How to prevent Diabetes?

听这个页面 ⁇

如何预防糖尿病?

1. 保持健康的体重:超重或肥胖是 2 型糖尿病的主要风险因素 ⁇

如果你超重,减肥可以显著降低你的风险.

2. 饮食健康: 选择富含全谷物,水果,蔬菜,瘦蛋白和低脂肪乳制品的饮食.

限制加工食品 ⁇ 含糖饮料和饱和脂肪的摄入 ⁇

3. 定期锻炼: 在一周的大部分日子里,至少进行 30 分钟的中等强度的体育活动,例如快速行走.

定期运动可以帮助您保持健康的体重,并改善胰岛素敏感性.

4. 监测血糖水平:如果您患有糖尿病前期或糖尿病的风险很高, 定期监测血糖可以帮助您尽早发现任何变化, 并做出必要的生活方式调整.

5. 睡眠充足: 睡眠不良会增加患糖尿病的风险.

目标是每晚睡眠7-8小时.

6. 控制压力: 长期的压力可以增加患糖尿病的风险.

找出健康的方法来控制压力,例如冥想,或运动.

7. 限制酒精摄入: 过度饮酒可以增加患糖尿病的风险.

如果你喝酒,要适度喝.

8. 戒烟: 吸烟会增加患糖尿病和其他慢性疾病的风险.

戒烟可以帮助减少风险.

9. 定期检查:与您的医疗保健提供者定期检查可以帮助您监测您的风险因素,并做出必要的生活方式改变以防止糖尿病.

10. 按照处方服用药物:如果您被处方了帮助预防糖尿病的药物,如甲胺,请确保按照您的医疗保健提供者的指示服用.

11. 考虑补充剂:一些补充剂,如,和α-脂酸,可能有助于改善胰岛素敏感性,并降低患糖尿病的风险.

在开始任何补充剂之前,请咨询您的医疗保健提供者.

12. 保持水分: 饮用大量的水可以帮助你保持健康的体重,减少患糖尿病的风险.

13. 避免长时间坐着:长时间坐着可以增加患糖尿病的风险.

确保在一天中经常起床和运动.

14. 摄入足够的维生素D:维生素D水平低与糖尿病的风险增加有关.

确保获得足够的阳光或在必要时服用维生素D补充剂.

15. 注意饮食:慢慢进食,注意饥饿和饱腹的信号,可以帮助你保持健康的体重,减少患糖尿病的风险 ⁇

16. 限制加工食品:加工食品通常含有不健康的脂肪,糖和, 这可能会增加患糖尿病的风险.

尽可能选择完整的,未加工的食物.

17. 吃更多的纤维:高纤维的饮食可以帮助改善血糖控制,减少患糖尿病的风险.

在你的饮食中包括大量的水果,蔬菜和全谷物.

18. 限制红肉和加工肉类:高摄入量的红肉和加工肉类与糖尿病的风险增加有关.

选择瘦蛋白质,如肉,鱼或豆腐.

19. 喝绿茶:绿茶含有抗氧化剂,可能有助于改善胰岛素敏感性,并降低患糖尿病的风险.

20. 考虑草药:一些草药,如吉姆内马,菜和苦瓜,可能有助于改善血糖控制,并降低患糖尿病的风险.

在服用任何草药之前,请咨询您的医疗保健提供者.

21. 练习控制部分:吃大部分可以导致体重增加并增加患糖尿病的风险.

通过使用更小的盘子和测量你的食物来练习部分控制.

222. 限制含糖饮料:含糖饮料,如汽水和水果汁

参考资料

PubMed/Medline https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/pubmed_medline.html

RefinedWeb https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01116

Schwarz PE, Li J, Lindström J, Bergmann A, Gruhl U, Saaristo T, Tuomilehto J: How should the clinician most effectively prevent type 2 diabetes in the obese person at high risk? Curr Diab Rep. 2007, 7 (5): 353-62.

