Patofisiologi kanker usus besar marujuk pada mekanisme wan proses nang mandasari nang manyabapakan parkambangan wan parkambangan kanker usus besar.
kanker usus besar, jua dikenal lawan kanker kolorektal, adalah jenis kanker nang dimulai di usus besar atawa rektum, nang merupakan bagian dari usus besar.
Biasanya dimulai lawan pertumbuhan nang disambat polip, nang kawa berkembang jadi kanker seiring waktu.
Patofisiologi kanker usus besar malibatakan babarapa faktor, tamasuk mutasi genetik, radang, wan faktor lingkungan.
Mutasi genetik kawa tajadi di DNA sel usus besar, nang manyabapakan partumbuhan wan pambalahan sel nang kada taatur.
Mutasi ini kawa diwarisakan atawa didapat, wan buhannya kawa mempengaruhi bemacam gen nang talibat dalam pertumbuhan sel, pambagian, wan perbaikan.
Radang di usus besar, nang kawa disababakan oleh kondisi kaya panyakit radang usus, kawa jua maningkatakan risiko kanker usus besar.
Peradangan kronis kawa manyabapakan pelepasan bahan kimia nang mampromosiakan partumbuhan wan pambagian sel, nang berpotensi manyabapakan parkambangan kanker.
Faktor lingkungan, kaya diet, gaya hidup, wan paparan bahan kimia tertentu, jua kawa bakontribusi gasan parkambangan kanker usus besar.
Makanan nang banyak daging merah wan diproses, misalnya, hudah dikaitakan lawan peningkatan risiko kanker usus besar.
Faktor lain, kaya obesitas, merokok, wan kurangnya aktivitas fisik, jua kawa maningkatakan risiko.
Setelah kanker usus besar berkembang, bisa berkembang melalui beberapa tahap, dari kanker stadium awal nang terbatas pada usus besar sampai stadium nang lebih lanjut di mana kanker sudah menyebar ke bagian awak nang lain.
Sel kanker kawa menyerang jaringan wan organ parak, wan jua kawa manyabar malalui sistem limfatik atawa aliran darah ka wadah nang jauh, kaya hati atawa paru-paru.
Perawatan gasan kanker usus besar biasanya malibatakan kombinasi operasi, kemoterapi, wan terapi radiasi, tagantung lawan stadium wan lokasi kanker.
Deteksi awal wan perawatan adalah kunci gasan maningkatakan hasil, karena kanker usus besar rancak kawa diobati pas talihat pada tahap awal.
Pemeriksaan rutin, nang kaya kolonoskopi, kawa membantu mendeteksi kanker usus besar pas tahap paling awal, pas paling mudah diobati.
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Sharma SH, Thulasingam S, Nagarajan S: Terpenoids as anti-colon cancer agents - A comprehensive review on its mechanistic perspectives. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017, 795 (): 169-178.
Keshk WA, Zineldeen DH, Wasfy RE, El-Khadrawy OH: Fatty acid synthase/oxidized low-density lipoprotein as metabolic oncogenes linking obesity to colon cancer via NF-kappa B in Egyptians. Med Oncol. 2014, 31 (10): 192.
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What is pathophysiology of colon cancer?
The pathophysiology of colon cancer refers to the underlying mechanisms and processes that lead to the development and progression of colon cancer.
Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the large intestine.
It typically starts as a growth called a polyp, which can develop into cancer over time.
The pathophysiology of colon cancer involves several factors, including genetic mutations, inflammation, and environmental factors.
Genetic mutations can occur in the DNA of colon cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and division.
These mutations can be inherited or acquired, and they can affect various genes involved in cell growth, division, and repair.
Inflammation in the colon, which can be caused by conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, can also increase the risk of colon cancer.
Chronic inflammation can lead to the release of chemicals that promote cell growth and division, potentially leading to the development of cancer.
Environmental factors, such as diet, lifestyle, and exposure to certain chemicals, can also contribute to the development of colon cancer.
A diet high in red and processed meats, for example, has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
Other factors, such as obesity, smoking, and lack of physical activity, can also increase the risk.
Once colon cancer develops, it can progress through several stages, from early-stage cancer that is confined to the colon to more advanced stages where the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
The cancer cells can invade nearby tissues and organs, and may also spread through the lymphatic system or bloodstream to distant sites, such as the liver or lungs.
Treatment for colon cancer typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depending on the stage and location of the cancer.
Early detection and treatment are key to improving outcomes, as colon cancer is often curable when caught in its early stages.
Regular screening, such as colonoscopy, can help detect colon cancer at its earliest stages, when it is most treatable.
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