乳腺癌係通過一系列嘅檢查同手術嚟診斷嘅,包括:
1. 臨床乳房檢查: 醫療人員會檢查乳房是否有任何
2. 乳房X光學: 乳房嘅X光學可以發現異常,甚至喺感覺到之前就發現.
3. 超音波檢查: 用聲波檢查乳房組織, 嚟決定乳房組織係固體定係液體.
4.MRI: 磁共振成像 (MRI) 掃描用磁場同無線波嚟對乳房組織做詳細嘅影像.
5. 生物檢查: 取出一小塊乳腺組織,用顯微鏡檢查,以確定是否有癌細胞.
6. 血液檢查: 有啲血液檢查,例如完整血
7. 基因檢查:如果有乳腺癌嘅家族史, 基因檢查可以決定是否有遺傳性基因突變 增加乳腺癌嘅風險.
8. 骨
一旦診斷出乳腺癌, 可能會做更多嘅檢查, 嚟確定癌症嘅階段同程度, 咁樣就可以決定治療方法.
PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html
RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116
Zahoor S, Lali IU, Khan MA, Javed K, Mehmood W: Breast Cancer Detection and Classification using Traditional Computer Vision Techniques: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Imaging. 2020, 16 (10): 1187-1200.
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Sazuka T, Miyazawa Y, Tochigi T, Hirano A, Mori M, Kosugi C, Shuto K, Kasahara K, Hiroshima Y, Matsuo K, Tanaka K, Yamazaki K, Koda K, Matsubara H: [A Case of Rectal Metastasis from Breast Cancer Diagnosed Two Years after Surgery]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2017, 44 (12): 1254-1256.
Yan J, Liu Z, Du S, Li J, Ma L, Li L: Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Methods Mol Biol. 2020, 2204 (): 53-61.
Cong J, Wei B, He Y, Yin Y, Zheng Y: A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017, 2017 (): 4896386.
Cui R, Wang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Li Y: Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2020, 20 (17): 2053-2065.
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Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Clinical breast exam: A healthcare professional will examine the breasts for any lumps, changes in size or shape, or other abnormalities.
2. Mammogram: An x-ray of the breast that can detect abnormalities even before they can be felt.
3. Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to create an image of the breast tissue, which can help determine if a lump is solid or filled with fluid.
4. MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast tissue.
5. Biopsy: A small sample of breast tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
6. Blood tests: Certain blood tests, such as a complete blood count or tumor markers, may be done to help determine the stage of the cancer or to monitor treatment.
7. Genetic testing: If there is a family history of breast cancer, genetic testing may be done to determine if there is an inherited gene mutation that increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
8. Bone scan, CT scan, or PET scan: These imaging tests may be done to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Once a diagnosis of breast cancer is made, further tests may be done to determine the stage and grade of the cancer, which helps guide treatment decisions.
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Please note the neural net that generates answers to the questions, is specially inaccurate when it comes to numeric content. For example, the number of people diagnosed with a specific disease.
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