What is pathophysiology of Urticaria?

疹的病理生理是什么?

皮疹是一种皮肤病,特点是皮肤上出现,,红色的.

疹的病理生理学涉及从肥乳细胞中释放组胺和其他炎症介导剂,这些细胞是皮肤和其他组织中发现的免疫细胞.

在急性疹中, 组胺和其他介质的释放是由对特定过敏原的过敏反应引发的, 例如食物,药物或昆虫刺.

这导致肥乳细胞脱粒,释放组胺和其他媒介,导致血管泄漏,导致轮状细胞的形成.

在慢性疹中, 原因通常是未知的, 但被认为与自身免疫机制有关.

在这种情况下,身体产生自我抗体,这些抗体靶向乳细胞上的高亲和性IgE受体 (FcεRI),导致它们的激活和组胺和其他介质的释放.

在急性和慢性疹中,组胺和其他介质的释放会导致,红色和肿胀的特征症状.

治疗通常包括使用抗组胺药物来阻断组胺的影响并减少症状.

在严重的情况下,可以使用其他药物,如皮质类固醇或奥马利祖马布来控制这种情况.

参考资料

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Wahlgren CF: Pathophysiology of itching in urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 1992, 47 (2 Pt 1): 65-75.

Raap U, Liekenbröcker T, Wieczorek D, Kapp A, Wedi B: [New therapeutic strategies for the different subtypes of urticaria]. Hautarzt. 2004, 55 (4): 361-6.

[Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of urticaria in children]. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2021, 119 (2): S54-S66.

Marrouche N, Grattan C: Childhood urticaria. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012, 12 (5): 485-90.

Brzoza Z, Grzeszczak W, Rogala B, Trautsolt W, Moczulski D: Possible contribution of chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous autoreactive urticaria. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). , 42 (4): 302-6.

Sweeney TM, Dexter WW: Cholinergic urticaria in a jogger: ruling out exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Phys Sportsmed. 2003, 31 (6): 32-6.

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What is pathophysiology of urticaria?

Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of itchy, raised, red welts (wheals) on the skin.

The pathophysiology of urticaria involves the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells, which are immune cells found in the skin and other tissues.

In acute urticaria, the release of histamine and other mediators is triggered by an allergic reaction to a specific allergen, such as food, medication, or insect sting.

This causes the mast cells to degranulate, releasing histamine and other mediators that cause blood vessels to become leaky, leading to the formation of wheals.

In chronic urticaria, the cause is often unknown, but it is thought to be related to an autoimmune mechanism.

In this case, the body produces autoantibodies that target the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells, leading to their activation and the release of histamine and other mediators.

In both acute and chronic urticaria, the release of histamine and other mediators leads to the characteristic symptoms of itching, redness, and swelling.

Treatment typically involves the use of antihistamines to block the effects of histamine and reduce symptoms.

In severe cases, other medications such as corticosteroids or omalizumab may be used to control the condition.

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