How to prevent Diabetes?

Entzun orri hau.

Nola saihestu diabetesa?

1. Pisu egokia mantendu: Gehiegizko pisua edo obesitatea da 2. motako diabetesa izateko arrisku-faktore nagusia.

Gehiegizko pisua baduzu, pisua galtzeak arriskua nabarmen murriztu dezake.

2. Elikadura osasungarria: zereal osoak, fruituak, barazkiak, proteina eskasak eta gantz gutxiko esnekiak dituen dieta aukeratu.

Murriztu elikagai prozesatuak, edari gozoak eta gantz saturatuak hartzea.

3. Ariketa fisikoa erregularki egin: Gutxienez 30 minutuko jarduera fisiko moderatua egin, hala nola oinez azkar ibiltzea, asteko egun gehienetan.

Ariketa fisiko erregularra egiten baduzu, pisua mantentzen lagunduko dizu eta insulinarekiko sentikortasuna hobetuko dizu.

4. Kontrolatu zure odoleko azukre-maila: Diabetea izateko arrisku handia baduzu edo prediabetea izateko arrisku handia baduzu, odoleko azukre-maila erregularrak edozein aldaketa goiz detektatzen eta bizi-estiloan beharrezko egokitzapenak egiten lagun zaitzake.

5. Nahikoa lo egin: Lo egiteko ohitura txarrek diabetesa izateko arriskua handitu dezakete.

Saiatu gauero 7-8 ordu lo egiten.

6. Estresa kontrolatu: Estres kronikoak diabetesa izateko arriskua handitu dezake.

Estresari aurre egiteko modu osasungarriak bilatu, hala nola meditazioa, yoga edo ariketa fisikoa.

7. Alkoholaren kontsumoa mugatu: Alkohol gehiegi kontsumitzeak diabetesa izateko arriskua handitu dezake.

Edaten baduzu, ez edan gehiegi.

8. Erretzeari utzi: Erretzeak diabetesa eta beste osasun-arazo kroniko batzuk izateko arriskua handitzen du.

Erretzeari uzteak arriskua murrizten laguntzen du.

9. Erregularki aztertu zeure burua: Osasun-zaintzailearekin erregulartasunez aztertuz gero, arrisku-faktoreak kontrolatzen eta diabetesa saihesteko bizi-estiloan beharrezko aldaketak egiten lagunduko dizu.

Hartu botikak agindutako moduan: diabetesa prebenitzeko botikak agindu badizkizute, hala nola metformina, ziurtatu zure medikuak agindutakoa hartzen duzula.

11. Kontuan hartu osagarriak: Osagarri batzuek, hala nola kromoak, magnesioak eta azido alfa-lipoikoak, insulinarekiko sentikortasuna hobetzen eta diabetesa izateko arriskua murrizten lagun dezakete.

Hitz egin zure medikuarekin elikagai osagarriak hartzen hasi aurretik.

12. Hidratatuta egon: Ur asko edateak pisua mantentzen eta diabetesa izateko arriskua murrizten lagun zaitzake.

13. Saihestu denbora luzez esertzea: Eserita egoteak diabetesa izateko arriskua handitu dezake.

Ziurtatu jaikitzen zarela eta egunero mugitzen zarela.

14. Ekarri D bitamina nahikoa: D bitamina maila baxuak diabetesa izateko arriskua handitzen du.

Ziurtatu eguzki-argia nahikoa hartzen duzula edo D bitamina gehigarri bat hartzen duzula behar izanez gero.

15. Elikadura kontzientea praktikatu: Poliki-poliki jateak eta gosearen eta betetasunaren seinaleei arreta emateak lagundu diezazuke pisua mantentzen eta diabetesa izateko arriskua murrizten.

16. Elikagai prozesatuak murriztu: Elikagai prozesatuek, askotan, gantz, azukre eta sodio osasungarriak dituzte, eta horrek diabetesa izateko arriskua handitu dezake.

Aukeratu elikagai osoak, prozesatu gabeak, ahal duzunean.

17. Jan zuntz gehiago: Zuntz ugari duen dieta batek odoleko azukrea kontrolatzen lagundu dezake eta diabetesa izateko arriskua murrizten du.

Jan fruta, barazki eta zereal asko.

18. Haragi gorri eta prozesatuak mugatu: Haragi gorri eta prozesatuak gehiegi kontsumitzeak diabetesa izateko arriskua handitzen du.

Horren ordez, aukeratu proteina arinak, hala nola oilaskoa, arraina edo tofu.

19. Tea berdea edan: Te berdeak antioxidatzaileak ditu, intsulinaren sentsibilitatea hobetzen eta diabetesa izateko arriskua murrizten laguntzen dutenak.

