Ke dilo dife tse di ka dirang gore motho a nne le kankere ya mabele?
Go na le dilo di le mmalwa tse di ka dirang gore motho a nne le kankere ya mabele, tse dingwe tsa tsone di ka fetolwang mme tse dingwe ga di fetolwe.
Mangwe a mabaka a a tlwaelegileng a a ka dirang gore o nne mo kotsing ke ano:
1. Dingwaga: Kotsi ya go tshwarwa ke kankere ya mabele e oketsega fa motho a ntse a gola, mme gantsi e tshwara basadi ba ba nang le dingwaga tse di fetang 50.
2. Go nna le kankere mo lelapeng: Go nna le mongwe wa losika yo o nang le kankere ya mabele, jaaka mmè, kgaitsadi kgotsa morwadi, go ka dira gore o nne mo kotsing ya go tshwarwa ke kankere.
3. Go fetoga ga dijini: Go fetoga ga dijini dingwe tse di jaaka BRCA1 le BRCA2 go oketsa kotsi ya go tshwarwa ke kankere ya mabele.
4. Go nna le bana: Go simolola go bona kgwedi pele ga nako, go khutla go bona kgwedi morago ga nako, go se nne le bana kgotsa go nna le ngwana wa ntlha morago ga dingwaga di le 30 go ka oketsa kotsi.
Kalafi ya go emisetsa dihoromone: Go dirisa dihoromone tse di kopantsweng tsa estrogen le progesterone ka lobaka lo loleele morago ga go khutla ga modikologo wa go bona kgwedi go ka oketsa kotsi.
6. Go nwa bojalwa: Go nwa bojalwa go oketsa kotsi ya go tshwarwa ke kankere ya mabele.
7. Bokima jo bo feteletseng: Go nna mokima thata go oketsa kotsi, segolobogolo morago ga go khutla ga modikologo wa go bona kgwedi.
8. Go itshidila mmele: Go se itshidile mmele go ka oketsa kotsi ya go tshwarwa ke bolwetse jono.
9. Go tsenwa ke marang: Go tsenwa ke marang a mantsi, segolobogolo fa o sa ntse o le ngwana, go ka oketsa kotsi ya go tsenwa ke bolwetse jono.
10. Go kitlana ga mabele: Basadi ba ba nang le mabele a a kitlaneng ba mo kotsing e kgolo ya go tshwarwa ke kankere ya mabele.
11. Go bona kgwedi pele ga nako: Basadi ba ba simolotseng go bona kgwedi pele ga nako (pele ga dingwaga tse 12) kgotsa ba ba ileng ba tlogela go bona kgwedi morago ga nako (morago ga dingwaga tse 55) ba mo kotsing e kgolwane go sekae.
12. Go Anyisa Lesea: Basadi ba ba iseng ba ko ba anyise ba mo kotsing e kgolwane ya go tshwarwa ke kankere ya mabele.
Go botlhokwa go ela tlhoko gore go nna le sengwe kgotsa go feta sa dilo tse di ka bakang kankere ga go reye gore motho o tla nna le kankere ya mabele, e bile go se nne le dilo tse di ka bakang kankere ga go reye gore motho ga a kitla a nna le kankere ya mabele.
Le fa go ntse jalo, go tlhaloganya dilo tseno tse di ka bakang kotsi go ka thusa batho go dira ditshwetso tse di siameng ka botsogo jwa bone mme gongwe ga fokotsa kotsi ya go tsenwa ke bolwetse jono.
Wung SF, Hepworth JT, Sparenga D, Merkle CJ: Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Pilot Study. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2015, 42 (5): E330-8.
Frankl G: Risk factors in breast cancer: are they important, are they the same in pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer patients? Oncology. 1980, 37 (1): 41-5.
Ho PJ, Lau HSH, Ho WK, Wong FY, Yang Q, Tan KW, Tan MH, Chay WY, Chia KS, Hartman M, Li J: Incidence of breast cancer attributable to breast density, modifiable and non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors in Singapore. Sci Rep. 2020, 10 (1): 503.
Barnard ME, Boeke CE, Tamimi RM: Established breast cancer risk factors and risk of intrinsic tumor subtypes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015, 1856 (1): 73-85.
Hines LM, Risendal B, Slattery ML, Baumgartner KB, Giuliano AR, Sweeney C, Rollison DE, Byers T: Comparative analysis of breast cancer risk factors among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. Cancer. 2010, 116 (13): 3215-23.
Rosner B, Glynn RJ, Eliassen AH, Hankinson SE, Tamimi RM, Chen WY, Holmes MD, Mu Y, Peng C, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Tworoger SS: A Multi-State Survival Model for Time to Breast Cancer Mortality among a Cohort of Initially Disease-Free Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022, 31 (8): 1582-1592.
['Go se ikarabele: kalafi']
['Web site eno e diretswe go ruta le go naya tshedimosetso fela mme ga e neye kgakololo ya kalafi kgotsa ditirelo tsa seporofešenale.']
['Tshedimosetso e e neelwang ga e a tshwanela go dirisiwa go bona bolwetse kana go alafa bothata jwa botsogo, mme batho ba ba batlang kgakololo ya kalafi ba tshwanetse go ikgolaganya le ngaka e e nang le laesense.']
