What are the risk factors for Prostate cancer?

Ziziphi izinto ezinokubangela umhlaza wedlala lesinyi?

1. Iminyaka: Umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wedlala lesinyi uyanda njengoko umntu ekhula, yaye ubukhulu becala ubonakala kumadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.

2. Uhlanga/Uhlanga: Amadoda aseAfrika aseMerika asengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wedlala lesinyi kunamadoda ezinye iintlanga.

3. Imbali Yentsapho: Amadoda anembali yentsapho yomhlaza wedlala lesinyi, ngokukodwa uyise okanye umntakwabo onesi sifo, asengozini ngakumbi.

4. I-Genetics: Iinguqulelo ezithile zemfuza, ezinjengeBRCA1 neBRCA2, zinokubangela umhlaza wedlala lesinyi.

5. Ukutya: Ukutya inyama ebomvu eninzi neziqhamo nemifuno encinane kunokuyandisa ingozi yomhlaza wedlala lesinyi.

6. Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo: Ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubangela ukuba umntu abe nomhlaza wedlala lesinyi, ingakumbi xa esi sifo sisiba mandundu.

7. Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kusenokunyusa ingozi yokuba nomhlaza wedlala lesinyi, ngokukodwa xa sele ugqithile okanye sele uza kubulala.

8. Ukuchanabeka Kwiikhemikhali: Ukuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali ezithile, ezinjengezibulali-zinambuzane nezibulali-zityalo, kusenokwandisa ingozi yomhlaza wedlala lesinyi.

9. Izifo Ezisasazeka Ngesini: Amadoda anesifo esasulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, njengesifo seentsholongwane okanye i-chlamydia, asenokuba sengozini engakumbi yomhlaza wedlala lesinyi.

10. Ukuba neentlobano zesini: Olunye uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba amadoda anabantu abaninzi abelana ngesondo nabo okanye ababelana ngesondo rhoqo asenokuba nomngcipheko owandayo wokuba nomhlaza wedlala lesinyi.

11. Ukususwa kwethumbu lesini: Amadoda aye asuswa ithumbu lesini asenokuba sengozini engakumbi yomhlaza wedlala lesinyi.

12. Isifo Seswekile: Amadoda anesifo seswekile asenokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wedlala lesinyi, ngokukodwa uhlobo olubi lwesi sifo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukuba nomnye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto zenza umngcipheko akuthethi ukuba umntu uza kuba nomhlaza wedlala lesinyi, kwaye amadoda amaninzi anomhlaza wedlala lesinyi akanazo izinto zenza umngcipheko ezaziwayo.

Noko ke, ukwazi ezi zinto zinokubangela ukuba amadoda agule kunokuwanceda enze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuxilongwa nokukhuselwa.

['Iimbekiselo']

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Hosseini M, SeyedAlinaghi S, Mahmoudi M, McFarland W: A case-control study of risk factors for prostate cancer in Iran. Acta Med Iran. , 48 (1): 61-6.

Oderda M, Mondino P, Zitella A, Gontero P, Tizzani A: [Update on epidemiology and risk factors of prostate cancer]. Urologia. , 75 (3): 143-8.

Mazdak H, Mazdak M, Jamali L, Keshteli AH: Determination of prostate cancer risk factors in Isfahan, Iran: a case-control study. Med Arh. 2012, 66 (1): 45-8.

Brasso K: [Prostate cancer--incidence and risk factors]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2007, 169 (20): 1883-6.

Patel AR, Klein EA: Risk factors for prostate cancer. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2009, 6 (2): 87-95.

Sawada N: Risk and preventive factors for prostate cancer in Japan: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective (JPHC) study. J Epidemiol. 2017, 27 (1): 2-7.

Mordukhovich I, Reiter PL, Backes DM, Family L, McCullough LE, O'Brien KM, Razzaghi H, Olshan AF: A review of African American-white differences in risk factors for cancer: prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2011, 22 (3): 341-57.

['Ukuzikhusela: unyango']

['Le webhsayithi yenzelwe ukufundisa nokunika inkcazelo kuphela yaye ayibonisi ukuba inikela amacebiso ezonyango okanye iinkonzo zobungcali.']

['Inkcazelo enikelweyo ayifanele isetyenziselwe ukuxilonga okanye ukunyanga ingxaki yempilo okanye isifo, yaye abo bafuna icebiso lonyango lobuqu bafanele babonane nogqirha onelayisensi.']

['Nceda uqaphele ukuba inethiwekhi ye-neural eyenza iimpendulo kwimibuzo, ayichanekanga xa kufikwa kumxholo wenani. Umzekelo, inani labantu abafunyaniswe benesifo esithile.']