Ritchie ND, Kaufmann P, Sauder KA: Comment on Ely et al. A National Effort to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Participant-Level Evaluation of CDC's National Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1331-1341. Diabetes Care. 2017, 40 (11): e161-e162.

Kawamori R: [Clinical trials to evaluate interventions aimed to prevent or delay the development of diabetes in high risk IGT]. Nihon Rinsho. 2004, 62 (6): 1158-63.

Ely EK, Gruss SM, Luman ET, Albright AL: Response to Comment on Ely et al. A National Effort to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Participant-Level Evaluation of CDC's National Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1331-1341. Diabetes Care. 2017, 40 (11): e163.

Han S, Luo Y, Liu B, Guo T, Qin D, Luo F: Dietary flavonoids prevent diabetes through epigenetic regulation: advance and challenge. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022, (): 1-17.

Hoskin MA, Bray GA, Hattaway K, Khare-Ranade PA, Pomeroy J, Semler LN, Weinzierl VA, Wylie-Rosett J: Prevention of Diabetes Through the Lifestyle Intervention: Lessons Learned from the Diabetes Prevention Program and Outcomes Study and its Translation to Practice. Curr Nutr Rep. 2014, 3 (4): 364-378.

Schwarz PE: 6th World Congress on Prevention of Diabetes and its Complications. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2010, 5 (4): 517-520.

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How to prevent diabetes?

1. Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.

Losing weight if you are overweight can significantly reduce your risk.

2. Eat a healthy diet: Choose a diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products.

Limit your intake of processed foods, sugary drinks, and saturated fats.

3. Exercise regularly: Engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, such as brisk walking, on most days of the week.

Regular exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight and improve insulin sensitivity.

4. Monitor your blood sugar levels: If you have prediabetes or are at high risk for developing diabetes, regular blood sugar monitoring can help you catch any changes early and make necessary lifestyle adjustments.

5. Get enough sleep: Poor sleep habits can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Aim for 7-8 hours of quality sleep each night.

6. Manage stress: Chronic stress can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Find healthy ways to manage stress, such as meditation, yoga, or exercise.

7. Limit alcohol intake: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

If you drink, do so in moderation.

8. Quit smoking: Smoking increases your risk of developing diabetes and other chronic health conditions.

Quitting smoking can help reduce your risk.

9. Get regular check-ups: Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help you monitor your risk factors and make necessary lifestyle changes to prevent diabetes.

10. Take medication as prescribed: If you have been prescribed medication to help prevent diabetes, such as metformin, make sure to take it as directed by your healthcare provider.

11. Consider supplements: Some supplements, such as chromium, magnesium, and alpha-lipoic acid, may help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

Talk to your healthcare provider before starting any supplements.

12. Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help you maintain a healthy weight and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

13. Avoid sitting for long periods: Prolonged sitting can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Make sure to get up and move around regularly throughout the day.

14. Get enough vitamin D: Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes.

Make sure to get enough sunlight exposure or take a vitamin D supplement if needed.

15. Practice mindful eating: Eating slowly and paying attention to your hunger and fullness cues can help you maintain a healthy weight and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

16. Limit processed foods: Processed foods are often high in unhealthy fats, sugars, and sodium, which can increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Choose whole, unprocessed foods whenever possible.

17. Eat more fiber: A high-fiber diet can help improve blood sugar control and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet.

18. Limit red and processed meats: High intake of red and processed meats has been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes.

Choose lean proteins, such as chicken, fish, or tofu, instead.

19. Drink green tea: Green tea contains antioxidants that may help improve insulin sensitivity and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

20. Consider herbal remedies: Some herbs, such as gymnema, fenugreek, and bitter melon, may help improve blood sugar control and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

Talk to your healthcare provider before taking any herbal remedies.

21. Practice portion control: Eating large portions can lead to weight gain and increase your risk of developing diabetes.

Practice portion control by using smaller plates and measuring your food.

222. Limit sugary drinks: Sugary drinks, such as soda and fruit juice

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