['Tsweetswee ela tlhoko gore thulaganyo ya methapo e e dirang dikarabo tsa dipotso tseno, ga e a tlhomama fa go tla mo dilong tsa dipalo. Ka sekai, palo ya batho ba ba nang le bolwetse bongwe jo bo rileng.']
['Ka metlha batla kgakololo ya ngaka ya gago kgotsa moabi yo mongwe wa kalafi yo o tshwanelegang malebana le boemo jwa kalafi. Le ka motlha o se ka wa itlhokomolosa kgakololo ya kalafi ya porofeshenale kgotsa wa diega go e batla ka ntlha ya sengwe se o se badileng mo website eno. Fa o akanya gore o ka tswa o na le boemo jwa tshoganyetso jwa kalafi, leletsa 911 kgotsa o ye kwa kamoreng ya tshoganyetso e e gaufi le wena ka bonako. Ga go na kamano epe ya ngaka le molwetse e e tlisiwang ke website eno kgotsa go e dirisa. BioMedLib kgotsa badiri ba yone, kgotsa ope fela yo o tsentseng letsogo mo website eno, ga ba dire ditshupetso dipe, tse di tlhamaletseng kgotsa tse di sa tlhamalalang, malebana le tshedimosetso e e mo go yone kgotsa go e dirisa.']
['Go ikgatholosa: ditshwanelo tsa bokwadi']
['Molao wa Digital Millennium Copyright wa 1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (the DMCA) o tlamela ka kgetse ya beng ba ditshwanelo ba ba dumelang gore matheriale o o tlhagelelang mo inthaneteng o gataka ditshwanelo tsa bona go ya ka molao wa ditshwanelo wa U.S.']
['Fa o dumela ka pelo yotlhe gore tshedimosetso kgotsa matheriale o o mo website ya rona kgotsa ditirelo tsa rona o gataka ditshwanelo tsa gago tsa semolao, wena (kgotsa moemedi wa gago) o ka re romelela kitsiso o kopa gore tshedimosetso eo kgotsa matheriale oo o tlosiwe kgotsa o thibelwe go o fitlhelela.']
['Dikitsiso di tshwanetse go romelwa ka go kwala ka imeili (leba karolo ya "Contact" go bona aterese ya imeili).']
['DMCA e batla gore kitsiso ya gago ya go tlolwa ga ditshwanelo tsa gago e akaretse tshedimosetso e e latelang: (1) tlhaloso ya tiro e e sireleditsweng ka ditshwanelo e go tweng e tlotswe; (2) tlhaloso ya diteng tse go tweng di tlotswe le tshedimosetso e e lekaneng go re letla go bona diteng; (3) tshedimosetso ya go ikgolaganya le wena, go akaretsa aterese ya gago, nomoro ya mogala le aterese ya imeile; (4) polelo ya gago ya gore o dumela ka pelo yotlhe gore diteng tse di tlotsweng ga di a letlelelwa ke mong wa ditshwanelo tsa gago, kgotsa moemedi wa gagwe, kgotsa ka molao ope; ']
['(5) polelo e e saenilweng ke wena, e e supang gore tshedimosetso e e mo kitsisong e boammaaruri le gore o na le thata ya go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa botaki tse go tweng di gatakilwe;']
['le (6) saena ya mmatota kgotsa ya eleketeroniki ya mong wa tshwanelo ya go gatisa kgotsa motho yo o filweng tetla ya go dira mo boemong jwa mong wa tshwanelo ya go gatisa. ']
['Fa o sa akaretse tshedimosetso yotlhe e e fa godimo e ka nna ya diegisa go sekasekwa ga ngongorego ya gago.']
['Go Ikgolaganya']
['Tsweetswee re romelele imeile ka potso/kgakololo epe fela.']
What are the risk factors for breast cancer?
There are several risk factors for breast cancer, some of which are modifiable and others that are not.
Here are some of the most common risk factors:
1. Age: The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in women over the age of 50.
2. Family history: Having a close relative, such as a mother, sister, or daughter, with breast cancer increases your risk.
3. Genetic mutations: Certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
4. Reproductive history: Early menarche (start of menstruation), late menopause, and having no children or having the first child after age 30 can increase the risk.
5. Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of combined estrogen and progesterone hormone therapy after menopause can increase the risk.
6. Alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk, especially after menopause.
8. Physical activity: Lack of physical activity can increase the risk.
9. Radiation exposure: Exposure to high doses of radiation, particularly during childhood, can increase the risk.
10. Breast density: Women with dense breasts have a higher risk of developing breast cancer.
11. Menstrual history: Women who started menstruating early (before age 12) or went through menopause late (after age 55) have a slightly higher risk.
12. Breastfeeding: Women who have never breastfed have a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer.
It is important to note that having one or more risk factors does not mean that a person will definitely develop breast cancer, and not having any risk factors does not guarantee that a person will not develop breast cancer.
However, understanding these risk factors can help individuals make informed decisions about their health and potentially reduce their risk.
Disclaimer: medical
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['Re simolola ka dikgatiso di le dimilione di le 35 tsa tsa kalafi ya ditshedi tsa PubMed/Medline. Gape, ditsebe tsa Web tsa RefinedWeb.']