20. Kontuan hartu sendabelarrak: Belar batzuk, hala nola gimnema, fenugreek eta melon garratza, odoleko azukrearen kontrola hobetzen eta diabetesa izateko arriskua murrizten lagun dezakete.

Hitz egin zure medikuarekin sendabelarrak hartu aurretik.

21. Porzioen kontrola praktikatu: Porzio handiak jateak pisua irabaztera eraman dezake eta diabetesa izateko arriskua handitu dezake.

Praktikatu plater txikiagoak erabiliz eta janaria neurtuz.

222. Edari gozoak mugatu: Edari gozoak, hala nola freskagarriak eta fruta zukua.

Erreferentziak

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Schwarz PE, Li J, Lindström J, Bergmann A, Gruhl U, Saaristo T, Tuomilehto J: How should the clinician most effectively prevent type 2 diabetes in the obese person at high risk? Curr Diab Rep. 2007, 7 (5): 353-62.

Ritchie ND, Kaufmann P, Sauder KA: Comment on Ely et al. A National Effort to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Participant-Level Evaluation of CDC's National Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1331-1341. Diabetes Care. 2017, 40 (11): e161-e162.

Kawamori R: [Clinical trials to evaluate interventions aimed to prevent or delay the development of diabetes in high risk IGT]. Nihon Rinsho. 2004, 62 (6): 1158-63.

Ely EK, Gruss SM, Luman ET, Albright AL: Response to Comment on Ely et al. A National Effort to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Participant-Level Evaluation of CDC's National Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1331-1341. Diabetes Care. 2017, 40 (11): e163.

Han S, Luo Y, Liu B, Guo T, Qin D, Luo F: Dietary flavonoids prevent diabetes through epigenetic regulation: advance and challenge. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022, (): 1-17.

Hoskin MA, Bray GA, Hattaway K, Khare-Ranade PA, Pomeroy J, Semler LN, Weinzierl VA, Wylie-Rosett J: Prevention of Diabetes Through the Lifestyle Intervention: Lessons Learned from the Diabetes Prevention Program and Outcomes Study and its Translation to Practice. Curr Nutr Rep. 2014, 3 (4): 364-378.

Schwarz PE: 6th World Congress on Prevention of Diabetes and its Complications. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2010, 5 (4): 517-520.

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How to prevent diabetes?

1. Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.

Losing weight if you are overweight can significantly reduce your risk.

2. Eat a healthy diet: Choose a diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products.

Limit your intake of processed foods, sugary drinks, and saturated fats.

3. Exercise regularly: Engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, such as brisk walking, on most days of the week.

Regular exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight and improve insulin sensitivity.

4. Monitor your blood sugar levels: If you have prediabetes or are at high risk for developing diabetes, regular blood sugar monitoring can help you catch any changes early and make necessary lifestyle adjustments.

5. Get enough sleep: Poor sleep habits can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Aim for 7-8 hours of quality sleep each night.

6. Manage stress: Chronic stress can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Find healthy ways to manage stress, such as meditation, yoga, or exercise.

7. Limit alcohol intake: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

If you drink, do so in moderation.

8. Quit smoking: Smoking increases your risk of developing diabetes and other chronic health conditions.

Quitting smoking can help reduce your risk.

9. Get regular check-ups: Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help you monitor your risk factors and make necessary lifestyle changes to prevent diabetes.

10. Take medication as prescribed: If you have been prescribed medication to help prevent diabetes, such as metformin, make sure to take it as directed by your healthcare provider.

11. Consider supplements: Some supplements, such as chromium, magnesium, and alpha-lipoic acid, may help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

Talk to your healthcare provider before starting any supplements.

12. Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help you maintain a healthy weight and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

13. Avoid sitting for long periods: Prolonged sitting can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Make sure to get up and move around regularly throughout the day.

14. Get enough vitamin D: Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes.

Make sure to get enough sunlight exposure or take a vitamin D supplement if needed.

15. Practice mindful eating: Eating slowly and paying attention to your hunger and fullness cues can help you maintain a healthy weight and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

16. Limit processed foods: Processed foods are often high in unhealthy fats, sugars, and sodium, which can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Choose whole, unprocessed foods whenever possible.

17. Eat more fiber: A high-fiber diet can help improve blood sugar control and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet.

18. Limit red and processed meats: High intake of red and processed meats has been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes.

Choose lean proteins, such as chicken, fish, or tofu, instead.

19. Drink green tea: Green tea contains antioxidants that may help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

20. Consider herbal remedies: Some herbs, such as gymnema, fenugreek, and bitter melon, may help improve blood sugar control and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

Talk to your healthcare provider before taking any herbal remedies.

21. Practice portion control: Eating large portions can lead to weight gain and increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Practice portion control by using smaller plates and measuring your food.

222. Limit sugary drinks: Sugary drinks, such as soda and fruit juice

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