Urticaria, ambayo kwa kawaida hujulikana kama kikohozi, ni ugonjwa wa ngozi unaoonyeshwa na vidonda vyenye kukohoa na vilivyoinuka vinavyoweza kuonekana katika sehemu yoyote ya mwili.
Inaweza kusababishwa na mambo mbalimbali, kutia ndani mzio, maambukizo, au magonjwa mengine.
Matibabu ya urticaria hutegemea ukali wa hali hiyo na kisababishi chake.
Zifuatazo ni baadhi ya matibabu ya kawaida:
1. Antihistamines: Dawa hizo husaidia kupunguza homa na uvimbe kwa kuzuia athari za histamine, kemikali inayotolewa na mwili wakati wa mmenyuko wa mzio.
Dawa za antihistamine zisizo na dawa kama vile diphenhydramine (Benadryl) au loratadine (Claritin) zinaweza kuwa na ufanisi katika visa vya upole.
Katika visa vikali zaidi, daktari aweza kuagiza dawa zenye nguvu zaidi za kupambana na kisukari.
2. Korticosteroids: Katika visa ambapo antihistamines si ufanisi, corticosteroids kama vile prednisone inaweza kuagizwa ili kupunguza uchochezi na kukandamiza mfumo wa kinga.
Dawa hizo kwa kawaida huchukuliwa kwa mdomo na zaweza kutoa kitulizo cha haraka.
Dawa za kudhibiti kinga: Katika visa vya urticaria sugu ambazo hazijibu matibabu mengine, dawa za kudhibiti kinga kama cyclosporine au methotrexate zinaweza kuagizwa ili kudhibiti mfumo wa kinga na kupunguza uchochezi.
4. Omalizumab: Dawa hii ni kinga ya monoclonal inayoweza kuingizwa ambayo inalenga na kuzuia immunoglobulin E (IgE), protini inayohusika katika athari za mzio.
Kwa kawaida hutumiwa kwa urticaria sugu ambayo haijibu kwa matibabu mengine.
Sababu za kawaida ni pamoja na vyakula fulani, dawa, kuumwa na wadudu, na kupatwa na joto, baridi, au mwangaza wa jua.
6. Kunyoosha kwa baridi: Kutumia kunyoosha kwa baridi kwenye eneo lililoathiriwa kunaweza kusaidia kupunguza uchovu na uvimbe.
7. Vifuniko vilivyo na unyevu: Vifuniko vilivyo na unyevu vinaweza kutumiwa kutuliza uchovu na kupunguza uchochezi.
Kitambaa chenye unyevu hufunikwa kuzunguka eneo lililoathiriwa, kisha kitambaa kavu huwekwa juu yake ili kudumisha unyevu.
8. Tiba ya mwangaza: Mwangaza wa miale ya ultraviolet waweza kusaidia kuzuia mfumo wa kinga na kupunguza uchochezi katika visa fulani vya urticaria sugu.
Ni muhimu kushauriana na mtaalamu wa huduma za afya kwa ajili ya utambuzi sahihi na matibabu ya urticaria.
Wanaweza kusaidia kuamua kisababishi cha ugonjwa huo na kupendekeza matibabu yanayofaa zaidi.
Deleanu D, Nedelea I, Petricau C, Leru P, Dumitrascu D, Muntean A: Clinical impact of omalizumab in refractory chronic urticaria: One centre experience. Exp Ther Med. 2019, 18 (6): 5078-5081.
Grundmann SA, Kiefer S, Luger TA, Brehler R: Delayed pressure urticaria - dapsone heading for first-line therapy? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2011, 9 (11): 908-12.
Staumont-Sallé D, Piette F, Delaporte E: [Etiological diagnosis and treatment of chronic urticaria]. Rev Med Interne. 2003, 24 (1): 34-44.
Akashi R, Ishiguro N, Shimizu S, Kawashima M: Clinical study of the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chronic urticaria and prurigo chronica multiformis: effectiveness of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori. J Dermatol. 2011, 38 (8): 761-6.
Calogiuri G, Nettis E, Mandurino-Mirizzi A, Di Leo E, Macchia L, Foti C, Vacca A, Kounis NG: Omalizumab for the Treatment of Persistent Drug Induced Urticaria Elicited by Thienopyridines: A Case Report. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2020, 19 (3): 335-339.
Kanusho la dhima: matibabu
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Tafadhali kumbuka mtandao wa neva ambao hutengeneza majibu ya maswali, ni hasa usio sahihi linapokuja maudhui ya nambari. Kwa mfano, idadi ya watu waliogunduliwa na ugonjwa fulani.
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How to treat urticaria?
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by itchy, raised welts that can appear on any part of the body.
It can be caused by various factors, including allergic reactions, infections, or underlying medical conditions.
Treatment for urticaria depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause.
Here are some common treatment options:
1. Antihistamines: These medications help to reduce itching and swelling by blocking the effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction.
Over-the-counter antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or loratadine (Claritin) can be effective in mild cases.
In more severe cases, a doctor may prescribe stronger antihistamines.
2. Corticosteroids: In cases where antihistamines are not effective, corticosteroids such as prednisone may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
These medications are usually taken orally and can provide quick relief.
3. Immunosuppressants: In cases of chronic urticaria that do not respond to other treatments, immunosuppressant drugs such as cyclosporine or methotrexate may be prescribed to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation.
4. Omalizumab: This medication is an injectable monoclonal antibody that targets and blocks immunoglobulin E (IgE), a protein involved in allergic reactions.
It is typically used for chronic urticaria that does not respond to other treatments.
5. Avoid triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers that cause urticaria can help prevent outbreaks.
Common triggers include certain foods, medications, insect bites, and exposure to heat, cold, or sunlight.
6. Cold compress: Applying a cold compress to the affected area can help reduce itching and swelling.
7. Wet wraps: Wet wraps can be used to soothe itching and reduce inflammation.
A damp cloth is wrapped around the affected area, and then a dry cloth is placed over it to retain moisture.
8. Phototherapy: Exposure to ultraviolet light can help suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in some cases of chronic urticaria.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment of urticaria.
They can help determine the underlying cause and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan.
Disclaimer: medical
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