Ni mambo gani yanayoweza kusababisha kansa ya utumbo mzito?
1. Umri: Hatari ya kupata kansa ya utumbo huongezeka kadiri umri unavyozidi kuongezeka, na visa vingi hutokea kwa watu wenye umri wa zaidi ya miaka 50.
2. Historia ya kibinafsi ya polyps au kansa ya utumbo mzito: Ikiwa umewahi kuwa na polyps za utumbo mzito au kansa ya utumbo mzito hapo awali, una hatari kubwa ya kuipata tena.
3. Historia ya familia ya kansa ya utumbo: Kuwa na historia ya familia ya kansa ya utumbo huongeza hatari yako ya kupata ugonjwa huo.
4. Ugonjwa wa uvimbe wa matumbo: Magonjwa sugu kama vile ulcerative colitis na ugonjwa wa Crohn huongeza hatari ya kupata kansa ya matumbo.
5. Ugonjwa wa chembe za urithi: Ugonjwa fulani wa chembe za urithi, kama vile ugonjwa wa Lynch na ugonjwa wa familia wa adenomatous polyposis, huongeza hatari ya kansa ya utumbo.
6. Lishe: Lishe yenye kiasi kikubwa cha nyama nyekundu na nyama zilizotengenezwa, na yenye kiasi kidogo cha matunda, mboga, na nafaka nzima-nzima, imehusianishwa na hatari kubwa ya kupata kansa ya tezi.
7. Kunenepa kupita kiasi: Kunenepa kupita kiasi au kunenepa kupita kiasi huongeza hatari ya kupata kansa ya utumbo mzito.
8. Ukosefu wa mazoezi ya mwili: Mtindo wa maisha usio na shughuli nyingi huongeza hatari ya kupata kansa ya utumbo mzito.
9. Uvutaji sigareti: Uvutaji sigareti huongeza hatari ya kupata kansa ya utumbo mzito, na vilevile aina nyingine za kansa.
10. Matumizi ya kileo: Matumizi mengi ya kileo yamehusianishwa na ongezeko la hatari ya kansa ya utumbo mzito.
11. Ugonjwa wa kisukari wa aina ya 2: Watu wenye ugonjwa wa kisukari wa aina ya 2 wana hatari kubwa zaidi ya kupatwa na kansa ya utumbo mzito.
12. Jamii: Wamarekani wenye asili ya Kiafrika wana hatari kubwa zaidi ya kupata kansa ya utumbo mzito kuliko vikundi vingine vya kikabila.
13. Tiba ya mnururisho: Tiba ya mnururisho ya awali kwa kansa nyingine katika tumbo au paja yaweza kuongeza hatari ya kansa ya utumbo.
14. Ugonjwa wa urithi: Ugonjwa fulani wa urithi, kama vile ugonjwa wa Lynch na ugonjwa wa familia wa adenomatous polyposis, huongeza hatari ya kansa ya utumbo.
15. Kizuizi, perforation, na uvamizi wa kiwango cha T4: Sababu hizi zimetambuliwa kama sababu za hatari za kujitegemea za saratani ya tezi kuu.
Sababu za hatari zinazoweza kudhibitiwa: Baadhi ya sababu za hatari, kama vile lishe na mtindo wa maisha, zinaweza kudhibitiwa ili kupunguza hatari ya kansa ya tezi kuu.
17. Mazoezi ya kawaida na chakula chenye afya: Kufanya mazoezi ya kawaida na kula chakula chenye matunda mengi, mboga, na nafaka nzima-nzima kunaweza kupunguza hatari ya kupata kansa ya tezi.
18. Uchunguzi: Uchunguzi wa kawaida wa kansa ya utumbo mzito, kama vile uchunguzi wa utumbo mzito, waweza kusaidia kugundua na kuzuia ugonjwa huo.
19. Sababu za hatari zisizoweza kudhibitiwa: Baadhi ya sababu za hatari, kama vile umri, rangi, na historia ya familia, haziwezi kubadilishwa, lakini kuzijua kunaweza kusaidia kugundua na kutibu ugonjwa huo mapema.
Viungo vya hatari vya mtindo wa maisha: Kukosa kufanya mazoezi, kuwa na uzito kupita kiasi, kuvuta sigara, na kunywa pombe kupita kiasi ni viungo vya hatari vya mtindo wa maisha vinavyoweza kuongeza hatari ya kansa ya tezi kuu.
21. Uchunguzi: Uchunguzi wa kawaida wa kansa ya utumbo mzito, kama vile uchunguzi wa utumbo mzito, waweza kusaidia kugundua na kuzuia ugonjwa huo.
Ugunduzi wa mapema: Ugunduzi wa mapema wa saratani ya utumbo kupitia uchunguzi unaweza kuboresha viwango vya kuishi.
Sababu za hatari za neoplasms ya metachronous ya hali ya juu: Saratani ya colon ya distal, adenomas ya hatari kubwa ya synchronous, na shinikizo la damu linaweza kuongeza hatari ya neoplasms ya hali ya juu ya metachronous wakati wa ufuatiliaji baada ya kuondolewa kwa saratani ya colon.
Chaguzi za uchunguzi: Kuna chaguzi mbalimbali za uchunguzi wa saratani ya utumbo mzito, kutia ndani vipimo vya damu iliyofichwa kwenye kinyesi, sigmoidoscopy, na colonoscopy ya kawaida.
