Ýüregiň hüjüminiň patofiziologiyasy, myokard infarkty hökmünde hem tanalýar, bu ýürek mäýşiniň bir bölegine gan akyşynyň bozulmagyny, bu bolsa ýürek öýjükleriniň ölmegine eltýär.
Bu adaty ýagdaýda koronariýa arteriýasynyň gan topak bilen tıkanmagy sebäpli bolýar, bu köplenç ateroskleroz netijesidir, bu arteriýada plak birikdirýän ýagdaý.
Bu ýagyş ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyş ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyş ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyşdan ybarat bolup, ýagyşdan ybarat bolup durýar.
Plaka ýyrtylsa, bu gan pykmasynyň döremegine sebäp bolup, arteriýany böküp, kislorodly ganyň ýürek aýagyna ýetmegine päsgel berýär.
Bu kislorodyň ýetmezligi ýüregiň süňk öýjükleriniň ölmegine sebäp bolup, ýüregiň tutmagyna eltýär.
Ýaralanyň möçberi gapylan arteriýa tarapyndan suw bilen üpjün edilýän ýeriniň ululygyna we hüjüm bilen bejergi aralygyndaky wagta bagly.
Ýürek krizi alamatyna döşekde agyry ýa-da biynjalyk, dem almak kynlygy, ýadamazlyk, başyň ýuwaşlygy, el, boýun, çeňňek ýa-da yzagyň agyry degişli.
Ýürek kriziniň bejerişine, adaty, gan akmasynyň ýüreginiň aýagyna mümkin boldugyndan çalt gaýdyp gelmegi derman ýa-da angioplasti we stent ýa-da koronariýany aýlanýan arter operasiýasy ýaly usullar bilen baglanyşykly.
Ýürek kriziniň patofiziologiyasynyň murekkepdigini we genetik, ýaşaýş usuly we daşky şertler ýaly köp faktorlary öz içine alýandygyny unutmaly däl.
Ýürek krizi üçin howp faktorlaryna ganyň ýokary basymy, ganyň ýokary kolesteroli, çilim çekmek, şekerli kesel, semizlik, beden aktivliginiň ýetmezligi we maşgalada ýürek keselligi taryhy girýär.
Bu howp faktorlaryny başarmaýak ýüreginiň ýitmegi mümkinçiligini azaltmaga kömek edýär.
Scott J: Pathophysiology and biochemistry of cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2004, 14 (3): 271-9.
Liu Chung Ming C, Sesperez K, Ben-Sefer E, Arpon D, McGrath K, McClements L, Gentile C: Considerations to Model Heart Disease in Women with Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells. 2021, 10 (4): .
Hansen J, Victor RG: Direct measurement of sympathetic activity: new insights into disordered blood pressure regulation in chronic renal failure. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1994, 3 (6): 636-43.
LaMacchia JC, Roth MB: Aquaporins-2 and -4 regulate glycogen metabolism and survival during hyposmotic-anoxic stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015, 309 (2): C92-6.
Tham YK, Bernardo BC, Ooi JY, Weeks KL, McMullen JR: Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: signaling pathways and novel therapeutic targets. Arch Toxicol. 2015, 89 (9): 1401-38.
Lonn E: The clinical relevance of pharmacological blood pressure lowering mechanisms. Can J Cardiol. 2004, 20 Suppl B (): 83B-88B.
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What is pathophysiology of heart attack?
The pathophysiology of a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, involves the disruption of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to the death of heart cells.
This typically occurs due to the obstruction of a coronary artery by a blood clot, which is often the result of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries.
The plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.
When a plaque ruptures, it can cause a blood clot to form, which can block the artery and prevent oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart muscle.
This lack of oxygen causes the heart muscle cells to die, leading to a heart attack.
The extent of the damage depends on the size of the area supplied by the blocked artery and the time between the attack and treatment.
Symptoms of a heart attack can include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
Treatment for a heart attack usually involves restoring blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible, either through medication or procedures such as angioplasty and stenting or coronary artery bypass surgery.
It is important to note that the pathophysiology of a heart attack is complex and involves multiple factors, including genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors.
Risk factors for heart attack include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, lack of physical activity, and a family history of heart disease.
Managing these risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack.
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