiwa di-corticosteroid tse di jaaka prednisone go fokotsa go ruruga le go thibela thulaganyo ya mmele ya go lwantsha malwetse.
Gantsi diokobatsi tseno di nowa ka molomo mme di ka thusa ka bonako.
3. Diokobatsi tse di thibelang mmele go lwantsha malwetse: Mo bathong ba ba nang le bolwetse jwa urticaria jo bo sa foleng jo bo sa alafiweng ka kalafi epe e nngwe, go ka nna ga dirisiwa diokobatsi tse di thibelang mmele go lwantsha malwetse tse di jaaka cyclosporine kgotsa methotrexate go thibela thulaganyo ya mmele ya go lwantsha malwetse le go fokotsa go ruruga.
4. Omalizumab: Mofuta ono wa kalafi ke selwantsha-mogare se se ka entwang se se tlhaselang le go thibela immunoglobulin E (IgE), poroteine e e dirang gore motho a nne le ditlhabi.
Gantsi e dirisiwa mo go alafeng urticaria e e sa foleng e e sa tsibogeleng kalafi epe e nngwe.
5. Tila dilo tse di ka dirang gore o nne le bolwetse jono: Go lemoga le go tila dilo tse di ka dirang gore o nne le bolwetse jono go ka thusa go thibela gore bo se ka jwa go tlhasela.
Gantsi go bakwa ke dijo dingwe, melemo, go longwa ke ditshenekegi, mogote, serame kgotsa letsatsi.
6. Go phuthela ka metsi a a tsididi: Go phuthela ka metsi a a tsididi mo lefelong le le nang le bolwetse go ka thusa go fokotsa go baba le go ruruga.
7. Go phuthela ka metsi: Go phuthela ka metsi go ka dirisiwa go okobatsa go baba le go fokotsa go ruruga.
Go phuthelwa letsela le le metsi mo lefelong le le nang le bolwetse, mme go bo go bewa letsela le le omileng mo godimo ga lone gore le se ka la koloba.
8. Kalafi ya go dirisa lesedi: Go dirisa lesedi la ultraviolet go ka thusa go fokotsa thulaganyo ya mmele ya go lwantsha malwetse le go fokotsa go ruruga mo mabakeng mangwe a go nna le bothata jwa go nna le ditlhagala tse di sa foleng.
Go botlhokwa gore o kopane le ngaka gore o tle o kgone go bona gore ke bolwetse bofe jo bo bakang urticaria le gore o tle o kgone go bo alafa.
Ba ka thusa go bona gore bothata ke eng le go akantsha kalafi e e tshwanetseng.
Deleanu D, Nedelea I, Petricau C, Leru P, Dumitrascu D, Muntean A: Clinical impact of omalizumab in refractory chronic urticaria: One centre experience. Exp Ther Med. 2019, 18 (6): 5078-5081.
Grundmann SA, Kiefer S, Luger TA, Brehler R: Delayed pressure urticaria - dapsone heading for first-line therapy? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2011, 9 (11): 908-12.
Staumont-Sallé D, Piette F, Delaporte E: [Etiological diagnosis and treatment of chronic urticaria]. Rev Med Interne. 2003, 24 (1): 34-44.
Akashi R, Ishiguro N, Shimizu S, Kawashima M: Clinical study of the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chronic urticaria and prurigo chronica multiformis: effectiveness of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori. J Dermatol. 2011, 38 (8): 761-6.
Calogiuri G, Nettis E, Mandurino-Mirizzi A, Di Leo E, Macchia L, Foti C, Vacca A, Kounis NG: Omalizumab for the Treatment of Persistent Drug Induced Urticaria Elicited by Thienopyridines: A Case Report. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2020, 19 (3): 335-339.
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How to treat urticaria?
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by itchy, raised welts that can appear on any part of the body.
It can be caused by various factors, including allergic reactions, infections, or underlying medical conditions.
Treatment for urticaria depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause.
Here are some common treatment options:
1. Antihistamines: These medications help to reduce itching and swelling by blocking the effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction.
Over-the-counter antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or loratadine (Claritin) can be effective in mild cases.
In more severe cases, a doctor may prescribe stronger antihistamines.
2. Corticosteroids: In cases where antihistamines are not effective, corticosteroids such as prednisone may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
These medications are usually taken orally and can provide quick relief.
3. Immunosuppressants: In cases of chronic urticaria that do not respond to other treatments, immunosuppressant drugs such as cyclosporine or methotrexate may be prescribed to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation.
4. Omalizumab: This medication is an injectable monoclonal antibody that targets and blocks immunoglobulin E (IgE), a protein involved in allergic reactions.
It is typically used for chronic urticaria that does not respond to other treatments.
5. Avoid triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers that cause urticaria can help prevent outbreaks.
Common triggers include certain foods, medications, insect bites, and exposure to heat, cold, or sunlight.
6. Cold compress: Applying a cold compress to the affected area can help reduce itching and swelling.
7. Wet wraps: Wet wraps can be used to soothe itching and reduce inflammation.
A damp cloth is wrapped around the affected area, and then a dry cloth is placed over it to retain moisture.
8. Phototherapy: Exposure to ultraviolet light can help suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in some cases of chronic urticaria.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment of urticaria.
They can help determine the underlying cause and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan.
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