Sababu za hatari za kuvuja kwa anastomosis: Kuvuta sigara na muda mrefu wa kufanya upasuaji ni sababu za hatari za kuvuja kwa anastomosis ya upande wa kulia wa colon baada ya laparoscopic right colectomy.
Matokeo ya oncological: Hakuna tofauti muhimu katika recurrence ya ndani, kuishi kwa ujumla, au kuishi kwa kansa maalum kati ya wagonjwa na bila anastomosis kuvuja baada ya laparoscopic kulia colectomy.
Sababu za hatari za kansa ya utumbo mkubwa kwa wanawake baada ya kumalizika kwa hedhi: Umri, mduara wa kiuno, matumizi ya tiba ya homoni, miaka ya kuvuta sigara, ugonjwa wa viungo, viwango vya chini vya hematocrit, uchovu, ugonjwa wa kisukari, matumizi kidogo ya dawa za kulala, na cholecystectomy ni sababu za hatari ya kansa ya utumbo mkubwa kwa wanawake baada ya kumalizika kwa hedhi.
Hartz A, He T, Ross JJ: Risk factors for colon cancer in 150,912 postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control. 2012, 23 (10): 1599-605.
Wang X, Lei T, Ma X: [Colon cancer risk factors in Jiashan county, Zhejiang province, the highest incidence area in China]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2001, 23 (6): 480-2.
Hatano S, Ishida H, Ishibashi K, Kumamoto K, Haga N, Miura I: Identification of risk factors for recurrence in high-risk stage II colon cancer. Int Surg. , 98 (2): 114-21.
Platz EA, Willett WC, Colditz GA, Rimm EB, Spiegelman D, Giovannucci E: Proportion of colon cancer risk that might be preventable in a cohort of middle-aged US men. Cancer Causes Control. 2000, 11 (7): 579-88.
Nam K, Shin JE: Risk factors of advanced metachronous neoplasms in surveillance after colon cancer resection. Korean J Intern Med. 2021, 36 (2): 305-312.
Kwak HD, Kim SH, Kang DW, Baek SJ, Kwak JM, Kim J: Risk Factors and Oncologic Outcomes of Anastomosis Leakage After Laparoscopic Right Colectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2017, 27 (6): 440-444.
Kanusho la dhima: matibabu
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What are the risk factors for colon cancer?
1. Age: The risk of developing colon cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 50.
2. Personal history of polyps or colon cancer: If you have had colon polyps or colon cancer before, you are at a higher risk of developing it again.
3. Family history of colon cancer: Having a family history of colon cancer increases your risk of developing the disease.
4. Inflammatory bowel disease: Chronic conditions such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease increase the risk of colon cancer.
5. Genetic syndromes: Certain inherited genetic syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis, increase the risk of colon cancer.
6. Diet: A diet high in red and processed meats, and low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
7. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of colon cancer.
8. Physical inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of colon cancer.
9. Smoking: Smoking increases the risk of colon cancer, as well as other types of cancer.
10. Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol use has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
11. Type 2 diabetes: People with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of developing colon cancer.
12. Ethnicity: African Americans have a higher risk of colon cancer than other ethnic groups.
13. Radiation therapy: Previous radiation therapy for other cancers in the abdomen or pelvis may increase the risk of colon cancer.
14. Inherited syndromes: Certain inherited syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis, increase the risk of colon cancer.
15. Obstruction, perforation, and T4-level invasion: These factors have been identified as independent risk factors for colon cancer.
16. Controllable risk factors: Some risk factors, such as diet and lifestyle, can be controlled to reduce the risk of colon cancer.
17. Regular exercise and a healthy diet: Engaging in regular physical activity and eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce the risk of colon cancer.
18. Screening: Regular screening for colon cancer, such as colonoscopy, can help detect and prevent the disease.
19. Risk factors beyond our control: Some risk factors, such as age, race, and family history, cannot be changed, but being aware of them can help with early detection and treatment.
20. Lifestyle risk factors: Being physically inactive, overweight, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption are lifestyle risk factors that can increase the risk of colon cancer.
21. Screening: Regular screening for colon cancer, such as colonoscopy, can help detect and prevent the disease.
22. Early detection: Early detection of colon cancer through screening can improve survival rates.
23. Risk factors for advanced metachronous neoplasms: Distal colon cancer, synchronous high-risk adenomas, and hypertension may increase the risk of advanced metachronous neoplasms during surveillance after colon cancer resection.
24. Screening options: There are various screening options for colon cancer, including fecal occult blood tests, sigmoidoscopy, and virtual colonoscopy.
25. Risk factors for anastomosis leakage: Smoking and long operating time are risk factors for right-side colon anastomosis leakage after laparoscopic right colectomy.
26. Oncologic outcomes: There are no significant differences in local recurrence, overall survival, or cancer-specific survival between patients with and without anastomosis leakage after laparoscopic right colectomy.
27. Risk factors for colon cancer in postmenopausal women: Age, waist girth, use of hormone therapy, years smoked, arthritis, lower hematocrit levels, fatigue, diabetes, less use of sleep medication, and cholecystectomy are risk factors for colon cancer in postmenopausal women.
28. Risk factors in Jiashan County,
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