['Soloko ucela icebiso kugqirha wakho okanye komnye umboneleli wezempilo ofanelekileyo malunga nemeko yakho yezonyango. Ungaze ungayihoyi ingcebiso yezonyango okanye ulibazise ukufuna ngenxa yento oyifunde kule webhusayithi. Ukuba ucinga ukuba unengxaki yezonyango, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Akukho buhlobo bukagqirha nomguli obudalwa yile webhusayithi okanye ukusetyenziswa kwayo. I-BioMedLib okanye abasebenzi bayo, okanye nabani na onegalelo kule webhusayithi, abenzi zimelo, ngokucacileyo okanye ngokungangqalanga, ngokubhekisele kulwazi olunikezwe apha okanye ekusetyenzisweni kwalo.']

['Ukuzikhulula: ilungelo lokushicilela']

['Umthetho we-Digital Millennium Copyright ka-1998, 17 U.S.C. § 512 (i-DMCA) ubonelela ngeendlela zokubhena kubanini bamalungelo obunini abakholelwa ukuba izinto ezibonakala kwi-Intanethi ziphula amalungelo abo phantsi komthetho welungelo lokushicilela wase-US. ']

['Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba kukho umxholo okanye izinto ezenziwe zafumaneka kwi-website yethu okanye iinkonzo eziphula ilungelo lakho lokushicilela, wena (okanye iarhente yakho) ungathumela isaziso esicela ukuba umxholo okanye izinto zisuswe, okanye ukufikelela kuzo kuvalwe. ']

['Izaziso kufuneka zithunyelwe ngokubhaliweyo nge-imeyile (jonga kwicandelo elithi "Qhagamshelana" ukuze ufumane idilesi ye-imeyile).']

['I-DMCA ifuna ukuba isaziso sakho sokutyholwa ngokophula ilungelo lokushicilela siquke ezi nkcukacha zilandelayo: (1) inkcazelo yomsebenzi onelungelo lokushicilela ongundaba-mlonyeni wokutyholwa ngokophula; (2) inkcazelo yomxholo otyholwa ngokophula kunye nolwazi olwaneleyo ukusivumela ukuba sifumane umxholo; (3) iinkcukacha zokuqhagamshelana nawe, kuquka idilesi yakho, inombolo yomnxeba nedilesi ye-imeyile; (4) ingxelo yakho yokuba unokholo olulungileyo lokuba umxholo ngendlela ekhalazwa ngayo awugunyaziswanga ngumnini welungelo lokushicilela, okanye iarhente yakhe, okanye ngokusebenza kwawo nawuphi na umthetho; ']

['(5) ingxelo yakho, esayinwe phantsi kwesohlwayo sobuxoki, yokuba ulwazi olukwisibhengezo luchanekile kwaye unegunya lokunyanzelisa amalungelo okushicilela ekuthiwa aphulwe;']

['kwaye (6) utyikityo lomzimba okanye lwe-elektroniki lomnini welungelo lokushicilela okanye lomntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba enze egameni lomnini welungelo lokushicilela. ']

['Ukungabandakanyi lonke ulwazi olungentla kungakhokelela ekulibaziseni ukuphathwa kwesikhalazo sakho.']

['Unxibelelwano']

['Nceda usithumelele i-imeyile ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo / iingcebiso.']

What are the risk factors for prostate cancer?

1. Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in men over the age of 65.

2. Race/Ethnicity: African American men have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer than men of other races.

3. Family History: Men with a family history of prostate cancer, particularly a father or brother with the disease, have a higher risk.

4. Genetics: Certain inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

5. Diet: A diet high in red meat and low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

6. Obesity: Being overweight or obese may increase the risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms of the disease.

7. Smoking: Smoking may increase the risk of prostate cancer, particularly advanced or fatal forms of the disease.

8. Chemical Exposure: Exposure to certain chemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

9. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Men with a history of sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, may have an increased risk of prostate cancer.

10. Sexual Activity: Some studies suggest that men who have a higher number of sexual partners or engage in frequent sexual activity may have a slightly increased risk of prostate cancer.

11. Vasectomy: Men who have had a vasectomy may have a slightly increased risk of prostate cancer.

12. Diabetes: Men with diabetes may have a higher risk of prostate cancer, particularly aggressive forms of the disease.

It is important to note that having one or more of these risk factors does not necessarily mean that a man will develop prostate cancer, and many men with prostate cancer have no known risk factors.

However, being aware of these risk factors can help men make informed decisions about screening and prevention.

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