Ýürek krizi üçin birnäçe howp faktorlary bar, şular:
1. Ýyl: Ýürek keseli mümkinçiligi ýaşyň geçmegi bilen artýar, esasanam, erkek adamlar 45 ýaşdan we aýallar 55 ýaşdan geçende.
2. Kolesterolüň köpelmegi: LDL (ýamany) we HDL (ýagşy) holesterolüň köpelmegi ýüregiň agyrmasy mümkinçiligi artýar.
3. Ganyň ýokary basymy: Ganyň ýokary basymyny kontrol etmesek, arteriýalary zaýalap, ýürek krizi howpyny artdyrýar.
4. Şekerli kesel: Şekerli keselden ejir çekýän adamlar gan damarlaryna zyýan ýetirýän agyr gan keseli sebäpli agyr gan keseli (ýürek krizi) mümkinçiligi has köp.
5. Köp agramlylyk: Köp agramlylyk başga bir howply zatlar bilen bagly bolup, ýürek krizi howplylygyny artdyrýar.
6. Jümle etme: Jümle etmeýän adam ýüreginiň agyramasyna we infarkta uçraýar.
7. Tüssek çekmek: Tüssek çekmek gan damarlaryna zyýan ýetirýändigi üçin, gan pürsmegi mümkin.
8. Maşgala taryhy: Maşgalada öň ýürek keseliniň bolandygy sebäpli, ýüregi tutma howpy artýar.
9. Ýüregiň aýagynyň gyýylyşy: Bu ýürek ýaryşynyň we ýokanç keseliň bolmagynyň mümkinçiligi artýan döwüksiz ýürek ritmidir.
10. Öňki ýüreginiň awamasy ýa - da ýokanç keseli: Öňki ýüreginiň awamasy ýa - da ýokanç keseli bolan adamlaryň ýene - de şeýle keseli geçiriş mümkinçiligi has köp bolýar.
11. Stress: Ýüregiň agyrysyny çekýän adamda ýüreginiň agyrysy bolýar.
12. Awtoimmun keselçilikleri: lupus we reumatoid artrit ýaly keselçilikler aýallarda ýürek keselliginiň bolmagyny has - da kynlaşdyrýar.
13. Göwrelilik bilen bagly saglyk kynçylyklary: Göwrelilikde süýji süýji keseline ýa - da ganspermiya (ganspermiýa) bolan aýallarda gelejekde ýüreginiň kesellänmegi mümkin.
14. Östrogen azlyk: Menopozdan ýa-da göwrelilikden geçýän aýallarda östrogen azlyk edýär.
Ýagşylyk we dermanlaryň köpüsiniň dermanlaryň köpüsinden has gymmatlydygyny görkezýän käbir maglumatlar bar.
Yzygiderli barlagdan geçmek, saglykly iýmitlenmek, yzygiderli beden meşgullanyşygy etmek, çilim çekmekden el çekmek we ganyň ýokary basymy we şekerli kesel ýaly agyr keselçilikleri bejermek ýürek krizi howplylygyny azaltmaga kömek edýär.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais: a street-intercept survey method. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010, 16 (5): 492-8.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Zawiah M, Elnaem MH, Mohamed Ibrahim MI: Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020, 13 (): 3089-3102.
Fussman C, Rafferty AP, Reeves MJ, Zackery S, Lyon-Callo S, Anderson B: Racial disparities in knowledge of stroke and heart attack risk factors and warning signs among Michigan adults. Ethn Dis. 2009, 19 (2): 128-34.
Ahmed AAA, Al-Shami AM, Jamshed S, Fata Nahas AR: Development of questionnaire on awareness and action towards symptoms and risk factors of heart attack and stroke among a Malaysian population. BMC Public Health. 2019, 19 (1): 1300.
Hwang SY, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Korean immigrants' knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors. J Immigr Minor Health. 2008, 10 (1): 67-72.
Fukuoka Y, Oh YJ: Perceived Heart Attack Likelihood in Adults with a High Diabetes Risk. Heart Lung. , 52 (): 42-47.
Poomsrikaew O, Ryan CJ, Zerwic JJ: Knowledge of heart attack symptoms and risk factors among native Thais. West J Nurs Res. 2009, 31 (8): 1088-9.
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What are the risk factors for heart attack?
There are several risk factors for heart attack, including:
1. Age: The risk of heart attack increases with age, especially after the age of 45 for men and 55 for women.
2. High cholesterol levels: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol can increase the risk of heart attack.
3. High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack.
4. Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar can cause to blood vessels.
5. Being overweight or obese: Excess weight can increase the risk of heart attack by contributing to other risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
6. Not exercising: Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
7. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for heart attack, as it damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of blood clots.
8. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the risk of heart attack.
9. Atrial fibrillation: This is an irregular heart rhythm that can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
10. Previous heart attack or stroke: People who have had a previous heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of having another one.
11. Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of heart disease and increase the risk of heart attack.
12. Autoimmune conditions: Conditions such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of heart disease in women.
13. Pregnancy-related health problems: Women who develop gestational diabetes or hypertension during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing heart disease later in life.
14. Low estrogen levels: Women who have gone through menopause or had a hysterectomy have lower levels of estrogen, which can increase their risk of heart disease compared to women who have not.
It is important to note that while some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, many others can be managed through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes can help reduce the risk of heart attack.
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