Kansa ya tezi-kibofu hugunduliwa kupitia mchanganyiko wa vipimo na taratibu, ambavyo vyaweza kutia ndani:
1. Uchunguzi wa Rectal Digital (DRE): Daktari huingiza kidole chenye glavu, chenye mafuta ndani ya rectum ili kugusa tezi-kibofu ili kuona kama kuna kasoro zozote.
2. Mtihani wa Antigen ya Prostate-Specific (PSA): Huu ni mtihani wa damu ambao hupima kiwango cha PSA, protini inayotengenezwa na tezi ya tezi.
Viwango vya PSA vilivyoinuka vyaweza kuonyesha kuwepo kwa kansa ya tezi- tezi.
3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): Chombo kidogo huingizwa ndani ya rectum ili kutengeneza picha ya tezi-kibofu kwa kutumia mawimbi ya sauti.
Hilo laweza kusaidia kutambua kasoro zozote katika tezi ya tezi-kibofu.
4. Biopsia: Sampuli ndogo ya tishu ya tezi-kibofu huondolewa na kuchunguzwa chini ya darubini ili kuona kama kuna chembe za kansa.
Hii ndiyo njia pekee ya uhakika ya kugundua kansa ya tezi-kibofu.
5. Uchunguzi wa Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Uchunguzi wa MRI wa tezi-kibofu waweza kusaidia kutambua kasoro zozote na kuongoza utaratibu wa upasuaji.
6. Upimaji wa Genomu: Baadhi ya madaktari wanaweza kutumia vipimo vya genomu ili kusaidia kuamua ukali wa kansa na kuongoza maamuzi ya matibabu.
7. Uchunguzi wa mifupa: Uchunguzi wa mifupa waweza kufanywa ili kuchunguza ikiwa kansa imeenea kwenye mifupa.
8. Uchunguzi wa Tomografia ya Kompyuta (CT): Uchunguzi wa CT waweza kutumiwa kuchunguza kama kansa imeenea kwenye viungo au tishu nyinginezo.
Ni muhimu kutambua kwamba si wanaume wote wenye viwango vya PSA vilivyoinuka au matokeo yasiyo ya kawaida ya DRE watakuwa na saratani ya tezi, na si saratani zote za tezi zitasababisha viwango vya PSA vilivyoinuka.
Kwa hiyo, upasuaji wa viungo ni muhimu ili kuthibitisha utambuzi.
Kwa kuongezea, uamuzi wa kufanya uchunguzi wa viini hufanywa baada ya kufikiria matokeo ya majaribio hayo na mambo ya hatari na mapendezi ya mtu huyo.
Saldova R, Fan Y, Fitzpatrick JM, Watson RW, Rudd PM: Core fucosylation and alpha2-3 sialylation in serum N-glycome is significantly increased in prostate cancer comparing to benign prostate hyperplasia. Glycobiology. 2011, 21 (2): 195-205.
Marenco J, Kasivisvanathan V, Emberton M: New standards in prostate biopsy. Arch Esp Urol. 2019, 72 (2): 142-149.
Moradi M, Mousavi P, Abolmaesumi P: Computer-aided diagnosis of prostate cancer with emphasis on ultrasound-based approaches: a review. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2007, 33 (7): 1010-28.
Cuperlovic-Culf M, Belacel N, Davey M, Ouellette RJ: Multi-gene biomarker panel for reference free prostate cancer diagnosis: determination and independent validation. Biomarkers. 2010, 15 (8): 693-706.
McGrath SE, Michael A, Morgan R, Pandha H: EN2: a novel prostate cancer biomarker. Biomark Med. 2013, 7 (6): 893-901.
An Y, Chang W, Wang W, Wu H, Pu K, Wu A, Qin Z, Tao Y, Yue Z, Wang P, Wang Z: A novel tetrapeptide fluorescence sensor for early diagnosis of prostate cancer based on imaging Zn2+ in healthy versus cancerous cells. J Adv Res. 2020, 24 (): 363-370.
[Consensus of Chinese experts on the application of molecular imaging targeting prostate specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2018, 56 (2): 91-94.
Zhong WD, He HC, Bi XC, Ou RB, Jiang SA, Liu LS: cDNA macroarray for analysis of gene expression profiles in prostate cancer. Chin Med J (Engl). 2006, 119 (7): 570-3.
Kanusho la dhima: matibabu
Tovuti hii hutolewa kwa madhumuni ya elimu na habari tu na si kutoa ushauri wa matibabu au huduma za kitaaluma.
Habari inayotolewa haipaswi kutumiwa kugundua au kutibu tatizo la afya au ugonjwa, na wale wanaotafuta ushauri wa kibinafsi wa kitiba wanapaswa kushauriana na daktari aliye na leseni.
Tafadhali kumbuka mtandao wa neva ambao hutengeneza majibu ya maswali, ni hasa usio sahihi linapokuja maudhui ya nambari. Kwa mfano, idadi ya watu waliogunduliwa na ugonjwa fulani.
Daima kutafuta ushauri wa daktari wako au mtoa huduma nyingine ya afya waliohitimu kuhusu hali ya matibabu. Kamwe kupuuza ushauri wa matibabu ya kitaaluma au kuchelewesha katika kutafuta yake kwa sababu ya kitu umesoma kwenye tovuti hii. Kama unafikiri unaweza kuwa na dharura ya matibabu, piga simu 911 au kwenda chumba cha dharura karibu mara moja. Hakuna uhusiano daktari-mgonjwa ni kuundwa na tovuti hii au matumizi yake. Wala BioMedLib wala wafanyakazi wake, wala mchangiaji yoyote ya tovuti hii, hufanya uwakilishi wowote, wazi au implicit, kuhusiana na taarifa zinazotolewa hapa au matumizi yake.
Utoaji wa dhima: hakimiliki
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Mawasiliano
Tafadhali tutumie barua pepe na swali lolote / pendekezo.
How is prostate cancer diagnosed?
Prostate cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests and procedures, which may include:
1. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel the prostate for any abnormalities.
2. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: This is a blood test that measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate gland.
Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of prostate cancer.
3. Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS): A small probe is inserted into the rectum to create an image of the prostate using sound waves.
This can help identify any abnormalities in the prostate gland.
4. Biopsy: A small sample of prostate tissue is removed and examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells.
This is the only definitive way to diagnose prostate cancer.
5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI scan of the prostate can help identify any abnormalities and guide the biopsy procedure.
6. Genomic Testing: Some doctors may use genomic tests to help determine the aggressiveness of the cancer and guide treatment decisions.
7. Bone Scan: A bone scan may be performed to check if the cancer has spread to the bones.
8. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan may be used to check if the cancer has spread to other organs or tissues.
It is important to note that not all men with elevated PSA levels or abnormal DRE results will have prostate cancer, and not all prostate cancers will cause elevated PSA levels.
Therefore, a biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Additionally, the decision to undergo a biopsy is made after considering the results of these tests and the individual's risk factors and preferences.
Disclaimer: medical
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Karibu
BioMedLib hutumia kompyuta za kiotomatiki (algorithms ya kujifunza mashine) kuzalisha jozi za maswali na majibu.
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